Final exam Flashcards
what is enzymology
the study of enzyme
what are ribozymes ?
RNA with enzymatic activity
what does oxidoreductases do?
oxidation-reduction reaction
What type of reaction does transferases do?
transfer of functional group
What type of function does hydrolases do?
hydrolysis reaction
What type of reaction does lysases catalyze
group elimination to form double bonds
What type of reaction does isomerases catalyzed
Isomerization
what type of reaction does ligases catalyze
bond formation coupled with ATP hydrolysis
Which forces bind substrate and enzymes? What is geometric complementary and induced fit?
non covalent forces bind enzymes and substrate. The enzyme binding site is complementary to the substrate that creates geometric complementary, but also changes shape. this process is called induced fit.
which is more specific stereospecificity or geometric specificity?
geometric specificity is more specific than stereospecificity
What are the four types of cofactors?
cofactors can be metal ions or be organic molecules known as coenzymes or only briefly associated with they enzyme called cosubstrates. other cofactors are presently associated by covalent bonds called prosthetic group.
What are some examples of prosthetic group, and cosubstrates?
NAD and NADP are cosubstraes. A heme group with cytochromes are examples of prosthetic group.
What does a smaller delta G+ mean? How does catalysts effects it? What is the rate determining step? What happens when delta G is less than 0? Can enzymes alter delta G?
the smaller delta G + is, the slower the reaction. In a two step reaction, the highest peak is the rate determine step. Catalysts reduce the delta G.+if delta G is less than 0, it spontaneously proceeds to the products and vice versa. enzymes cannot alter delta G reaction, only delta G+
