Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophysiology > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

1
Q

Intercellular space H20

A

Most total body water is in the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Extracellular space

A

B/w cells and bv

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

concentration of k/na inside cell & outside the cell

A

Less NA more K inside cell

more NA less K outside cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Renin (RAAS)

A

Kidneys release in response to sensing low BP

Retains NA/H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ADH

A

Released by anterior pituitary in response to increased osmolarity and decrease BV
Concentrates urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Acquired immunity memory/peptides/protection

A

specific/antibodies/lymphocyts & antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Acute inflammation

A

Pain stimulated nerve endings, warmth (vasodiation) , redness (vasodialtion) , swelling vascular edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

IgG/IgA/IgM/IgE

A

Given to child from mother
In the body secretions
First to arrive during primary response
Allergic reaction response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

LPS

A

Endotoxin stimulates inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lab values

A

pH-7.35-7.45
CO 35-45
HCO3 20-24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Metabolic acidosis

A 
Excessive acid build-up or bicarb loss 
due to lactic acid, ketoacidosis, or diarrhea 
Anion gap helps find underlying cause
PH low 
Bicarb low
CO2 normal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Metabolic alkalosis

A

loss of acid from blood
high pH
normal CO2
high bicarb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Components of blood

A

55% plasma (proteins, water, solutes)

45% formed elements (99% rbcs, platelets, wbcs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

NLMEB

A 
Neutrophils 60%
Lymphocytes 20%
Monocytes 3
Esosinophils 2
basophils 1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Urethritis

A

When the urethra becomes inflammed by bacterial sti or trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Balantitis

A

Infection of the skin on the glands penis most common in diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Phimosis

A

Skin is stuck over glands penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Paraphimosis

A

Skin is stuck behind GP and is a medical emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Paraphimosis

A

Skin is stuck behind GP and is a medical emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Peyronies

A

Plaque build up due to trauma or family hx

causes curvature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Priapism

A

An unwanted erection lasting more than 4 hrs medical emergency

22
Q

ED

A

Physical or pyschologic factors that impairs erection sexual function and sexual desire

23
Q

BPH

A

symptoms similar to urethral compression

dx: digital rectal exams, PSA monitoring

24
Q

Prostate cancer

A

Dx: digital exam and PSA test

confirm via bx

25
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Intracellular gram neg bacteria, invades and destroys host cell, very hard to culture

26
Q

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Bacterium evades immune destruction but has a very strong neutrophilic response, damage tissue and cells leak out as pus

27
Q

Liver function

A

Removes toxic substances, produces proteins, fights infection, produces most clotting factors, immunity against infection

28
Q

Liver function

A

Removes toxic substances, produces proteins, fights infection, produces most clotting factors, immunity against infection

29
Q

Gallbladder

A

Store and concentrate bile that isn’t being used

30
Q

Bile function

A

Break down fats and drain liver waste products into duodenum

31
Q

Pancreatic exocrine function

A

Secretion of digestive enzymes
carbs-amylase
fats- pancreatic lipase
proteins- trypsin

32
Q

Bicarbonate secretion in pancreas

A

neutralizes chime in duodenum, stimulated by secretin

33
Q

Hematemesis

A

Upper GI bleed, frank blood is active bleed,

coffee grounds mixed w. gastrin

34
Q

Melena

A

Upper GI bleed (black or tarry stool)

35
Q

Hemotochezia

A

BRBPR

Lower GI bleed

36
Q

adhesions

A

when the looks of the loops of the intestines adhere to each others

37
Q

Volvus

A

When the loop of intestine twists

38
Q

Intussusception

A

when the bowl slips inside itself

39
Q

Peptic ulcer disease

A

Chronic mucosal ulceration in the stomach and duodenum, theres an imbalance bw mucosal defense mechanisms and damaging forces

40
Q

Gastric Ulcers

A

pain mmediately after eating, loss of weight, women

41
Q

Duodenal ulcers

A

Pain after 2-5 hours, feels better after eating, weight gain is often seen here, most common in men

42
Q

Pyloric stenosis

A

Fibrotic tissue is at the pyloric sphincter
early satiety is a sign
PUD can be the cause

43
Q

Acute gastritis

A

inflammation of gastric mucousa, H pylori can be the cause of the non errosive one

44
Q

Chronic gastritis

A

Defined as the presence of chronic mucosal inflammatory changes leading eventually to mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia

45
Q

IBD

A

Cause by inappropiate immune inflammation in the gastric mucosa it is an umbrella term that has crohns disease/ulcerative collitis

46
Q

Chrons disease

A

Spots throughout the intestines
xray shows string
surgery for complications
crampy ab pain

47
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

spread throughout
xray shows thicker tube
surgey is curative
blood diahreea

48
Q

Spacisticity

A

hyperexcitivity of stretch reflexes

49
Q

Hypertonia

A

increased muscle tone

50
Q

paratonia

A

resistance to passive movement

51
Q

dystonia

A

increased involuntary muscle contraction

52
Q

rigidity

A

tense firm muscles and constant involuntary muscle contraction

Pathophysiology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions