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DAS LVN > Final Exam (all after exam 3) incomplete > Flashcards

Final Exam (all after exam 3) incomplete Flashcards

1
Q

abscess

A

collection of pus in a localized area.

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2
Q

accommodation

A

adjustment, as the

accommodation of the lens of the eye.

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3
Q

acuity

A

clearness; or a disorder’s level of severity; minimum level or need for healthcare services that must be met for a client to be admitted to an acute care facility.

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4
Q

acute disease

A

(acute illness) disease or illness that develops suddenly and runs its course in days or weeks; illnesses that interfere with the contin­uum for a short period of time.

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5
Q

anasarca

A

severe generalized edema, a result of abnormal fluid shifts.

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6
Q

auscultation

A

externally listening to

sounds from within the body to deter­ mine abnormal conditions, as auscul­ tation of blood pressure with a stethoscope

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7
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a sample of body

tissue or fluid for diagnostic exami­ nation, usually microscopic; most often used to detect the presence of cancer

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8
Q

Chronic disease

A

chronic illness: a disease of long dura­tion that generally manifests itself in an individual as recurring problems that tend to worsen in severity over time.

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9
Q

cognitive function

A

ability to think and reason

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10
Q

complication

A

an unexpected event in a disease’s course that delays a person’s recovery

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11
Q

conjunctivitis

A

commonly called pink eye; inflammation of the conjunctiva.

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12
Q

crackle

A

on auscultation, an abnormal discontinuous non-musical respira­tory sound heard on inspiration; for­merly called rale.

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13
Q

diplopia

A

double vision.

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14
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty in understanding or expressing language.

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15
Q

ecchymosis

A

bleeding into the tissues under the skin, leaving small bruises.

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16
Q

emaciation

A

a wasting away of the flesh, causing extreme leanness, starvation. (adj: emaciated)

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17
Q

endoscope

A

a tube-shaped, lighted
device used to visualize or operate on
hollow organs or within body cavities. Specialized endoscopes include the gastroscope, bronchoscope, and proctoscope. (Process of visualization using this tool is called endoscopy.)

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18
Q

erythema

A

skin redness produced by capillary congestion, as may follow a tuberculin test; bright red color asso­ciated with capillary dilation, can indicate fever or infection.

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19
Q

exudate

A

material that escapes from blood vessels and is deposited in tis­ sues or on tissue surfaces; usually contains protein substances.

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20
Q

fistula

A

an abnormal tubelike passage or channel, as an anal fistula or sinus tract.

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21
Q

granulation tissue

A

new tissue that forms when old destroyed tissue is sloughed off.

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22
Q

guaiac

A

stool examination for blood;

also known as Hemoccult

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23
Q

Hemoccult

A

stool examination for blood;

also known as guaiac

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24
Q

hemorrhage

A

excessive bleeding (inter­nal or external); escape of blood from non-intact blood vessels

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25
Q

herniation

A

hernia: abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through the structure usually containing it, as an inguinal hernia or hiatal hernia; rupture; condition is called herniation

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26
Q

Homans’ sign

A

a test for thrombo­phlebitis in which pain occurs behind the knee when the foot is hyperflexed upward (dorsiflexion).

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27
Q

induration

A

a hardened place, a lump, as in the skin in a positive reaction to a tuberculin test

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28
Q

infection

A

the invasion and multiplica­tion of infective agents in body tissues with a resultant reaction (illness or injury) to their presence and/or their toxins.

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29
Q

inflammation

A

a condition resulting from irritation in any body part, marked by pain, heat, redness, and swelling.

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30
Q

inspection

A

careful, close, and detailed

visual examination of a body part.

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31
Q

keloid

A

scar or scar tissue.

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32
Q

kyphosis

A

an abnormal increase

in the thoracic curvature of the spine, giving a hunchback appear­ance, commonly as a result of osteoporosis

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33
Q

lordosis

A

an abnormal increase in the

lumbar curvature of the spine; some­ times called swayback.

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34
Q

macule

A

macula: a fiat discolored spot on the

skin (also, macule); a dense scar of the cornea that can be seen without optical aids.

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35
Q

malaise

A

feeling of illness; general

bodily discomfort

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36
Q

necrosis

A

tissue death.

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37
Q

nodule

A

type of skin lesion appearing as

a small knot or protuberance

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38
Q

observation

A

assessment tool that relies

on the use of the five senses to discover objective information about the client.

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39
Q

pain

A

feeling of suffering, distress or agony, caused by stimulation of specialized nerve endings, a protective device of the body; a subjective sensation (reported by the client).

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40
Q

pallor

A

absence of skin pigment;

paleness

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41
Q

palpation

A

the act of feeling with the hand, placing the fingers on the skin to determine the condition of underlying parts.

42
Q

papule

A

a small, solid, circumscribed skin elevation, less than 0.5-1.0 em in diameter

43
Q

percussion

A

tapping a body part with
short sharp blows to elicit sounds or vibrations that aid in diagnosis; often refers to the use of a percussion ham­mer to elicit a reflex.

44
Q

primary disease

A

a disease that occurs independently, not related to another disease

45
Q

purulent

A

consisting of or secreting pus

46
Q

pustule

A

a small elevation of the skin filled with pus or lymph.

47
Q

rhonchi

A

rattling sounds in the throat that resemble snoring (singular, rhoncus).

48
Q

risk factor

A

a factor that increases a

person’s likelihood of developing a certain disease

49
Q

scoliosis

A

lateral curvature of the normally straight, vertical line of the spine, sometimes is
S-shaped (“curvature of the spine”).

50
Q

secondary disease

A

a disease that directly results from or depends on another disease.

51
Q

sequela

A

an illness or injury that follows

as a direct result of a previous condi­tion or event

52
Q

serosanguinous

A

fluid drainage com­posed of serum and blood.

53
Q

serous

A

containing clear fluid; drainage made up of serum.

54
Q

sign

A

objective evidence of disease that
another person can note (as opposed
to symptom, which only the client can describe

55
Q

slough

A

pronounced (sloff): to shed; to cast off (noun:

slough-a mass of dead tissue).

56
Q

Spirometry

A

instrument for determining the capacity of the lungs

57
Q

strabismus

A

a deviation of the eye;
squint. (Convergent strabismus is called cross-eye; divergent strabismus is called exotropia or walleye. Other types include cyclotropia, esotropia, hypertropia, and hypotropia.)

58
Q

striae

A

stretch marks

59
Q

stridor

A

a shrill and harsh sound (usually refers to the inspiratory sound that occurs when the larynx is obstructed).

60
Q

suppuration

A

formation or discharge of

pus (adj: suppurative).

61
Q

symptoms

A

indications of disease or ill­

ness that are noticed by the client, e.g. fatigue, nausea, or malaise; subjective observations. See also Signs.

62
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

formation of a blood clot in a vein, with inflammation.

63
Q

tumor

A

an abnormal new tissue growth

that has no physiologic use and grows independent of its surrounding struc­tures. May be benign or malignant.

64
Q

turgor

A

skin resiliency and plumpness; also called skin turgor.

65
Q

ulcer

A

open sore on an external or inter­nal body surface that causes gradual disintegration of tissues, often an ulcer of the stomach (peptic ulcer) or a pressure sore (decubitus ulcer).

66
Q

vesicle

A

small sac containing liquid;

small blister

67
Q

wheal

A

a smooth, slightly elevated skin area, usually pale in the center with a reddened periphery, often accompa­nied by severe itching when caused by an allergic reaction; small eleva­tion caused by injection of an intra­ dermal medication, such as the PPD test for tuberculosis or other skin test

68
Q

wound sinus

A

canal or passage leading to an abscess.

69
Q

ABG

A

arterial blood gas

70
Q

CAM

A

complementary and alternative medicine

71
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

72
Q

CMG

A

cystometrogram

73
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

74
Q

CT/CAT

A

CT: computed tomography
CAT: computerized adaptive testing: computerized axial tomography

75
Q

DEXA

A

not in app b

76
Q

E-CAT

A

not in app b

77
Q

ECG

A

electrocardiogram (also EKG)

78
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram (elecroencephalography)

79
Q

EKG

A

electrocardiogram (also ECG)

80
Q

EMG

A

electromyogram

81
Q

ENG

A

electronystagmography

82
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

83
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

84
Q

KUB

A

kidney-ureters-bladder x-ray

85
Q

LOC

A

level of consciousness

86
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

87
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imagine

88
Q

MUGA

A

not in app b

89
Q

O&P

A

ova (eggs) & parasites

90
Q

PERRLA+C

A 
Pupils equal
round
react to light
accommodation ok
and coordinated
91
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography scan

92
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test

93
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

94
Q

SDB

A

not in app b

95
Q

SPECT

A

single photon emission computed tomography

96
Q

T&X

A

type and cross match

97
Q

UA

A

urinalysis

98
Q

UPP

A

urethral pressure profile

99
Q

UPT

A

urine pregnancy test

100
Q

US

A

ultrasound

101
Q

UTox

A

urine toxology screen (for drugs)

DAS LVN (2 decks)

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