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Mental Health > Final Exam Blueprint > Flashcards

Final Exam Blueprint Flashcards

1
Q

Most common complications of late stage NCD

A

-contractures, cannot move, cannot eat, cannot swallow, atrophy, cannot talk

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2
Q

Can clients with late stage NCD hear and see the outside world

A

yes

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3
Q

Nursing considerations for client in late stage NCD

A

-safety!
-learn how to effectively communicate with them

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4
Q

Expected MRI/CT findings for Alzheimer’s disease

A

-sulci begin to unfold
-changes to hippocampus (memory)
-changes to cerebral cortex
-amyloid-beta plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal damage

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5
Q

Area of the brain associated with impaired visuospatial skills

A

parietal lobes?

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6
Q

Opioid intoxication interventions

A

-safety is main priority (may need 1 on 1 observation)
-low stimuli environment
-monitor clients RR, BP and other VS

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7
Q

Symptoms of opioid intoxication

A

slurred speech, impaired memory, small pupils, decreased respirations, decreased LOC

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8
Q

What is the antidote for severe opioid intoxication

A

naloxone

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9
Q

What is disulfiram used for

A

maintaining abstinence from alcohol

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10
Q

Patient teaching for disulfiram

A

-avoid contact with any forms of alcohol (mouthwash, cough syrup, aftershave, hand sanitizer)
-wear a medical alert bracelet
-participate in a self-help program
-potential for acetylaldehyde syndrome (if alcohol is consumed)

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11
Q

Symptoms of acetaldehyde syndrome

A

N/V, sweating, palpitations, hypotension, respirator depression, cardiovascular suppression, seizures ,death

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12
Q

Recovery success in drug treatment

A
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13
Q

First 24 hours of alcohol withdrawal priority intervention

A

-begin treatment so we do not have tremens delirium
-seizure precautions

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14
Q

What medications treat alcohol withdrawal

A

benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants

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15
Q

Symptoms of alcohol delirium

A

hallucinations, severe disorientation, severe hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, delirium

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16
Q

What type of drug is risperidone

A

atypical antipsychotic

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17
Q

What type of disorders does risperidone treat

A

psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder)
-treats negative symptoms (5 A’s)

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18
Q

What are the 5 A’s?

A

-affect (blunted)
-alogia (poverty of thought or speech)
-anergia (lack of energy)
-anhedonia (lack of pleasure or joy)
-avolition (lack of motivation)

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19
Q

client education for risperidone

A

-report indications of metabolic syndrome (increased thirst, urination, appetite)
-monitor blood pressure and HR for orthostatic hypotension
-increase fiber, fluids, exercise (anticholinergic teaching)
-monitor for EPS symptoms
-sexual dysfunction can occur
-monitor for amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and gynecomastia
-avoid smoking
-avoid high and low temps
-avoid alcohol and OTC meds
-sunblock and protective clothing

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20
Q

Should respiridone be used in clients with dementia

A

no

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21
Q

We should tell those on risperidone to avoid

A

-drinking alcohol
-becoming pregnant/breastfeeding

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22
Q

What are the EPS symptoms clients on risperidone should monitor for

A

tardive dyskinesia, acute dystonia, Parkinsonism, dystonia, akathisia

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23
Q

What is tangentiality a symptom of

A

psychotic disorder

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24
Q

What is tangentiality

A

veering away from the topic of discussion and demonstrates difficulty In maintaining focus and attention

“Tangential thinking involves abrupt changes in subject matter that are unrelated to the initial topic”

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25
Q

What is meant by ‘prodromal symptoms’

A

early signs of a disease

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26
Q

Prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia

A

-depression, social withdrawal, cognitive impairment, OCD behaviors

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27
Q

When may ECT be utilized

A

depressive disorders, mania, schizophrenia

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28
Q

Nursing interventions before ECT

A

-CBC, urinalysis, ECG, X-ray
-maintain NPO status

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29
Q

Nursing interventions during ECT

A

-succhinylcholine given (prevent seizures)
-monitor airway and administer oxygen
- monitor patient has bite block during seizure

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30
Q

Nursing interventions following ECT

A

-monitor HR, BP, and RR q 15 min for first hour
-position patient on side
-stay with patient until they are awake
-assess patient for memory loss or decreased cardiovascular functioning

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31
Q

What factors increase a client’s risk for suicide

A

widows, sex (women attempt more, more men die by suicide), financial strain, previous suicide attempt, family member die by suicide, diagnosed mental illness, being a minority, veterans, disabled, certain occupations (physicians, law enforcement officers, dentists, insurance agents)

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32
Q

A client is more at risk for suicide if their plan is

A

-more detailed, availability of the plan to be carried out, more lethal

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33
Q

Risk to a client once antidepressants take effect

A

suicidal ideation

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34
Q

Lithium carbonate is used to treat what class of disorders

A

bipolar disorders

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35
Q

lithium carbonate dietary education

A

maintain a diet adequate in sodium, drink 1.5-3L of water a day

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36
Q

Most common comorbid disorder found in children before being diagnosed with bipolar disorder

A

ADHD

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37
Q

what are signs and symptoms of ADHD

A

short attention span, irritability, hyperactivity, accelerated speech, talk a lot

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38
Q

What is the cognitive theory of fear

A
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39
Q

What is the therapeutic technique of flooding

A

involves exposing the client to a great deal of an undesirable stimulus in an to turn off the anxiety resposne

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40
Q

the flooding therapeutic technique is useful for clients who have

A

phobias

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41
Q

which neurotransmitter causes hyperarousal and anxiety

A

GABA

42
Q

What are the two most common phobia disorders

A

agoraphobia, SAD (social anxiety disorder)

43
Q

What is agoraphobia

A

fear of not being able to escape

44
Q

What is social anxiety disorder

A

excessive fear someone may do something embarrassing/be judged/ negatively evaluated by others

45
Q

What is a crisis precipitated by normal life changes

A

crisis of anticipated life transitions

46
Q

example of a crisis precipitated by normal life changes

A

JT’s wife had a baby and quit her job. JT is having to work extra shifts

47
Q

Identify maladaptive responses to stress

A

adjustment disorder , self-harm, anger, substance abuse, withdrawal

48
Q

Function of self-help groups in trauma care

A

group experiences, with or without a professional facilitator. members of the group exchange advice, share coping strategies, and support one another

49
Q

How do members benefit from self-help groups

A

hope is derived from knowing that others have survived from similar traumas

50
Q

the focus of crisis care in a client with stress/trauma

A

assessing for suicidal behavior, maintaining client safety, restore adaptive functioning and promote personal growth,

51
Q

Which repressed emotion creates somatic and dissociative disorders

A

severe anxiety

52
Q

Which somatic and dissociative disorder is more prevalent in adolescents

A

conversion disorder

53
Q

What is the typical onset of DID

A

childhood, although the disorder may not be recognized until late adolescence or early adulthood

54
Q

goals for anorexia nervosa

A

-improved self-body image
-gradual weight increases
-small, frequent meals
-use of self-care activities
-attending individual or group therapy

55
Q

Bulimia nervosa assessment

A

-normal to slightly elevated bodyweight
-BMI 18.5-30
-Russels sign (callouses)
-low HR, BP, and body temp
-enlargement of parotid glands
-dental erosions
-hypokalemia

56
Q

Which disorders are strongly correlated to eating disorders

A

depression, personality disorders, substance use disorder, anxiety

57
Q

Borderline personality disorder

A

-always in a state of crisis
-frequent mood swings and changes in behacior
-affect = extreme intensity
-generate chaos , especially in interpersonal relationships
-inappropriate outbursts of anger

58
Q

What are some diagnostic criteria a patient must have to be diagnosed with BPD

A

-unstable self image
-self damaging or impulse behavior
-inappropriate anger
-recurrent SI, threats, or mutilation
-frantic effort to avoid abandonment
-unstable interpersonal relationships

59
Q

Common patterns of interaction with BPD

A

-clinging and distancing
-splitting (pitting staff against each other)
-self destructive behavior
-impulsivity (safety risk to themselves, staff, milieu)

60
Q

What is defensive coping

A

similar to acting out

61
Q

Defensive coping interventions

A

-explain acceptable vs unacceptable behaviors
-explain consequences of violation of limits
-be consistent with enforcing limits
-clear, concise, concrete
-specific rules and regulations for the environment

62
Q

Avoidant personality disorder

A

-awkward and uncomfortable in social situations
-perceived as timid, withdrawn
-sensitive, touchy, evasive
-speech is slow and constrained, frequently hesitate
-view others as critical/betraying/humiating

63
Q

Which avoidant personality disorder, do they desire close relationships?

A

yes

64
Q

Histrionic personality disorder

A

-colorful, dramatic, excitable
-require constant affirmation and acceptance
-engage in seductive, flirtatious behaviot
-manipulative behavior to be the center of attention
-easily influenced
-fleeting and superficial relationships… provocative and sexua l

65
Q

Obsessive compulsive personality disorder

A

-serious and formal demeanor
-overly discipled, perfectionistic, preoccupied with rules
-conscious of social ranking
-inflexible and rigid
-difficulty expressing emotions
-concerned with organization, efficiency, and procedure

66
Q

Dependent personality disorder

A

-lack of self-confidence, apparent in posture/voice/mannerisms
-passive and acquiscent to desires of others
-overly generous and thoughtful
-discouragement, dejection, and pessimism in silence BUT appears to see the world through ‘rose tinted glasses’

67
Q

paranoid personality disorder

A

-on guard, hypervigilant, ready for threat
-appear tense and irritable
-avoids other people
-do not accept responsibility for behaviors
-envois of success
-overly sensitive and misinterpret environmental clues

68
Q

Most common symptoms of personality disorders

A

-impairment in interpersonal relationship functions
-dysfunctions in thoughts, mood/affect, impulse control

68
Q

Antisocial personality disorder

A

-disregard and violation of rights of other (since age 15)
-failure to respect lawful behavior
-deceitfulness, lying
-impulsivity, failure to plan
-reckless disregard for the safety of others
-lacks remorse
-repeated fights/assaults
-failure to sustain consistent work

69
Q

What makes up someone’s personality

A

emotional and behavioral characteristics that are particular to a specific person
-remains someone stable ad predictable over time

70
Q

How do personality disorders develop

A

when there is a deviation in what is expected, behaviors go maladaptive, leads to distresses in life

71
Q

How is our personality developed

A

hereditary, temperament, experiential learning, social interaction

72
Q

Cluster A personality disorders will see behavior described as

A

odd, eccentric

73
Q

Which personality disorders are cluster A ?

A
74
Q

cluster B personality disorders will see behavior described as

A

dramatic, emotional, erratic

75
Q

Which personality disorders are cluster B?

A
76
Q

Symptoms of antisocial personality disorder we may see in children

A

abuse to other people or animals

77
Q

Antisocial personality disorder is more common in men or women

A

men

78
Q

Borderline personality disorder is more common in men or whomen

A

women

79
Q

Nursing interventions for self-mutilation

A

-frequent and close observation
-seek staff with experience
-care for wounds in a matter-of-fact manner
-encourage discussions about feeling
-act as a role model
-remove dangerous objects
-redirect with physical outlets
-ensure sufficient staff is available

80
Q

Schizoid personality disorder nursing diagnosis

A
80
Q

Characteristics of shizoid personality disorder

A

-profound defect in ability to form personal relationships
-eccentric, isolated, lonely
-lifelong pattern of social withdrawal
-engage in solitary activities/ be with animals
-work ion isolation and are unsociable, no desire for emotional ties
-unable to experience pleasure

81
Q

Factors impeding accurate assessment in children and adolescents

A

-language development. Children may not have language or cognitive skills to describe what is happening
-Children demonstrate a wide variety of normal
-difficult to distinguish if behavior indicates an emotional problem.

82
Q

What questions should we ask during assessment with a child?

A

ask everything about the birth and pregnancy. Ask about any complications that might of occurred for mom or baby

83
Q

What puts babies at higher risks for mental health disorders?

A

nutrition in womb and out, pre-mature birth, If mom used substances or alcohol while pregnant

84
Q

What is intellectual Developmental Disorder?

A

onset of deficits and impairments during the developmental period of infancy or childhood

85
Q

What four areas are effected by IDD?

A
86
Q

What are some characterisitcis of IDD?

A

impaired ability to maintain personal independence and social responsibility

87
Q

What areas are impaired with IDD?

A

daily living, social participation, and the need for ongoing support at school

88
Q
A
89
Q
A
90
Q

Pediatric PTSD

A

caused by experiancing, witnessingm or learning about something traumatic.

91
Q

Pediatric PTSD can lead to what kind of disorder?

A

conduct disorder

92
Q

Characterisitcs of Children with PTSD

A
93
Q

What is an event that can cause a trigger an obsession with death and could cause PTSD in children?

A

funerals

94
Q
A
95
Q
A
96
Q

Difference between Ped conduct disorder and Intermittent Explosive disorder?

A

conduct: destructive and harm things with no remorse

Explosive: harm but has remorse about it, more common in males 13-21

97
Q

Why do we normally not perscribe medicine for kids under 8 for mental health disorders?

A

There are black box warning for SI on anti-depressants, so we want to try therapy first

98
Q
A

Mental Health (4 decks)

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