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Animal Diseases and Public Health > Final Exam Material > Flashcards

Final Exam Material Flashcards

1
Q

Emerging zoonosis is

A
  • a previously recognized disease seen in a new species
  • a disease that has never been seen before
  • a disease that is new to a geographic area
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2
Q

An animate or inanimate object that provides a long term habitat of an infectious organism is termed

A

reservoir

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3
Q

Segregation is a method of reservoir neutralization. Within this method explain the difference between quarantine and isolation.

A

Quarantine: animal is not sick, seperated from time of exposure to time of first clinical signs
Isolation: seperated for the whole incubation period

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4
Q

Another term for inborn immunity is

A

innate

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5
Q

A major reason that anthrax can stay enzootic in an area is the bacterias ability to

A

form spores

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6
Q

What weather conditions are ideal for an anthrax outbreak in west Texas?

A

wet spring, dry summer

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7
Q

Which of the following statements is true concerning brucellosis?

A

Only veterinarians can vaccinate calves

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8
Q

Necropsy of a cow that died from anthrax would show diagnostic changes in what internal organs?

A

Spleen

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9
Q

The most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in humans in the United States is

A

Campylopbacter

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10
Q

The most common species of bacteria that causes Campylobacteriosis in humans is Campylobacter ___ and the most common animal carrier is ____

A

jujni, poultry

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11
Q

List two ways to control brucellosis in a cattle herd

A
  • test to slaughter
  • vaccinate
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12
Q

Name two sources of bacteria that infect bite wounds

A
  • mouth of animal
  • victims skin
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13
Q

A sixteen year old male spent one afternoon cleaning his show steers pen. That night he had grilled chicken for dinner. Three days he was hospitalized with severe bloody diarrhea. What was the most likely bacteria that caused this problem?

A

E.Coli

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14
Q

Enterohemorrhagic E.Coli are designated by numbering the antigens they produce. What are the antigen and numbers for this strain?

A

O157 and H7

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15
Q

A nine year old girl developed diarrhea after playing with her parents iguana. What bacteria most likely caused this disease?

A

Salmonella

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16
Q

Which of the following statements is true?

A

If a racoon tests positive for rabies it can have the skunk variant

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17
Q

If a skunk bites your dog which is current on his rabies vaccination he should

A

be given a rabies booster and quarantined for 45 days

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18
Q

The most contagious form of Plague in humans is

A

Pneumonic

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19
Q

When humans are bitten by ticks

A

they are atypical hosts and usually have acute and severe diseases

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20
Q

The most common form of tularemia in humans is

A

ulceroglandular

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21
Q

Which elements must be present for lyme disease to exist in an area?

A

Bo. burgdoferi, ixodes ticks and mammals (rodents and deer)

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22
Q

The primary cell that Ehrlichia organisms invade is

A

Leukocytes (WBC)

23
Q

Transmission of Rickettsia rickettsii to humans via tick bites occurs in what time period after attachement?

A

6 to 10 hours

24
Q

What two things does it take for rabies transmission to occur?

A

1) bite wound
2) virus in the salivary gland

25
Q

Explain the reasoning behind the 10 day quarantine if your dog bites a person.

A

Animal sheds the virus no more than 5 to 6 days before showing signs

26
Q

A few days after wading through a flooded pasture you develop fever and vomiting. This is later followed by a yellowing coloration of your mucous membranes and skin. What disease that we have studied is the most likely cause?

A

Leptospirosis

27
Q

The primary sign of Leptospirosis in adult cattle is?

A

late term abortion

28
Q

The one thing that all stages of ticks (except the eggs) need to progress to the next stage is

A

a host (blood meal)

29
Q

Days after a successful rabbit hunt and game processing, a man developed an ulcerated area on his hand. He then developed lymphnode swelling under the armpit on the same side. What disease has he likely developed?

A

Tularemia

30
Q

What is the most common tick borne disease reported. in the U.S.

A

Lyme disease

31
Q

Give two reasons why Q fever is regarded as a potential bioterror agent?

A

1) easily aerolized
2) takes very few to cause (bacteria wise)
3) heat resistant

32
Q

The definition of a superficial mycoses is

A

a fungus that invades dead skin cells, they do not invade living cells

33
Q

A teenager living in a household with multiple pets develops a ringworm lesion on her arm. What animal is the most likely source ____ and what Microsporum species of fungus is the probable cause? ____

A
  • cat
  • canis
34
Q

Which of the following is true about cryptosporidiosis?

A

Food and water are the most common sources of infection

35
Q

The definitive host of toxoplasmosis is?

A

cats because they are the only animal in which the sexual cycle takes places

36
Q

The MOST COMMON source of toxoplasmisis to humans is

A

ingestion of infectious form in meat or feces

37
Q

Which is true about beef and pork cestode infections?

A

Humans are the definitive host

38
Q

Humans get adult tapeworms by

A

eating undercooked beef or pork containing cysticerci

39
Q

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about tapeworm infections?

A
  • freezing of meat is a control method
  • In cysticercosis inflammation occurs only when larvae are dying
  • Neurocysticercosis is the most severe form of the disease
40
Q

Creeping eruption in humans is caused by

A

cutaneous migration of parasitic nematode larvae

41
Q

One of the causes of cutaneous larval migrans in humans is

A

canine hookworms

42
Q

The most common cause of visceral larval migrans in the U.s. is

A

Toxicara canis

43
Q

Which of the following is false about fleas

A

Larvae are the predominant part of the total flea population

44
Q

What statement is true about arboviruses

A

usually cause no symptoms or mild symptoms in people

45
Q

The most frequently seen mosquito borne viral infection worldwide is

A

Dengue fever

46
Q

The primary reservoir for West Nile virus is

A

birds

47
Q

If a horse develops signs of encephalitis and subsequently dies, what disease would be the most important one to test for?

A

VEE

48
Q

With avian influenza,which statement is true?

A

is dangerous to humans because there is little or no immunity to the virus

49
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is

A

Possible originated from scrapie infected sheep products

50
Q

Chronic wasting disease is seen in

A

deer and elk

51
Q

Even if drinking water supplies are treated with chlorine there still can be cryptosporidia parvum present. Why is this the case?

A

It is resistant to chlorine, thats why its best to have a filtration system.

52
Q

Toxoplasmosis can be controlled in cat litter by daily cleaning rather than weekly cleaning. Explain the reason why.

A

The egg does not become infected for 1 to 5 days.

53
Q

Arbovirus is short for

A

arthropod borne virus

54
Q

Why must there be an active infestation (rodents must have recently been in the location) of Hanta virus infected rodents to lead to human infections?

A

Only lasts a few days

Animal Diseases and Public Health (3 decks)

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