Final Exam Flashcards
What type of war was the Cold War?
An Ideological War
This type of war was a struggle for the hearts and minds of people. And stems from the ideological differences between democracy and communism.
Ideological War
A conflict that was between the United States and the Soviet Union after WW II. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield, but deadly threats went on for years from 1945 until 1989. What was the name of this war?
The Cold War
He became president of the United States when Franklin D. Roosevelt died and he gave the order to drop the atomic bomb.
Harry S. Truman
President Truman wanted to end the war before the Soviet Union came to the Pacific. What did he do that surprised the Soviet Union?
Dropped the atomic bomb.
What was the name of the city and country President Truman dropped the atomic bomb on?
Hiroshima Japan
Where was the Yalta conference held?
Ukraine
This meeting was held from February 4th, 1945 until Feb. 11th, to discuss how the Nazi’s should be punished and what to do with the Nazi’s territory.
The Yalta Conference
This man created a “buffer zone” of friendly states around Russia to make sure Russia was never invaded again. He did this by participating in the Yalta Conference and this is also one of the ORIGINS of the Cold War.
Josef Stalin
This meeting was held from July 17th, 1945 until August 2nd, 1945 and took place in Occupine Germany. The purpose of this meeting was to mark the end of the alliance system and discuss what to do with Germany.
The Potsdam Conference
Who attended the Potsdam Conference?
Stalin, Churchill, and Truman.
After Churchill was voted out at the Potsdam Conference, who took his place?
Clement Attlee
This plan was proposed by Henry Morganthau Jr. (the U.S secretary of treasury) and it involved destroying Germany’s key industries that helped with their military strength.
The Morgenthau Plan
This is the term that is used to describe the boundary line or “mythical curtain” that separates Eastern Europe from Western Europe. It was both a physical and ideological division that represented the way Europe was viewed after WW II.
Iron Curtain
In 1964, this speech was given by Winston Churchill in Fulton Missouri where he said, “An iron curtain has descended across Europe”. The curtain referring to communism.
The Iron Curtain Speech
Who gave the Iron Curtain Speech?
Winston Churchill
This term describes the American Policy that was designed to keep the Soviet Union from expanding its power.
Containment
This “idea” was introduced in March of 1947 by Harry Truman the U.S President, and it was a policy that stated that the U.S would give aid to any country that was threatened by communism.
The Truman Doctrine
In 1946, Greek Communist with Soviet support and Greek NON-Communist with British support fought for control over Greece. After the British had to withdraw, President Truman provided financial aid to the NON-communist, preventing the communist from taking over. What was the name of this war?
The Greek Civil War
This was a U.S plan proposed by the Secretary of State, George Marshall and it was put into effect from 1948 until 1951 to aid in the economic recovery of Europe after WW II by offering certain European countries a large amount of money.
The Marshall Plan
This U.S plan offered all European countries, including the Soviet Union (Russia) generous funding to rebuild their economies as long as the money was spent on goods made in the U.S. Those who supported it, hoped to promote democracy in Europe and oppose the spread of communism.
The Marshall Plan
The U.S wanted to rebuild Germany to prevent another ______ ________ from happening.
Great Depression
What country or countries occupied the EASTERN part of Germany after WW II?
The Soviet Union (Russia)
What country or countries occupied the WESTERN part of Germany after WW II?
The U.S, Great Britian, and France (The Allied Nations)
What is the name of the capital of Germany that was dicided into four sections?
Berlin
The U.S wanted to show the Western part of Germany why they should NOT accept ________, as another attempt to rebuild Germany.
Communism
The Marshall plan was designed to “highlight” Eastern or Western Europe?
Eastern Europe
This was a 327 day operation in which the U.S and British had planes that flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets (Russia) blockaded the city.
Berlin Airlift
What does NATO stand for?
North Atlantic Trade Organization
When NATO was created, this was the first time for this country to officially join an alliance. Which country was it?
The U.S
This organization was formed in 1949 and was a military and defense alliance formed by 12 countries in Western Europe and North America. The ORIGINAL purpose of this organization was to protect its members from a possible attack from the Soviet Union (Russia). What is the name of this organization?
NATO (North Atlantic Trade Organization)
This was created in 1955 by the Soviet Union (Stalin) and Eastern European countries in response to NATO.
The Warsaw Pact
This was an economical agreement formed by countries in a common geographical area to promote duty free trade and free movement of labor and money among its members.
Common Market
In February 1948, the Soviet’s pressured and pushed 12 non-communist members of the Czech government to resign and put a Communist led party in power. Truman called this incident a “coup” and used it to push the Marshall Plan through congress. What was the name of this incident?
Czech Coup
In 1953, the leader of the Soviets die. What was his name?
Stalin
When Stalin dies, who is his successor?
Nikita Khrushchev
This man made a speech and clarifies all of Stalin’s crimes. What was his name?
Nikita Khrushchev
This man was Khrushchev’s successor and forced the Czech’s to come back after they tried to break away.
Leonid Brezhnev
This was a four-month period of freedom in Czech. What was this called?
The Prague Spring
This was a barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic and East Germany in August 1961, that completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin. It is a symbol of the cold war.
The Berlin Wall
This means the political or cultural condition of a former colony.
Postcolonialism
This was a period of hope in Latin America from 1825 until 1850, it was an unstable time. And political factionism emerged.
Post-Colonial Blues
A strong political leader who demands the personal loyalty of many followers. They fought each other and got caught in many wars for independence.
Caudillo
Latin American social ethic that honored male strength, courage, aggressiveness, assertiveness, and cunning. A masculine cult of personality.
Machismo
He was the first leader of Venezuela and was part black.
Jose Antonio Paez
Who was the first king of Mexico?
Augustine Deiturbide
The Latin American _______ was destroyed during their war for independence.
Economy
Latin America was trying to make their countries like _____ and _____ ‘s counties.
England and France
This period in Latin American was from 1850 until 1880, it was a period of progress and they were trying to become a modern continent. They were rich in gold, silver, oil, and copper. It was a domino effect in Latin America.
Liberal Period
He was the founder of 19th century Liberalism in Argentina, he was a minister. And believed Argentina should be urban and white and modernization.
Domingo Sarimento
Eastern _______ ideas migrated to Latin America.
European
He was the president of Mexico, he was a mexican national hero and brought liberal reforms to Mexico.
Benito Juarez
Economic colonialization causes the ____ _____ period.
Neo-Colonial
This period lasted from 1825 until 1990, it was the 2nd half of the liberal period. It consisted of rapid economic growth,The beneficiaries were large landowners and urban merchants, the land values soared with railroads, merchants and workers with secondary functions in import/ export economy, and the middle class grew rapidly. However, the majority of Latin Americans saw no benefits.
Neo- Colonial Period
Horse soliders that kept opposition to foreign investments out.
Rurales
He was a mexican general and politican who served seven terms as Mexico’s president during the Neo-Colonial period.
Porfirio Diaz
A small nation, especially in Central America, dependent on one crop or the influx of foreign capital
Banana Republic
This period was from 1910 until 1945, involving an economic, politcal, and social revolution, and the Mexcio economy was poor. It was similar to the French revolution.
Nationalism Period
