Final Exam Flashcards
Information System
tools and processes that allow you to acquire, analyze, organize and manage information.
Protocol
rule or procedures
information
when we take data and process it to make decisions
systems thinking
thinking about the internal and external environment and how it effects your thinking
internal
everything that you put into a computer
exernal
everything that the computer displays
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)
an information system that is ONE system for the whole organization (Oracle/Microsoft) -> a centralized data source
requirement gaps for ERP
ERPs do not always meet all of the requirements of an organization
Evaluating Processes
Do the processes use resources efficiently? is the process effectively achieving its goal?
Improving Processes
Changing the structure and adding resources to improve a process
WAN (Wide Area Network)
a network that connects LANs together (USES TELECOM PROVIDER)
LAN (Local Area Network)
doesn’t use a telecom provider and is used at a single geographic location
PAN
a type of LAN that connects devices in the shortest and most personal route (a persons mobile device)
Characteristics of a packet switched network
- most efficient (quickest and least redundancy)
- more survivable than packet switched networks
- multiple paths for sender and reciver
Volatile RAM
if you turn power off everything disappears
Temporary RAM
requires power to contain information
examples of operating systems
windows and apple
open source software
linex -> limitations are that they have no IT or customer support
objects of a relational database
1) table/file = a group of similar rows or records
2) record = rows (side to side)
3) attribute/columns/fields = up and down
ERD
drawing or visual that shows the relationship table and entity relationship diagram for a database
Foreign Key
a field on one table that uniquely identifies a row on another table
redunancy
store pieces of data more than once in a database
data mining
applying algorithm software to look for patterns/correlations in a database
datawarehouse
a separate database from the operational database where you can store and access queries
data mart
addresses a particular area/component of an organization (sorts, filters, groups, formats)
primary key
cannot be replicated -> a column that identifies a row
steering committee
looking for future connection -> senior leaders plan for the future of the company
users included in planning
IT managers always consider the needs of users and how to improve it
systems development life cycle
1) figuring out what you have to do is most difficult and important
2) maintenance is most expensive
project management constraints
time
cost
scope -> requirments
goal of marketers
make you feel apart of a community
business vs. consumers
businesses are more rational than consumers
competitive advantage
being either the cheapest (focus on costs) or the most differentiated (focus on product development) product compared to competition
what is the biggest security threat
current and former employees
necessary and not necessary aspects to be a good collaborator
necessary = good communication/do their part
not necessary = being liked/well known/experienced
system analyst
evaluate analyzing systems and how they are supporting the processes
system
IT/Information systems that support a process
business analyst
evaluate business processes
business
process/process management
value chain
all the processes that have to be done to create a good or service
primary activity
operations, logistics, marketing, sales, production
secondary activity
activities necessary to exist like general overhead and legal
bull whip effect
slight change in supply/demand can cause massive change in manufacturing and other processes
Porters 5 factors
1) suppliers
2) buyers
3) industry rivalry
4) substitutes
5) threat of new entry
monopoly
1 supplier for the whole market (electric company)
oligopoly
few large suppliers dominate the market (car business)
monopolistic competition
lots of suppliers with identical products but differentiated (restaurants)
how long does a copy right last
the lifetime of the author then 70 years
trademarks
forever as long as it is in use
patents
20 years
evaluating IT job applicants
- legal standards
- education
- experience
- certificates
sarbanes oxley act
tightened the accounting and auditing rules for publicly traded companies
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act 1974
provides access to school records and limits access to unauthorized persons.
Electronic Communications Privacy Act 1986
extends the privacy protections of mail to electronic communications.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998
aimed at enforcing copyright law in the realm of digital media.
No Electronic Theft Act 1997
prohibits the distribution of copyrighted material via the Internet
big data
- huge volume
- rapid increase in data
- wide variety (different types of data)
