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Final Exam Overview Flashcards

1
Q

Cats

What does tail wagging mean?

A

Irritation

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2
Q

Cats

How do you begin restraint?

A

Begin with minimal restraint.

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3
Q

Cats

What are some signs of attack?

A
  • ears down
  • hissing
  • growling
  • tail lashing
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4
Q

Cats

Where is, and how do you draw from the cephalic vein?

A

It is located medial front. Place the cat in sternal restraint.

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5
Q

Cats

How do you restrain for jugular draw?

A

Sternal restraint.

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6
Q

Cats

Cat gloves do not protect from?

A

Bites!!

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7
Q

Dogs

What are the signs of aggression?

A
  • head low
  • growling
  • hair raised up
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8
Q

Dogs

What is it called when a dog in a normally friendly dog gets mean when placed in a cage?

A

Cage Aggression

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9
Q

Dogs

What should you avoid when lifting a dog?

A

Lifting with your back!

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10
Q

Dogs

How do you restrain for cephalic draw?

A

Sternal or standing.

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11
Q

Dogs

How do you restrain for lateral saphenous?

A

Lateral recumbency.

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12
Q

Dogs

What does a muzzle do?

A
  • takes the fight out of the dog.
  • can get it off w/paw if the wrong size.
  • only use for a short time.
  • does NOT obstruct breathing.
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13
Q

Cattle

Order

A

Artiodactyla

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14
Q

Cattle

Family

A

Bovidae

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15
Q

Cattle

They are?

A

Ruminants

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16
Q

Cattle

What is a ruminant?

A

Any animals that have stomachs consisting of four compartments, the largest of which is the rumen.

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17
Q

Cattle

Bovine

A

A member of the family Bovidae.

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18
Q

Cattle

Cow

A

A female bovine.

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19
Q

Cattle

Bull

A

A male bovine.

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20
Q

Cattle

Calf

A

Young bovine; <1 year of age.

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21
Q

Cattle

Heifer

A

A female bovine that has not given birth to a calf. The term is sometimes used to denote females until their second calving (first calf heifer).

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22
Q

Cattle

Ox

A

A mature, castrated male bovine reared for meat production or for pulling.

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23
Q

Cattle

Freshen

A

To calve and thereby begin a new lactation period. A fresh cos has recently calved and is actively lactating.

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24
Q

Cattle

Polled Breeds

A

Animals that lack horns through special breeding.

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25
Q

Cattle

Milking Parlor

A

A room in a dairy barn where cows are milked.

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26
Q

Cattle

Open Herd

A

A farm where animals are routinely added to the herd from outside sources.

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27
Q

Cattle

Closed Herd

A

A farm that raises their own replacement heifers from within the current herd.

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28
Q

Cattle

Cull

A

To removed diseased or unproductive animals from the herd via slaughter or euthanasia.

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29
Q

Cattle

How do you approach cattle?

A

From behind.

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30
Q

Cattle

What is a magnet used for?

A

It ends up in the rumen and is for hardware disease.

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31
Q

Cattle

How do you restrain beef cattle?

A

In a chute, have side panels.

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32
Q

Cattle

Do you stand close or far away?

A

Stand closer for less impact if they kick.

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33
Q

Cattle

How do you restrain dairy cattle?

A

In stanchions or a rope halter for the head.

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34
Q

Cattle

What are nose tongs?

A

Used to distract, usually beef cattle.

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35
Q

Cattle

What do bulls have?

A

A permanent nose ring.

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36
Q

Cattle

What is flanking?

A

Restrain calves.

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37
Q

Goats

Do they have heard instincts.

A

No, they do not.

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38
Q

Goats

How are the lead?

A

By their collars.

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39
Q

Goats

Do they bite?

A

They do not usually bite.

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40
Q

Goats

How do you handle them?

A

Like companion animals.

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41
Q

Goats

Do you rump them?

A

No, they do not like being rumped.

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42
Q

Goats

How do you restrain them?

A
  • stanchions
  • collars
  • straddle
  • prefer flanking to rumping
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43
Q

Goats

Doe

A

Mature female.

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44
Q

Goats

Buck

A

Mature male.

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45
Q

Goats

Kid

A

Juvenile male or female.

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46
Q

Goats

Wether

A

Castrated male.

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47
Q

Goats

How do you move them?

A

By moving the head goat into the area, the rest will follow.

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48
Q

Goats

Can you pin them against a wall?

A

Yes, using your legs.

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49
Q

Sheep

Ewe

A

Mature female.

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50
Q

Sheep

Ram

A

Mature male.

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51
Q

Sheep

Lamb

A

Juvenile sheep.

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52
Q

Sheep

Wether

A

Castrated male.

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53
Q

Sheep

How are they restrained?

A
  • rumping
  • chute
  • halter
  • tie
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54
Q

Sheep

What kind of animals are they?

A

Ruminant herbivores.

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55
Q

Sheep

What is their field of vision like?

A

Wide, about 270 degrees.

56
Q

Sheep

How are they with noise?

A

They are sensitive to noise.

57
Q

Sheep

What happens when they are angry?

A

They will butt their head and stomp feet.

58
Q

Swine

Boar

A

Adult, intact male.

59
Q

Swine

Barrow

A

Castrated male pig.

60
Q

Swine

Sow

A

Female pig, >15 months old that has had one or more litters.

61
Q

Swine

Gilt

A

Female pig, <15 months old that has had one or fewer litters.

62
Q

Swine

Piglet

63
Q

Swine

Are they intelligent?

A

Most intelligent of farm animals, easily trained.

64
Q

Swine

What happens when they panic?

A

They will try to escape by any means necessary!

65
Q

Swine

What are their groups like?

A

They establish a strict pecking order.

66
Q

Swine

Do they like to be handled?

A

No, they do not like to be handled.

67
Q

Swine

What can you do to entice them into an enclosure?

A

Leave a trail of food to entice them.

68
Q

Swine

How can you hold small pigs?

A

You can hold them up by their hind feet.

69
Q

Swine

Pet vs Production

A

Are NOT handled the same way.

70
Q

Swine

How is their eyesight?

71
Q

Swine

What can stress cause?

A

Hypothermia (temp increase)

72
Q

Swine

What will they do if a herd mate is in distress?

A

Come to the rescue.

73
Q

Swine

Do they bite?

74
Q

Swine

What is a pig board?

A

Barrier to move them in the direction you want.

75
Q

Swine

What is a hog snare?

A

Similar to a rabies pole.

76
Q

Equine

Foal

A

A baby horse.

77
Q

Equine

Weanling

A

A horse that has been weaned from dam, but is not yet a year old.

78
Q

Equine

Yearling

A

A horse that is one year old. Racehorses are considered yearling on January 1st after they were born.

79
Q

Equine

Colt

A

Full intact juvenile male horse.

80
Q

Equine

Filly

A

Juvenile female horse.

81
Q

Equine

Stallion

A

Intact adult male horse.

82
Q

Equine

Sire

83
Q

Equine

Dam

84
Q

Equine

Gelding

A

Castrated male horse.

85
Q

Equine

Mare

A

Adult female horse.

86
Q

Equine

Broodmare

A

A mare used for breeding.

87
Q

Equine

Hand

A

Used to measure height. One hand is 4”.

88
Q

Equine

Horse

A

An equine measuring 14.2 hands or higher.

89
Q

Equine

Pony

A

An equine measuring less than 14.2 hands.

90
Q

Equine

Poll

A

A bony prominence between the ears.

91
Q

Equine

Forelock

A

The hair covering the forehead.

92
Q

Equine

Crest

A

The top of the neck where the mane attaches.

93
Q

Equine

Withers

A

A prominent ridge where the neck and back join and where the height of the horse is measured (withers to ground).

94
Q

Equine

Sock

A

White extending to mid cannon bone.

95
Q

Equine

Star

A

White mark on the forehead, variable in size.

96
Q

Equine

Snip

A

White mark at the end of the nose between the nostrils.

97
Q

Equine

Blaze

A

Extensive white covering most of the forehead, between the eyes, over the entire width of the nasal bones, as well as the area between the nostrils.

98
Q

Equine

Bald Faced

A

White covering most of the front surface of the head extending up or around the eyes or nostrils, including most of the upper lip.

99
Q

Equine

Heat Brand

A

A brand that results in a dark mark of identification in the form of scarred skin.

100
Q

Equine

Freeze Brand

A

Branding with liquid nitrogen that usually results in re-growth of white hair.

101
Q

Equine

Tattoo

A

Usually located on the underside of the lip; used for identification, particularly in thoroughbreds.

102
Q

Equine

What should you not do with a halter?

A

Leave a horse unattended with one one.

103
Q

Equine

How do you lead a horse?

A

With a lead rope.

104
Q

Equine

What is the left side of a horse called?

A

Near side.

105
Q

Equine

What is the right side of a horse called?

A

Off / far side.

106
Q

Equine

Grooming Tools

A
  • hoof picks
  • curry comb
  • hard and soft brushes
  • mane combs
  • sweat scrapers
  • shedding blades
107
Q

Equine

When is picking feet more important?

A

When the horse is wearing shoes.

108
Q

Equine

What is the temperament usually like?

A

They are usually more docile.

109
Q

Equine

What is their memory like?

A

They do have a good memory.

-Bad experience can = bad behavior in the future.

110
Q

Equine

Sedation can be?

A

Necessary.

111
Q

Equine

Where can a shank go?

A
  • over the nose
  • over the lip
  • in the mouth
112
Q

Equine

They respond better to?

A

Short, sharp tugs.

113
Q

Equine

When is the shank most often used in the mouth?

A

When breeding in the stallion.

114
Q

Equine

What can a twitch be?

A
  • rope or chain
  • humane
  • hand
115
Q

Equine

What is the definition of twitch?

A

Holding or twisting part of the horses body.

116
Q

Equine

What can a twitch do?

A

It can have an instant calming effect.

117
Q

Equine

What can a chain damage?

A

The oral mucosa if used improperly.

118
Q

Equine

An ear twitch is more commonly used?

A

With small, squirmy babies.

119
Q

Equine

You can hold up a foot to?

A

Keep them from moving.

120
Q

Equine

What are stocks used for?

A

Primarily reproductive work.

121
Q

Equine

Hobbles are put on?

A

Mares during live breeding.

122
Q

Equine

Family and who does it include?

A

Equidae

  • Horses
  • Zebra
  • Asses (domestic donkey)
  • Mule (donkey + mare)
123
Q

Equine

How many wild species are there and where?

A

Only one in China, others are feral.

124
Q

Equine

Light Horses

A 
Light Horses: Descendents of the Arabian horse. Small, fine boned, considered “hot blooded” for their excitable temperament. Bred for speed, endurance, and agility. Commonly used for pleasure and show riding, racing, and transportation. A few examples include:
o	Thoroughbred
o	Standard bred
o	Arabian
o	Quarter Horse
125
Q

Equine

Draft

A

Drafts: Descendents of the Forest Horse. Large, heavily boned and muscled, considered “cold blooded” for their calm, stoic temperaments. Bred for size and strength. Commonly used as pulling horses. Amish people still do all of their farm work u sing draft horses or draft mules for pulling. A few examples include:
o Belgian
o Clydesdale
o Percheron

126
Q

Equine

Warm Blood

A

Warm Bloods: Breeds that descend from a cross between hot- and cold- blooded horses. Bred to be riding horses with greater size, strength, and calmer temperament than the typical thoroughbred or Arabian. Very popular in dressage, show jumping and combined training. A few examples include:
o Hanoverian
o Trakehner
o Oldenburg
o Dutch Warm blood (many countries, especially in Europe, will have their own native bred warm blood)

127
Q

Equine

Pony Breeds

A

Pony Breeds: Ponies are less than 14.2 hands tall. They are commonly used as riding horses for children. A few examples include:
o Welsh
o Shetland

128
Q

Equine

Black

A

Body, head, limbs, mane, and tail are all black.

129
Q

Equine

Brown

A

Body color is brown; mane, tail, and lower limbs are black.

130
Q

Equine

Grey

A

The foal is born as one of the above colors, but becomes quickly whiter with age. Horses with brown or red hairs interspersed on white are called “flea bitten” grays. Dappling (a circular type pattern of darker hairs over lighter colored hairs) is common in gray horses.

131
Q

Equine

Chestnut

A

Body color ranges from a light golden red to a brown-red color (liver chestnut). The legs, mane and tail may be a shade lighter or darker than the body color but are never black.

132
Q

Equine

Bay

A

Body color is a red brown; mane tail and lower limbs are black.

133
Q

Equine

Roan

A

Any of the above colors predominates but lots of white hairs on the body. They are commonly referred to as strawberry (chestnut) roans, blue (black) roans, and brown roans.

134
Q

Equine

Dun

A

Body color ranges from light yellow to darker brown. Mane, tail and lower limbs are black. There is a black dorsal stripe.

135
Q

Equine

Paint

A

Also a breed of horse carrying similar genetics to Quarter Horses. Body has large irregular patches of white over any base color. Also called pinto or pied.

136
Q

Equine

Palomino

A

Cream-gold colored body with a light colored mane and tail.

137
Q

Equine

Appaloosa

A

Also a breed of horse carrying similar genetics to Quarter Horse. Spotted horses. Spots may be extensive. For example, a leopard appaloosa is a white horse covered in varying sizes of colored spots, or less extensive in horses of any base color, with spots over the hindquarters and top line.

Restraint (2 decks)

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