Final Exam - Quiz Questions

Question 1

At rest, is sodium higher inside of the cell or outside of the cell?

Answer 1

outside

Question 2

The likelihood of an ion going across a membrane is dependent on two things. The electrochemical gradient for that ion and…

Answer 2

the presence of open channels for that ion

Question 3

In class we talked about the membrane potential of neurons. What is true about a neuron at rest?

Answer 3

voltage-gated sodium channels are closed

Question 4

The glycocalyx is:
(A) present on all cells
(B) made of glycoproteins and glycolipids
(C) a component of the extracellular matrix

Answer 4

b. made of glycoproteins and glycolipids

Question 5

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan found in the ECM. It functions to attract water to the ECM. In class we discussed an example of over production of HA. What was that example?

Answer 5

Shar peis overproduce HA. Excess water attached to the dermis creates the extra skin that is characteristic of these dogs

Question 6

True or False: Extracellular matrix is exclusive to connective tissue.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What kind of molecule phosphorylates other molecules?

Answer 7

kinases

Question 8

As discussed in class, activation of GPCR receptor results in which of the following?

Answer 8

binding of GTP to a trimeric G-protein

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes the biological result of histamine binding to the H1 receptor?
(A) activation of phospholipase C
(B) activation of Ras
(C) receptor dimerization

Answer 9

a. activation of phospholipase C

Question 10

In class we discussed adrenaline signaling. Please choose the following statement about adrenaline signaling that is the most correct:
(A) adrenaline acts via enzyme linked receptors
(B) adrenaline acts via patter recognition receptors
(C) adrenaline acts via g-protein coupled receptors

Answer 10

c. adrenaline acts via g-protein coupled receptors

Question 11

In class we discussed growth hormone (somatotropin) signaling. Please choose the following statement about somatotropin signaling that is the most correct:
(A) somatotropin acts via enzyme linked receptors
(B) somatotropin acts via ion channel receptors
(C) somatotropin acts via g-protein coupled receptors

Answer 11

a. somatotropin acts via enzyme linked receptors

Question 12

How does choleratoxin (CT) act to increase the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in a cell?

Answer 12

CT increases cAMP by activating adenylyl cyclase

Question 13

In class we talked about a mutation in Ras and how it contributes to cancer. Please choose the answer that best describes a cancer causing (oncogeneic) mutation in Ras.
(A) an oncogenic mutation in Ras is a gain of function mutation that causes Ras to be always on and stimulating cell division
(B) an oncogenic mutation in Ras is a loss of function mutation that causes Ras to be always off and unable to control cell division

Answer 13

A. an oncogenic mutation in Ras is a gain of function mutation that causes Ras to be always on and stimulating cell division

Question 14

If a cell has just copied its DNA, which cell cycle check-point will it pass through next?

Answer 14

G2/M

Question 15

In class we talked about a mutation in Rb and how it contributes to cancer. Please choose the answer that best describes a cancer causing (oncogeneic) mutation in Rb.
(A) an oncogenic mutation in Rb is a loss of function mutation that causes Rb to be always off and unable to control cell division
(B)  an oncogenic mutation in Rb is a gain of function mutation that causes Rb to be always on and stimulating cell division

Answer 15

(a) an oncogenic mutation in Rb is a loss of function mutation that causes Rb to be always off and unable to control cell division