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GM Organ Histo > Final Exam Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Final Exam Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What are functions of the gallbladder

A

Store bile and concentrate bile

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2
Q

What bile is primarily bile from the liver

A

Hepatic bile

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3
Q

What bile is concentrated bile from the gallbladder

A

Cystic bile

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4
Q

What is bile release controlled by

A

CCK and the vagus nerve

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5
Q

What is the surface epithelium of the gallbladder mucosa

A

Simple columnar

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6
Q

What cell types are located within the gallbladder mucosa

A

Clear cells and brush cells

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7
Q

What cells are aka cholangiocytes, have many microvilli, and function to concentrate bile by absorbing water

A

Clear cells

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8
Q

What cell is few in number within the gallbladder mucosa and produce mucinogen

A

Brush cells

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9
Q

What part of the gallbladder often posses small mucous glands

A

The neck of the gallbladder lamina propria

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10
Q

What part of the gallbladder mucosa is loose and very vascular ct

A

Lamina propria

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11
Q

What is the function of the lamina propria of the gallbladder

A

Lubricate the narrow neck lumen

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12
Q

What part of the gallbladder mucosa is absent

A

Muscularis mucosa

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13
Q

Is there submucosa in the gallbladder

A

No its absent - unusual

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14
Q

What is unique about the muscularis eterna of the gallbladder

A

It is NOT a normal pattern, has thin smooth muscle layer with disorganized muscle arrangement

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15
Q

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine pancreas

A

Endocrine = islets of langerhans producing hormones, exocrine = serous acini producing digestive enzymes

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16
Q

What is the largest portion of the pancreas

A

Exocrine (digestive enzymes) portions

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17
Q

What do pancreatic ducts do for the exocrine pancrease

A

Secretion (H2O and HCO3) controlled by secretin and acetylcholine from parasympathetic nerves

18
Q

What type of cell is characteristic of pancreatic ducts

A

Centroacinar cells

19
Q

What type of pancreatic duct cells are with cuboid cells in intercalated pancreatic ducts and what do they produce

A

Centroacinar cells producing alkaline fluid with large amounts of bicarbonate to release into duodenum to buffer stomach chyme

20
Q

What wraps the pancreatic ducts and what is the function

A

Collagen rich ct = provide extra protection from possible leaking of digestive enzymes

21
Q

What is the largest gland in the body with endocrine and exocrine functions

A

The liver

22
Q

What are 5 functions of the liver

A

Metabolize lipids/carbs/protein, production of blood proteins/vitamins, detoxify blood, produce hepatic bile (exocrine) store vitamines (A,B12)

23
Q

What type of cell are hepatocytes

A

Microvilliated cuboidal cells possesing lateral bile between adjacent hepatocytes

24
Q

How does bile go through a liver lobule (bile canaliculi)

A

Bile moves from hepatocytes towards the bile duct bronchi in the portal triad

25
Q

What cell is arranged in rows between hepatic sinusoids like spokes of a wheel

A

Hepatocytes

26
Q

What is another name for kupffer cells and what do they develop from

A

Stellate macrophages that develop monocytes

27
Q

What do kupffer cells do

A

Phagocytosis of debris and aged RBC’s, act as APC

28
Q

What cells are known as hepatic stellate cells

A

Ito cells

29
Q

What cells store lipids, vit A, produce collagen 1,3,4 and growth factors

A

Ito cells

30
Q

What are pit cells

A

Natural killer cells

31
Q

What are hepatic progenitor cells responsible for

A

Present regenerative capabilities

32
Q

What is the portal triad

A

Includes branches from hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct

33
Q

What cell is dilated, fenestrated and found between rows of hepatocytes

A

Hepatic sinusoids

34
Q

What do hepatic sinusoids carry

A

Mixture of venous (75%) and arterial blood (25%)

35
Q

What is fenestrated and collects blood from hepatic sinusoids

A

The central vein

36
Q

Where does the central vein receive blood flow from

A

The portal triad

37
Q

What is another name for space of disse

A

Perisinusoidal space

38
Q

What is the space of disse

A

Space between hepatocytes and fenestrated hepatic sinusoids where blood directly contacts microvilliated surfaces of hepatocytes

39
Q

Where is flow slow enough so cells can interact with blood and its contents

A

The space of disse (perisinusoidal space)

40
Q

Why can the liver take over functioning for the spleen for 24-48 hours

A

Because of slow flow in space of disse

41
Q

What is glisson’s capsule made of

A

Dense irregular CT covered with serosa, other ct limited in human liver

GM Organ Histo (2 decks)

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