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DAS LVN > Final Exam (all after exam 3) incomplete > Flashcards

Final Exam (all after exam 3) incomplete Flashcards

1
Q

abscess

A

collection of pus in a localized area.

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2
Q

accommodation

A

adjustment, as the

accommodation of the lens of the eye.

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3
Q

acuity

A

clearness; or a disorder’s level of severity; minimum level or need for healthcare services that must be met for a client to be admitted to an acute care facility.

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4
Q

acute disease

A

(acute illness) disease or illness that develops suddenly and runs its course in days or weeks; illnesses that interfere with the contin­uum for a short period of time.

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5
Q

anasarca

A

severe generalized edema, a result of abnormal fluid shifts.

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6
Q

auscultation

A

externally listening to

sounds from within the body to deter­ mine abnormal conditions, as auscul­ tation of blood pressure with a stethoscope

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7
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a sample of body

tissue or fluid for diagnostic exami­ nation, usually microscopic; most often used to detect the presence of cancer

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8
Q

Chronic disease

A

chronic illness: a disease of long dura­tion that generally manifests itself in an individual as recurring problems that tend to worsen in severity over time.

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9
Q

cognitive function

A

ability to think and reason

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10
Q

complication

A

an unexpected event in a disease’s course that delays a person’s recovery

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11
Q

conjunctivitis

A

commonly called pink eye; inflammation of the conjunctiva.

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12
Q

crackle

A

on auscultation, an abnormal discontinuous non-musical respira­tory sound heard on inspiration; for­merly called rale.

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13
Q

diplopia

A

double vision.

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14
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty in understanding or expressing language.

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15
Q

ecchymosis

A

bleeding into the tissues under the skin, leaving small bruises.

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16
Q

emaciation

A

a wasting away of the flesh, causing extreme leanness, starvation. (adj: emaciated)

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17
Q

endoscope

A

a tube-shaped, lighted
device used to visualize or operate on
hollow organs or within body cavities. Specialized endoscopes include the gastroscope, bronchoscope, and proctoscope. (Process of visualization using this tool is called endoscopy.)

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18
Q

erythema

A

skin redness produced by capillary congestion, as may follow a tuberculin test; bright red color asso­ciated with capillary dilation, can indicate fever or infection.

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19
Q

exudate

A

material that escapes from blood vessels and is deposited in tis­ sues or on tissue surfaces; usually contains protein substances.

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20
Q

fistula

A

an abnormal tubelike passage or channel, as an anal fistula or sinus tract.

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21
Q

granulation tissue

A

new tissue that forms when old destroyed tissue is sloughed off.

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22
Q

guaiac

A

stool examination for blood;

also known as Hemoccult

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23
Q

Hemoccult

A

stool examination for blood;

also known as guaiac

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24
Q

hemorrhage

A

excessive bleeding (inter­nal or external); escape of blood from non-intact blood vessels

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25
herniation
hernia: abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through the structure usually containing it, as an inguinal hernia or hiatal hernia; rupture; condition is called herniation
26
Homans' sign
a test for thrombo­phlebitis in which pain occurs behind the knee when the foot is hyperflexed upward (dorsiflexion).
27
induration
a hardened place, a lump, as in the skin in a positive reaction to a tuberculin test
28
infection
the invasion and multiplica­tion of infective agents in body tissues with a resultant reaction (illness or injury) to their presence and/or their toxins.
29
inflammation
a condition resulting from irritation in any body part, marked by pain, heat, redness, and swelling.
30
inspection
careful, close, and detailed | visual examination of a body part.
31
keloid
scar or scar tissue.
32
kyphosis
an abnormal increase | in the thoracic curvature of the spine, giving a hunchback appear­ance, commonly as a result of osteoporosis
33
lordosis
an abnormal increase in the | lumbar curvature of the spine; some­ times called swayback.
34
macule
macula: a fiat discolored spot on the | skin (also, macule); a dense scar of the cornea that can be seen without optical aids.
35
malaise
feeling of illness; general | bodily discomfort
36
necrosis
tissue death.
37
nodule
type of skin lesion appearing as | a small knot or protuberance
38
observation
assessment tool that relies | on the use of the five senses to discover objective information about the client.
39
pain
feeling of suffering, distress or agony, caused by stimulation of specialized nerve endings, a protective device of the body; a subjective sensation (reported by the client).
40
pallor
absence of skin pigment; | paleness
41
palpation
the act of feeling with the hand, placing the fingers on the skin to determine the condition of underlying parts.
42
papule
a small, solid, circumscribed skin elevation, less than 0.5-1.0 em in diameter
43
percussion
tapping a body part with short sharp blows to elicit sounds or vibrations that aid in diagnosis; often refers to the use of a percussion ham­mer to elicit a reflex.
44
primary disease
a disease that occurs independently, not related to another disease
45
purulent
consisting of or secreting pus
46
pustule
a small elevation of the skin filled with pus or lymph.
47
rhonchi
rattling sounds in the throat that resemble snoring (singular, rhoncus).
48
risk factor
a factor that increases a | person's likelihood of developing a certain disease
49
scoliosis
lateral curvature of the normally straight, vertical line of the spine, sometimes is S-shaped ("curvature of the spine").
50
secondary disease
a disease that directly results from or depends on another disease.
51
sequela
an illness or injury that follows | as a direct result of a previous condi­tion or event
52
serosanguinous
fluid drainage com­posed of serum and blood.
53
serous
containing clear fluid; drainage made up of serum.
54
sign
objective evidence of disease that another person can note (as opposed to symptom, which only the client can describe
55
slough
pronounced (sloff): to shed; to cast off (noun: | slough-a mass of dead tissue).
56
Spirometry
instrument for determining the capacity of the lungs
57
strabismus
a deviation of the eye; squint. (Convergent strabismus is called cross-eye; divergent strabismus is called exotropia or walleye. Other types include cyclotropia, esotropia, hypertropia, and hypotropia.)
58
striae
stretch marks
59
stridor
a shrill and harsh sound (usually refers to the inspiratory sound that occurs when the larynx is obstructed).
60
suppuration
formation or discharge of | pus (adj: suppurative).
61
symptoms
indications of disease or ill­ | ness that are noticed by the client, e.g. fatigue, nausea, or malaise; subjective observations. See also Signs.
62
thrombophlebitis
formation of a blood clot in a vein, with inflammation.
63
tumor
an abnormal new tissue growth | that has no physiologic use and grows independent of its surrounding struc­tures. May be benign or malignant.
64
turgor
skin resiliency and plumpness; also called skin turgor.
65
ulcer
open sore on an external or inter­nal body surface that causes gradual disintegration of tissues, often an ulcer of the stomach (peptic ulcer) or a pressure sore (decubitus ulcer).
66
vesicle
small sac containing liquid; | small blister
67
wheal
a smooth, slightly elevated skin area, usually pale in the center with a reddened periphery, often accompa­nied by severe itching when caused by an allergic reaction; small eleva­tion caused by injection of an intra­ dermal medication, such as the PPD test for tuberculosis or other skin test
68
wound sinus
canal or passage leading to an abscess.
69
ABG
arterial blood gas
70
CAM
complementary and alternative medicine
71
CBC
complete blood count
72
CMG
cystometrogram
73
C&S
culture and sensitivity
74
CT/CAT
CT: computed tomography CAT: computerized adaptive testing: computerized axial tomography
75
DEXA
not in app b
76
E-CAT
not in app b
77
ECG
electrocardiogram (also EKG)
78
EEG
electroencephalogram (elecroencephalography)
79
EKG
electrocardiogram (also ECG)
80
EMG
electromyogram
81
ENG
electronystagmography
82
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
83
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
84
KUB
kidney-ureters-bladder x-ray
85
LOC
level of consciousness
86
LP
lumbar puncture
87
MRI
magnetic resonance imagine
88
MUGA
not in app b
89
O&P
ova (eggs) & parasites
90
PERRLA+C
``` Pupils equal round react to light accommodation ok and coordinated ```
91
PET
positron emission tomography scan
92
PFT
pulmonary function test
93
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
94
SDB
not in app b
95
SPECT
single photon emission computed tomography
96
T&X
type and cross match
97
UA
urinalysis
98
UPP
urethral pressure profile
99
UPT
urine pregnancy test
100
US
ultrasound
101
UTox
urine toxology screen (for drugs)

DAS LVN (2 decks)

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