communication types and examples Flashcards
restating
use clients exact words
reflection
directs the focus back to the client in order for the client to examine their feelings
paraphrasing
restate the clients feelings and thoughts for the client to confirm what gas been communicated
exploring
allows the nurse to gather more information regarding important topics mentioned by the client
offering general leads
encouarge the client to determine where the communication can start and to continue talking
showing acceptance
acknowledges the nurse’s interest and nonjudgmental attitude
focusing
helps client to concentrate on what is important
giving information
provides detail that the client might need for decision making
presenting reality
help client focus on what is actually happening and to dispel delusions, hallucinations, or faulty beliefs
summarizing
emphasizes important points and reviews what has been discussed.
offering-self
demonstrate willingness to spend time with the client. This indicates to the client that the nurse has genuine concern.
Sublimination
dealing with unacceptable feelings of impulse by unconsciously submitting acceptable forms of expression
example of sublimarion (adaptive)
person is angry towards their work supervisor and subimates those feelings by working out vigorously at the gym during lunch period
suppression
Voluntarily denying unpleasant thoughts and feelings
adaptive suppression example
student puts of thinking about a fight with friend so they can focus on exam
maladaptive suppression example
person loses job states they will worry about paying the bills next week
Repression
unconsciously putting unacceptable ideas, thoughts, and emotions out of awarness
adaptive repression
a person preparing to give a speech unconsciously forgets about the time when they were young and kids laughed at them on stage
Maladaptive repression
a person who has a fear of the dentist continually forgets to go to their dental appointments
Regression
sudden use of childlike or primitive behaviors that do not correlate with the person’s current developmental level
Adaptive regression
a young child temporarily wets the bed when they learn that their pet died
maladaptive regression
a person who has a disagreement with a co-worker begins throwing things at their office
displacement
shifting feelings related to an object, person, or situation to another less threatening object, person, situation.
adaptive displacement
an adolecent angrily punches a punching bag after losing a game
maladaptive displacement
a person who is angry about losing a job destroys a childs toy
Reaction formation adaptive
a person who is trying to quit smoking repeatedly talks to adolescents about dangers of nicotine
maldatpive reaction formation
person who resents having to care for an aging parent becomes overprotective and restricts their freedoms.
Altruism
dealing with anxiety by reaching out to others
a nurse who lost her family in a fire is now a volunteer firefighter
rationalization adaptive
a child says, “they must already have a boyfriend” when rejected by another child
maladaptive rationalization
young adults explains they had to drive home from a party after drinking alcohol because they had to feed the dog
adaptive dissociation
parent blocks out distracting noise of their children in order to focus while driving in traffic
maladaptive dissociation
a person forgets who they are following a sexual assault
denial adaptive
a person initally says, “no, that can’t be true” when told they have cancer
maladaptive denial
a parent who is informed that their child was killed in combat tells everyone one month later that child is coming home for holidays
compensation adaptive
an adolescent who is physically unable to play contact sports excels in academic competitions
identification adaptive
child with chronic illness pretends to be a nurse to their dolls
maladaptive compensation
a person who is shy learns computer skills to avoid socialization
maladaptive identifcation
child who observes their parent be abusive toward the other parent becomes a bully at school.
intellectualization adaptive
a law enforcement officer blocks out the emotional aspects of a crime so they can objectively focus on investigation
maladaptive intellecutalization
a person who learns they have a terminal illness focuses on creating a will and financial matters rather than addressing their grief
conversion maladaptive
a person experiences deafness after their partner tells them they want a divorce
splitting maladaptive
a client tells a nurse that the nurse is the only one who cares about them, yet the following day, the client refuses to talk to the nurse
projection maladaptive
a married client who is attracted to another person accuses their partner of having an affair
