Final Exam - Ethics

Question 1

What is ethics?

Answer 1

• discipline dealing with what is good and bad, moral duty, and obligation
• a set of moral principles or values
• a theory or system of moral values
• the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group

Question 2

Name 4 things that influence our values

Answer 2

Culture
Experience
Religion
Science

Question 3

What are the principle of bioethics?

Answer 3

Autonomy-freedom and rights of the patients to make decision for themselves

Beneficence-the act of doing good.

Confidentiality-information reveled by the patient should be held in confidence. Includes “patient bill of rights”

Justice-ethical principal that relates to equality and fairness for all

Non-maleficence- the act of not doing evil or harm.

Role Fidelity-health care professionals must be faithful to their role, follow the rules.

Veracity-habitual observance of truth

Question 4

Define Autonomy

Answer 4

• the right to make ones own decisions and choices (as it pertains to medical decisions)
• they may or may not choose to exercise this right

Question 5

What does HIPAA stand for?

Answer 5

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Question 6

Who must receive HIPAA training?

Answer 6

All health care professionals and students must receive HIPAA training

*if they come in contact with patient information, they should have HIPAA training

Question 7

List the three ethical theories we discussed and write a brief description of each

Answer 7

TELEOLOGY
-this is consequentialism where the consequences are taken into account to deem if the action is a sound one

DEONTOLOGY
-this is nonconsequentialism where consequences are not used to deem something ethical. It is either right or it is wrong. It’s not treating patients as a means to an end

VIRTUE ETHICS
-this is where past personal experiences and thought weigh in on whether a decision is ethical

Question 8

Required elements that make up a conformed consent

Answer 8

• 18 years or older (must have mental capacity of 18 year old)
• must be advised on pros/cons of treatment and how it can help them
• let other options be known
• know outcome if treatment is refused
• must know they are able to refuse treatment
• doctor must secure in writing, have implied, or verbally obtain consent

Question 9

Name the models of ethical decision making and describe them

Answer 9

ENGINEERING/ANALYTICAL
-caregiver is a scientist dealing only in facts and doesn’t consider the human aspect of the patient

PRIESTLY
-caregiver is a godlike being that makes all the decisions (removes all autonomy from patient). “doctor knows best”

COLLEGIAL
-cooperative method, provider and patient share trust and consideration of common goals. Building trust over time.

CONTRACTUAL
-“business model” contractual arrangement serves as the guidelines for decision making and outlines expectations

COVENANT
-relationship based on traditional values and goals. based on trust that the provider will do what is right

Question 10

True of False

Assault is the act of harmful, unconsented, or unwarranted contact with an individual.

Answer 10

False,

contact—>battery

Question 11

Explain the difference between negligence and carelessness. Give example **

Answer 11

• negligence is when an act is done when a person isn’t qualified or proper actions weren’t taken evne though the provider knew it was the incorrect manner
• Carelessness is when you may have made a mindless unintentional error that may or may not harm the patient. It was done in good faith
• Ex: a student giving stitches