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HHP 315 > Final Exam CH6-12 > Flashcards

Final Exam CH6-12 Flashcards

1
Q

Memory Storage

A

required in order to recall past experiences and learning from memory

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2
Q

Information Retrieval

A

the capacity to retrieve information from memory

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3
Q

Selective Attention

A

ability to attend to one stimulus to the exclusion of others

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4
Q

Limited Information Processing Capacity

A

finite amount of space available; tasks that require large amounts of processing space interfere with each other

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5
Q

Attentional Narrowing

A

as arousal increases, attentional focus narrows

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6
Q

Selective Attention

A

ability to attend to one stimulus to the exclusion of others; very efficient in highly skilled athletes

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7
Q

Limited Information Processing Capacity

A

finite amount of space available; tasks that require large amounts of processing space interfere with each other; with practice, can decrease the amount of space a task takes

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8
Q

Attentional Narrowing

A

as arousal increases, attentional focus narrows

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9
Q

Quiet Eye Period

A

the time between stimulus and reaction

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10
Q

Playing in the Zone

A

physical & mental preparation; an absence of conscious regulation during outstanding performance

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11
Q

Ironic Effect

A

doing exactly what you are trying not to do

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12
Q

Internal Focus

A

internal body actions (i.e. keep elbow straight)

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13
Q

External Focus

A

external effects of skill execution (i.e. hit through the ball)

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14
Q

External Focus

A

external effects of skill execution (i.e. hit through the ball)

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15
Q

Constrained Action Hypothesis

A

conscious control interacts with automatic control (internal focus)

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16
Q

Thought-Stopping

A

replacing a negative thought with a positive thought

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17
Q

Centering

A

a method of making adjustments to attitudes

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18
Q

Affect

A

a generic term used to describe emotions, feelings, and moods

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19
Q

Emotion

A

a situation specific response to the environment; instantaneous, discrete

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20
Q

Anxiety

A

facing uncertain, existential threat; the emotion believed to have the most influence on athletic performance

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21
Q

Moods

A

last for weeks or month; associated with the environment

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22
Q

Stress

A

nonspecific response to demands on the body (eustress & distress)

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23
Q

3 main elements of emotion

A
  1. physiological change
  2. subjective experience
  3. action tendency
24
Q

Trait Anxiety

A

a predisposition to respond with increased anxiety

25
Q

State Anxiety

A

immediate emotional state characterized by apprehension, fear, tension, & increase in arousal

26
Q

Cognitive Anxiety

A

the mental component of anxiety caused by fear of social evaluation, fear of failure, and loss of self-esteem

27
Q

Somatic Anxiety

A

physiological response

28
Q

3 parts of stress process

A
  1. environmental situation
  2. appraisal of environmental situation
  3. the stress response
29
Q

Stress response

A

only occurs if coping skills perceived to be inadequate to deal with situation

30
Q

Organizational Stress

A

environmental issues
personal issues
leadership issues
team issues

31
Q

Functional Perfectionism

A

characterized by high personal standards and a desire for organization; decreased levels of state anxiety, increased levels of self-confidence; adaptive, autonomous

32
Q

Disfunctional Perfectionism

A

characterized by concern over mistakes, parental expectations and criticism, self-doubts, and socially prescribed expectations; increased somatic & cognitive state anxiety; maladaptive, controlling

33
Q

Inverted U-Theory

A

best performance occurs at a moderate level of arousal

34
Q

Drive Theory

A

the greater the arousal level the higher the performance; gross motor skills, linear process

35
Q

Profile of mood states (athletes are lower in every mood but vigor)

A 
tension
depression
anger
vigor
fatigue
confusion
36
Q

Profile of mood states (athletes are lower in every mood but vigor)

A 
tension
depression
anger
vigor
fatigue
confusion
37
Q

Coping

A

constantly changing cognitive & behavioral efforts to manage specific external and/or internal demands

38
Q

Problem Focused Coping Strategy

A

eliminate the root cause of stress response (i.e. drop out)

39
Q

Emotion Focused Coping Strategy

A

regulate emotions in order to reduce stress response (i.e. coping strategies)

40
Q

Dispositional Hypothesis

A

learned or trait way of coping with all stress related situations

41
Q

Dynamic Hypothesis

A

athletes’ coping responses are fluid (change from situation to situation)

42
Q

Self Talk

A

personal dialogue in which athlete interprets feelings, perceptions, convictions, and gives him/herself instructions and reinforcement

43
Q

Benefits of Self-talk

A 
Developing self-confidence
Focusing attention
Controlling arousal
Maintaining effort
Creating & changing mood
44
Q

Relaxation Strategies

A 
progressive relaxation
autogenic training
meditation
integrative mind body      training
biofeedback training
45
Q

Basic types of goals

A

outcome goals
performance goals
process goals

46
Q

Outcome goals

A

focus on the outcome (win vs lose); involve some sort of interpersonal comparison

47
Q

Performance goals

A

specify an end product of performance; gives an additional evaluation point (i.e. personal improvement)

48
Q

Process goals

A

focus on specific behaviors; improving a process (i.e. keep elbow in)

49
Q

Process Goal Paradox

A

a process goal may actually interfere with the smooth execution of a well learned motor skill

50
Q

Effectiveness of Goal Setting

A 
directed attention
effort mobilization
persistence
development of new learning strategies
increase in positive affect
51
Q

Characteristics of the elite athlete

A
  • confidence in ability
  • ability to adjust
  • prepared for distractions
  • coaches have realistic expectations
  • positive attitude
  • team unity
  • dont complain
52
Q

Mental toughness

A

the ability to cope better than your opponents & be more consistent

53
Q

Effectiveness of mental toughness

A

increase self-confidence, focusing attention, energizing effort. & enhance athletic performance

54
Q

Effectiveness of mental toughness

A

increase self-confidence, focusing attention, energizing effort. & enhance athletic performance

55
Q

Psychological methods

A

practices that lead to psychological skill

56
Q

Psychological skill

A

learned or innate characteristics of the athlete that make it possible or even likely that she will succeed in sport

57
Q

3 types of sport psychologists

A

research
educational
clinical/counseling

HHP 315 (2 decks)

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