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Western Political Thought > Final Exam (Listing and Quotes) > Flashcards

Final Exam (Listing and Quotes) Flashcards

1
Q

List four important factors of the ancient political context

A

Environment, access to learning, social/political hierarchy, cosmology/religion/philosophy

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2
Q
  1. List four types of government and their definition from Plato
A

Timocracy – spirit, oligarchy – wealth, democracy – freedom/poor, tyranny – one man beast

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3
Q
  1. According to Aristotle, list the three types of good government and their corresponding corruption.
A

King – Tyranny, Aristocracy – Oligarchy, Polity - Democracy

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4
Q
  1. List the classes in Plato’s Republic and their corresponding virtues
A

Guardians – Wisdom, Auxiliaries – Courage, Producers - Temperance

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5
Q
  1. List three Roman words for power/ authority and define each.
A

Imperium – supreme, Potestas – power of life and death, Auctoritas - authority

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6
Q
  1. Name the assemblies and magistrates of Rome
A

Magistrates: Consuls, Censors, Tribunes, Dictator, Praetor Urbanus, Praetor Peregrinos, Aediles, Quaestors
Assemblies: Senate, Comitia Centuriata, Comitia Plebis, Comitia Tributa

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7
Q
  1. List seven political innovations of Greek polei
A

Sortition, rule of law, checks on power, bicameralism, ostracism, assemblies, term limits

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8
Q
  1. List seven political innovations/ legacies of Rome
A

Republic/Representative government, local government, division of nobility (i.e. duke), language of law, jurisprudence, Senate, split executive power Veto power, censoring an official, dictator/model of Cincinnatus, balance of power

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9
Q
  1. Name four qualities the prince should have, according to Machiavelli
A

Self-reliant, miserly, feared, excellent, virtuous insofar as it is advantageous, vicious insofar as it is not known, the appearance of good qualities, not hated

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10
Q
  1. List and define the three parts of Just War Theory
A

Jus ad bellum – pre-war, Just in bello – in war, Jus post bellum – after war

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11
Q
  1. List three different types of hereditary succession and define each.
A

Heirs general – linear succession, Heirs male first – men first, women after, Heirs male only – males only

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12
Q
  1. List four different passages of Scripture (either OT or NT) and the perspective therein on government
A

Micah 3: spiritual actor outside political structure calling politics to account
Romans 13: all governing authorities instituted by God
1 Timothy 2: prayers for government
Deuteronomy 17: king subject to law

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13
Q
  1. Four aspects of English Government in 1600
A

Monarchy, Parliament, courts, rights of Englishmen

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14
Q
  1. Three types of Courts in England
A

Exchequer, King’s Bench, Common Pleas

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15
Q
  1. Three types of limited government argument
A

Social Contract Theory, Civic Humanism, Ancient Contract

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16
Q
  1. Three terms for overseas imperial territories and their definitions
A

Colony – settlement of subjects, dependent; Dependency – separate, requires support or help; Protectorate – controlled by another to a greater or lesser degree

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17
Q
  1. Define four Waves of Feminism
A

First Wave: Suffrage movement and Feminism
Second Wave: Civil Rights/”Equal pay for equal work”
Third Wave: Opposition to Radical Feminism/Gender and Sexual Identity Movement/Split into antagonist groups
Fourth Wave: Social Justice/Social Media/Spirituality, Body positivity

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18
Q
  1. Name four feminist theorists and an idea of each
A

Charles Fourier – extension of privileges to women essential to progress
Josephine Butler – separate sphere argument: women’s sphere of operation was different from men
Simon de Beauvoir – gender as a social construct, feminist existentialism
Gloria Steinem – gender is social construct, sex is biological, marital status shouldn’t determine your job

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19
Q
  1. Seven syndromes for Warrior Queens
A 
Appendage Syndrome
Tomboy Syndrome
Chastity/Holy Armed Figurehead
Sexual Athletes/Voracity Syndrome
Shame Syndrome
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20
Q
  1. Four principles of Bolivar’s thought
A

Montesquieu’s Spirit of the Laws: environment (geographic circumstances)
Avoid U.S. Model (federalism as a threat to unity)
Strong Central executive essential
Need for Unity

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21
Q
  1. Name and define the two methods used by Thomas Hobbes
A

Composite- induction of effects from first principles

Resolutive – deduction of first principles from effects

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22
Q
  1. Name the three principles of Kant’s internationalism
A

Republican Constitutions for all states
Law of nations as part of federation of free states
International law – universal hospitality.

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23
Q
  1. Draw and label the Dialectical model.
A

thesis———antithesis

—-synthesis—–

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24
Q
  1. Name three philosophers of the German Golden Age
A

Immanuel Kant
Johann Gottlieb Fichte
Johann von Herder

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25
Q
  1. Name (from the 18th & 19th centuries) three Conservative thinkers; three Liberal thinkers and three Socialist thinkers.
A 
Conservative: 
	- Duke of Wellington
	- Klemens von Metternich
	- Benjamin Disraeli 
Liberal :
	- Jean-Baptiste Say
	- J.S. Mill 
	- David Ricardo
Socialist : 
	- Louis Blanc
	- Robert Owen
	- Karl Marx
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26
Q
  1. Name four basic principles of Romanticism.
A

Rebellion
Spontaneity
Sensitivity and Sensuality
Nationalism

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27
Q
  1. What were the beginning and ending dates of the Enlightenment and why for each?
A

So the end date is definitely 1789 – French Rev, pinnacle of Enlightenment thought that left a bad taste in everyone’s mouth, began in 1687 – publishing of Newton’s Principia which was the foundation of Newtonian physics and a resurgence in naturalist explanations of the world

28
Q
  1. Name three prophecies of Karl Marx that failed
A

Capitalism – radically evil and incapable of reform
Theory of Increasing Misery
Location and Nature of Revolutions (would begin in highly developed industrial states)

29
Q
  1. Name the stages of history in Marx’s ideology.
A

SlaveFeudalIndustrial
(Freeman and slave to PatricianPatrician and Plebeian to LordLord and Serf to BourgeoisieProletariat RevolutionUtopia)

30
Q
  1. Draw the revolutionary triangle.
A

haves—————-have nots

—-new haves class——

31
Q
  1. Name five European overseas empires and two places in each.
A 
British Empire- Australia, Canada
France- Louisiana, Haiti
Spain- Mexico, Hispaniola (Dominican Republic) 
Portugal- Brazil, Angola
Dutch Empire-South Africa, Indonesia
32
Q
  1. Three terms for overseas imperial territories and their definition
A

Colonies: settlement of subjects, dependent, a degree of self-government
Viceroyalty: colony or protectorate in which the Viceroy stands in for the monarch
Dependency: separated by land or water from central authority, dependent for support/help

33
Q
  1. I declare our city is an education unto Greece
A

Thucydides, Pericles’ Funeral Oration

34
Q
  1. In the perfect state, the good man is absolutely the same as a the good citizen; whereas in other states the good citizen is only good relatively to his own form of government
A

Aristotle, Politics

35
Q
  1. Hence it is evident that the state is a creation of nature and that man is by nature a political animal.
A

Aristotle, Politics

36
Q
  1. Until either philosophers become kings or those now kings and regents become genuine philosophers.
A

Plato, Republic

37
Q
  1. What man is so indifferent or so idle that he would not wish to know how and under what form of government almost all the inhabited world came under the single rule of the Romans in less than 53 years?
A

Polybius, Histories

38
Q
  1. Fruitful as Fortune is in change, and constantly as she is producing dramas in the life of men, yet assuredly never before this did she work such a marvel, or act such a drama, as that which we have witnessed.”
A

Polybius, Histories

39
Q
  1. The commonwealth … is the people’s affair; and the people is not every group of men, associated in any manner, but is the coming together of a considerable number of men who are united by a common agreement about laws and rights and by desire to participate in mutual advantage
A

Cicero, The Republic

40
Q
  1. “Law is highest reason implanted in Nature, which commands what out to be done and forbids the opposite.”
A

Cicero, The republic

41
Q
  1. What are kingdoms but great bands of brigands?
A

St. Augustine, City of God

42
Q
  1. Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which God has established. The authorities that exist have been established by God. Consequently, whoever rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves
A

Romans 13:1

43
Q
  1. “it is much safer to be feared than loved because …love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is broken at every opportunity for their advantage; but fear preserves you by a dread of punishment which never fails.
A

Machiavelli, The Prince

44
Q
  1. “Women are more inclined to make peace and avert wars”
A

Christine de Pizan, The Treasure of the City of Ladies

45
Q
  1. “And I know in the depth of my being and in all my knowledge of history and humanity, I know women will struggle for a social order of peace, equality and joy.”
A

Joan Kelly

46
Q
  1. “I accept that women are gentler at the moment, but if they had the same amount of power as men, they wouldn’t be more virtuous.”
A

Lynne Segal

47
Q
  1. To say ‘radical feminist’ is only a way of indicating that I believe the sexual caste system is a root of race and class and other divisions
A

Gloria Steinem

48
Q
  1. The nuclear family must be destroyed, and people must find better ways of living together…. Whatever its ultimate meaning, the break-up of families now is an objectively revolutionary process…. No woman should have to deny herself any opportunities because of her special responsibilities to her children… Families will be finally destroyed only when a revolutionary social and economic organization permits people’s needs for love and security to be met in ways that do not impose divisions of labor, or any external roles, at all.”
A

Linda Gordon

49
Q
  1. general inclination of all mankind, a perpetual and restless desire of power after power, that ceaseth only in death
A

Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan

50
Q
  1. In such condition, there is no place for industry; because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor e use of the commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving and removing, such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short
A

Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan

51
Q
  1. Common Law of England is nothing else but the Common Custome of the Realm
A

Sir John Davies

52
Q
  1. “and he …is called SOVEREIGN, and said to have sovereign power; and everyone besides, his SUBJECT.”
A

Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan

53
Q
  1. a State of Liberty, yet it is not a State of Licence… [because] …The State of Nature has a Law of Nature to govern it, which obliges every one: and Reason, which is that Law, teaches all Mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his Life, Health, Liberty, or Possessions.”
A

John Locke, Second Treatise on Government

54
Q
  1. Strengthen the female mind by enlarging it, and there will be an end to blind obedience
A

Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman

55
Q
  1. Make women rational creatures, and free citizens, and they will quickly become good wives; - that is, if men do not neglect the duties of husbands and fathers.
A

Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman

56
Q
  1. The distinguishing characteristic of small republics is stability: the character of large republics is mutability
A

Simon de Bolivar, Letter from Jamaica

57
Q
  1. We have been ruled more by deceit than by force, and we have been degraded more by vice than by superstition. Slavery is the daughter of darkness: an ignorant people is a blind instrument of its own destruction
A

Simon de Bolivar, Message to the Congress of Angostura

58
Q
  1. Precisely because no form of government is so weak as the democratic, its framework must be firmer, and its institutions must be studied to determine their degree of stability … unless this is done, we will have to reckon with an ungovernable, tumultuous, and anarchic society, not with a social order where happiness, peace, and justice prevail
A

Simon de Bolivar, Message to the Congress of Angostura

59
Q
  1. “Government has no other end but the preservation of their property”
A

John Locke, Second Treatise on Civil Government

60
Q
  1. Every man has a property in his own person
A

John Locke, Second Treatise on Civil Government

61
Q
  1. What is the use of discussing a man’s abstract right to food or to medicine? The question is upon the method of procuring and administering them. In this deliberation I shall always advise to call in the aid of the farmer and the physician, rather than the professor
A

Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France

62
Q
  1. “who possesses the true spirit of command, shall draw the eyes of all men upon himself”
A

Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France

63
Q
  1. “The person who really commands the army is your master; the master of your king, the master of your assembly, the master of your whole republic.”
A

Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France

64
Q
  1. Man is born free, but everywhere is in chains
A

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract

65
Q
  1. Workers of the world unite!
A

Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto

66
Q
  1. We seem, as it were, to have conquered and people half the world in a fit of absence of mind.
A

John Seeley, The Expansion of England

67
Q
  1. The history of all previous societies has been the history of class struggles
A

Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto

Western Political Thought (3 decks)

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