Final Exam (Excluding Midterm 1) Flashcards
Who is Arcesilas?
He is the 8th and last king of Cyrene. He won the chariot race in the Pythian games in 462 and is the recipient of Pindar’s Pythian 4 and 5 poems
Who is Damophilus?
Damophilus is a friend of Pindar’s who was exiled from Cyrene.
Pythian 4 and 5 plead to Arcesilas to allow Damophilus to return home
Who is Euphamus?
A supposed ancestor of Arcesilas. One of the argonauts that sailed with Jason aboard the Argo. (commonly referred to as one of the least important Argonauts)
Who is Battus?
The son of Arcesilas. Both he and his father were chased out of Cyrene and murdered during a civil war. After their murder, Cyrene became a democracy.
Who is Jason
Mythological Hero from “Jason and the Argonauts” Leader of the Argonauts
Is the son of Aeson and is the rightful heir of Iolchus but was too young to rule so he was sent away.
He was raised by the centaur Chiron, who is a legendary trainer and father figure of heroes
What is Iolchus?
The homeland of Jason. Is under the rule of Pelias, Jason’s uncle before seceeding to Jason.
Who is Aeson?
The father of Jason. Ruler of Iolchus before his death
Who is Pelias?
Uncle of Jason. Became the ruler of Iolchus after Aeson’s death
Who is Chiron?
Legendary trainer of heroes.
Is a centaur
Is said to have named Jason
Acted as a father figure and raised Jason, Achilles, and in some stories, Heracles.
What is Colchis?
Colchis is the island where the Golden Fleece is held
Who is Aeetes?
Son of the sun god, Helios.
Ruler of Colchis
Owner of the Golden Fleece
What does Nostos mean?
Literally translated to “To return home” It essentially measn to return to a place in which you belong
Who is Paean?
Apollo in his role of god of healing
Who is Cycnus (Kuh-you-k-ness)
The son of Ares
What are Athloi
Labours
What are Athletes?
Someone who performs labours
What are Athla
The Games
What is Pythia?
Pythia is the title of the head oracle at Delphi.
The title is also what the Pythian games are named after, which Apollo made to commemorate his victory over the great snake Python.
Who is Ortygia?
A goddess of the place, specifically Ortygia (the island)
What is Apotheosis?
The process of a man being transformed into a god
Who is Hebe?
The goddess of youth
Wife of Heracles
Who is Mnemosyne?
Goddess of memory, mother of the 9 muses
What is Philei?
Love, specifically to commemorate
What is Phthonera?
Envy (To look at someone with an envious eye)
What does Aspis mean?
Another word for Shield
Who is Thamyris
He is a poet who sang epic songs of Heracles.
The muses blinded him and took his ability of song
Who is Eurystheus?
Son of Sthelenus (is the son of Perseus) and Nicippe
Grandson of Perseus
The man who Heracles works under to perform his labours.
Hera caused him to be born before Heracles so as to disenfranchise Heracles and steal away his inheritance
Who is Alcmene?
The mother of Heracles
What is an Eidolon?
A shade or image (of a dead person)
Heracles’ shade appears in the land of the dead even though his body is in Olympus. His soul and body are essentially split in two
What is Ecphrasis
Translates to “staying away from” or “staying out of” It is a specific type of digression used in poetry to describe a specifically crafted object
What is the importance of “Arming Scenes”
Aka the “getting dressed scene” is used to delay the action of the hero doing what they do best. If Achilles starts to put on his armour, you know hes about to go wild
Who is Amphitryon?
The husband of Alcmene
What is a Praeteritio?
Literally translates to “going past” When you mention something than never go back to it
Who are the Aecids?
Descendants of Aeacus, most famously Achilles and Ajax
What is Koros?
Surfeit (having too much of something)
What is a Patronymic?
A mans fathers name. Is typically his last name
What is Elpis?
Hope (What Pandora left in the jar)
What is Terma
A goal
What is Gune? (Goo-nay)
The Greek word for woman
What is Aner (Ah-nair)
The Greek word for man
What is Leizetai
Something to acquire (illegally or aggressively)
What is Rigion
Something that makes you shudder
What is Momos?
A standard word for blame
Who is Tyrtaeus?
A Spartan poet
Extremely proud of his Dorian heritage
Believes it is the duty of man to be agonistic and celebrate the ideals of agonism, like his ancestors the Hereclids
Who is Callinus?
A poet from Ephesus
Writes about war and how it is a group effort by citizens to protect their own
What are Neoi?
Young men (around their 20’s)
Have an extreme capacity for violence and can cause anxiety among the populace if they are not controlled
What is the beautiful death?
a young man who dies honorably in battle.
He will forever be remembered as a young and desireable boy by men and women alike.
What is Agores? (Ah-go-rays)
Public speech used in council and decision making. Occasionally used in the Iliad to denote royalty and the elite are speaking
What is Aphradiai
Foolishness
What is the “Ship of State”
A metaphor commonly used by Solon. The city is like a ship, you need a competent helmsman and crew to function properly. Because it is small it is vulnerable to outside attacks but so long as we listen to authority we will be ok
What is Glukun
Sweet (denotes friends and respect)
What is Pikron
Bitter (denotes enemies and fear)
What is Glukopikron
A word made up by Sappho to describe Eros. Essentially means bittersweet
What is Artion?
An adjective, essentially means “Fit well together”
What is Charites? (Plural is Charis)
Good favour (reciprocity)
What is Deiloi
Wretched people. Suffering, cowering, worthless, essentially worse than Knaves
What is Esthloi
To be good at a specific function or task
What is Paideia
The Greek word for education
What is Thamnios
Someones taste (will)
What is the Lenaia?
A proper festival in Athens in which all business shut down
