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Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Physical patterns of growth: infancy lifespan (4)

A
  1. Gross motor skills
  2. Patterns of growth (cephalocaudal proximal distal)
  3. Dendrites
  4. Transient Exuberance
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2
Q

Cognitive patterns of growth: infancy lifespan (4)

A
  1. Object permanence
  2. Phonemes
  3. Morphemes
  4. Holophrases
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3
Q

Social patterns of growth: infancy lifespan (3)

A
  1. Synchrony
  2. Secure/Attachment
  3. Social Referencing
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4
Q

Physical patterns of growth: early childhood lifespan (4)

A
  1. Fine motor skills
  2. Corpus Collosum improves coordination
  3. Myelination of Axons increases Brain weight
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5
Q

Cognitive patterns of growth: early childhood lifespan (4)

A
  1. Symbolic Thought
  2. Syntax
  3. Semantics + Pragmatics
  4. Private Speech
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6
Q

Social patterns of growth: early childhood lifespan (4)

A
  1. Empathy
  2. Emotional regulation
  3. Pro-social behavior
  4. Anti-social behavior
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7
Q

Physical patterns of growth: middle childhood lifespan (4)

A
  1. Pruning
  2. Reaction Time
  3. Selective attention
  4. Aptititude
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8
Q

Cognitive patterns of growth: middle childhood lifespan

A
  1. Exec. Function
  2. Control Processes
  3. Information Processing
  4. Classification and Seriation
  5. Automatization
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9
Q

Social patterns of growth: middle childhood lifespan

A
  1. Child culture
  2. Social comparison
  3. Moral reasoning
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10
Q

Physical patterns of growth: adolescent lifespan

A
  1. Hypothalamus
  2. Sex hormones
  3. Amygdala
  4. Prefrontal cortex
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11
Q

Cognitive patterns of growth: adolescent lifespan

A
  1. Adolescent ego-centrism
  2. Hypothetical thinking
  3. Dual processing
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12
Q

Social patterns of growth: adolescent lifespan

A
  1. Identity achievement
  2. Role confusion
  3. Foreclosure
  4. Moratorium
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13
Q

Physical patterns of growth: early adulthood lifespan

A
  1. Positive category of symptoms
  2. Negative Category of symptoms
  3. Cognitive Category of symptoms
  4. Most commonly diagnosed mental illnesses
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14
Q

Cognitive patterns of growth: early adulthood lifespan

A
  1. Dialectical thought
  2. Post formal thought
  3. Objective vs Subjective
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15
Q

Social patterns of growth: early adulthood lifespan

A
  1. Linked lives
  2. Homogamy
  3. Helicopter parent
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16
Q

Physical patterns of growth: adulthood lifespan

A
  1. Senesence
  2. Sensory System declines
  3. farsightedness
  4. Presbycusis
  5. Menopause
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17
Q

Cognitive patterns of growth: adulthood lifespan (2)

A
  1. Selective optimization and compensation

2. Expertise

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18
Q

Social patterns of growth: adulthood lifespan

A
  1. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
  2. self actualization
  3. sandwich generation
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19
Q

Physical patterns of growth: late adulthood lifespan

A
  1. Chronological Age
  2. Functional Aging
  3. Cellular Clock Perspective
  4. Brain Death
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20
Q

Cognitive patterns of growth: late adulthood lifespan

A
  1. Neurocognitive disorder
  2. Short term memory
  3. Explicit long term memory
  4. Implicit short term memory
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21
Q

Social patterns of growth: late adulthood lifespan

A
  1. Palliative care
  2. bereavement
  3. Dual process-model of coping with bereavement
  4. Loss-oriented stressors
  5. Restoration oriented stressors
  6. Complicated grief
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22
Q

Infancy intro

A

the body grows, the senses develop, and with those changes babies become aware of their bodies, the world and the people in it. Infants crave stimulation on the physical cognitive and social level to develop these areas.

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23
Q

Gross motor skills

A

large movements made with the body arms or legs

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24
Q

Patterns of growth

A

cephalocaudal and proximal distal

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25
Q

Dendrites

A

branched nerve cells

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26
Q

Transient Exuberance

A

Growth stage in which dendrites proliferate rapidly for a short period

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27
Q

Object permanence

A

Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even if they cannot be perceived

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28
Q

Phonemes

A

the smallest meaningful units of sound

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29
Q

Morphemes

A

Simple words

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30
Q

Holophrases

A

Words used to convey the meanings of sentences

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31
Q

Synchrony

A

Put simply, the parent must demonstrate explicit and implicit responsiveness to their child.

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32
Q

Secure/Attachment

A

Attachment is essentially an infants trust that their parent will meet their primary physical and emotional needs.

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33
Q

Social Referencing

A

(deferring to the affective displays of the caregiver) in new or strange situations to receive comfort and confidence.

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34
Q

Early Childhood Intro

A

Piaget’s favorite age, he deemed this age group the “little scientist”, this is a stage in which children use their senses to explore and learn in a straightforward, rather empirical manner.

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35
Q

Fine motor skills

A

Dexterity

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36
Q

Corpus Collosum

A

a thick band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain, allowing for lateralization of the brain = physical coordination

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37
Q

Axons

A

threadlike part of a nerve the conducts impulses

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38
Q

___1___ increases as axons of dendrites become ___2___ (2B)

A
  1. Brain weight 2. myelinated 2B. (coated with fat)
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39
Q

Symbolic Thought

A

Symbolic thought allows a child to think in symbols, such as words or pictographs referencing unseen concepts.

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40
Q

Syntax

A

formation of sentences w words

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41
Q

Semantics + Pragmatics

A

This means they grasp both the literal meaning of sentences and the contextual meaning

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42
Q

Private Speech

A

internal dialogue, used to explain events to themselves, exercising their symbolic thinking and aiding in retention of said unseen things.

43
Q

Empathy

A

an understanding of other peoples feelings

44
Q

Emotional regulation

A

the ability to control when and how emotions are expressed

45
Q

Pro-social behavior

A

Pro-social behavior is kindness, helpfulness, or patience, without any obvious personal benefit

46
Q

Anti-scoail behavior

A

actions which are intended to cause physical or emotional harm.

47
Q

Middle Childhood Intro

A

During middle childhood, children have more athletic proportions and motor skills continue to improve. Dendritic growth in the brain slows, but pruning (technically begins in early childhood) continues

48
Q

Pruning

A

the shriveling and elimination of unnecessary synapses and it is a process that continues into adolescence

49
Q

Reaction Time

A

the time it takes to respond to a stimulus

50
Q

Selective attention

A

focus

51
Q

Aptititude

A

the potential to master specific skill or knowledge,

52
Q

Exec. Function

A

the ability to plan and analyze and execute

53
Q

Control Processes

A

emotional regulation and executive function

54
Q

Information Processing

A

the process of acquisition, recording, organization, retrieval, display, and dissemination of information

55
Q

Classification and Seriation

A

organizing things into groups or series

56
Q

Automatization

A

the cultivation of an automated skill through repetition. For example, automatization is useful when learning to read or count.

57
Q

Child culture

A

the customs rules and rituals of children

58
Q

Social comparison

A

comparing oneself to others to develop self concept

59
Q

Moral reasoning

A

the application of empathy and logic to moral dilemmas they encounter.

60
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Secretes hormones Hormones that cause a chain reaction stimulating many hormones including the sex hormones.

61
Q

Sex hormones

A

stimulate growth, and sexual differenciation in the form of primary and secondary sex characteristics.

62
Q

Amygdala

A

the instinctual and emotional area of the brain

63
Q

Prefrontal cortex

A

the analytic area of the brain

64
Q

Adolescent ego-centrism

A

a state of intense self-consciousness

65
Q

Hypothetical thinking

A

Hypothetical thinking is the ability to make deductions based on observations that may not be based in reality.

66
Q

Dual processing

A

the notion that the brain processes stimuli/emotions and analytical reasoning separately.

67
Q

Identity achievement

A

a considered mediation between the many values imposed on teenagers by parents, peer pressure, and culture.

68
Q

Role confusion

A

how to synthesize or discard a religious identity with a political identity or perhaps a gender identity?

69
Q

Foreclosure

A

the acceptance of traditional roles and values without much thoughtful consideration.

70
Q

Moratorium

A

an exploration of many identities which often continues into emerging adolescence.

71
Q

Emerging Adulthood Intro

A

Emerging adulthood is when most have reached full physical development. Emerging adults are relatively physically healthy, though there is a higher incidence of mental illness than in any other lifespan. These problems may begin early but the stresses of this newly independent stage may exacerbate them.

72
Q

Positive category of symptoms

A

overt, noticeably atypical behaviors

73
Q

Negative Category of symptoms

A

less obvious behavior that inhibits the ability to engage

74
Q

Cognitive Category of symptoms

A

internal, cognitive symptoms

75
Q

Most commonly diagnosed mental illnesses

A

depressive and anxiety disorders, or Schizophrenia.

76
Q

Dialectical thought

A

both thesis (an idea) and antithesis (an opposing idea), can be considered simultaneously or synthesized into an entirely new idea.

77
Q

Post formal thought

A

a flexible and comprehensive approach to problem solving.

78
Q

Objective vs Subjective

A

abstract impersonal knowledge vs. experience intuition

79
Q

Linked lives

A

they are not fully independent, and parents often still have a hand in their growth and success

80
Q

Homogamy

A

the choosing of romantic partners within similar ethnicity, religion or socioeconomic background

81
Q

Helicopter parent

A

parents impede maturation of their offspring through micromanagement.

82
Q

Senesence

A

Aging

83
Q

Sensory System declines

A

Declines with each passing decade, includes farsightedness and presbycusis

84
Q

Presbycusis

A

loss of the ability to hear sounds of high frequency

85
Q

Menopause

A

losing their reproductive ability as they are no longer have gametes, unlike men, who continue producing them.

86
Q

Selective optimization and compensation

A

willfully choosing to optimize their development despite these setbacks

87
Q

Expertise

A

a product of accumulated knowledge and experience that results in thinking that is intuitive, automatic, strategic, and flexible.

88
Q

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A

each individual must first fulfill ones needs in the specific order of 1. Physiological Survival 2. Security (Physical and financial) 3. Love and belonging 4. Esteem building and last, 5. Self actualization.

89
Q

self actualization

A

the process of fulfilling ones unique potential outside of ones own necessities

90
Q

Chronological Age

A

measured by time spent alive.

91
Q

Functional Aging

A

the ability of the mind and body to perform tasks.

92
Q

Cellular Clock Perspective

A

functional aging is caused by the shortening of telomeres (portion of chromosome) impeding the mitosis of biological cells.

93
Q

Brain Death

A

the irreversible cessation of brain function, is the last step of development.

94
Q

Neurocognitive disorder

A

a disease that affects their ability to remember, analyze, and interact

95
Q

Short term memory

A

temporarily stored information not intended for long term encoding

96
Q

Explicit long term memory

A

conscious recollected thoughts

97
Q

Implicit short term memory

A

unconscious or automatic behavior

98
Q

Palliative care

A

specialized medical care to alleviate any uncomfortable symptoms and spend time with family

99
Q

bereavement

A

a cognitive state one experiences when one loses someone they care about.

100
Q

Dual process-model of coping with bereavement

A

managing both loss-oriented stressors and restoration-oriented

101
Q

Loss-oriented stressors

A

Mourning

102
Q

Restoration oriented stressors

A

recovery and acceptance

103
Q

Complicated grief

A

Failure to fully recover from bereavement

Dev Psych (2 decks)

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