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PHY1020 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

An indication that light is a wave is

A

that it has dark bands in the diffraction period

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2
Q

The colors of an oil slick indicate that

A

light as a wave

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3
Q

The “index of refraction” measures

A

the speed of light

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4
Q

Light waves are

A

transverse

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5
Q

The resolution of a human eye is about

A

1/60 degree

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6
Q

Which of the following has the lowest index of refraction?

A

air

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7
Q

As the wavelength of light decreases, the frequency

A

increases

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8
Q

In one millionth of a second, light will travel (caution: possibly a trick question)

A

about 1000 feet

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9
Q

A piece of glass is shaped like a pyramid. The side of the pyramid is tilted at 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal. A beam of light is inside the glass, moving horizontally. When it emerges from the tilted surface of the glass, it will be moving

A

in a direction that is tilted downward (so it will eventually hit the ground)

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10
Q

A stop sign is bright when you shine the headlamps of your car on it. It most likely is covered with

A

small glass spheres

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11
Q

Diamonds sparkle in many colors because

A

light velocity depends on color

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12
Q

Which of the following are retroreflectors? Choose all that apply.

A

All of the above

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13
Q

Two soap bubbles from the same soap appear to be different colors. They probably have

A

Different thickness

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14
Q

If c is the speed of light in a vacuum, then the speed of light in glass is approximately

A

(2/3) c

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15
Q

Stealth bombers are undetected by radar, in part because

A

Of the absence of corner reflectors

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16
Q

Rainbows show different colors because

A

In water, different frequencies have different velocities

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17
Q

Which of the following is polarized?

A

Blue sky light

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18
Q

A fiber can send much more information per second than a wire because

A

Light has a very high frequency

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19
Q

Which color of light would give the highest number of bits per second in fiber optics?

A

Blue

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20
Q

Shannon is famous for having invented or discovered (among other things):

A

The bit

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21
Q

The human eye has cones that detect

A

green, blue, red

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22
Q

People squint to see better because squinting

A

Reduces the blur size

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23
Q

Old people need reading glasses because their

A

Lenses become less flexible

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24
Q

Red-eye in photographs comes from

A

Light on the flash reflecting off the retina (the back of the eye)

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25
Red-eye demonstrates that
the eye is a retroREflector
26
Your eye has
TWO LENSES - the lens and the CORNEA
27
Light is polarized when it bounces off (choose all that are correct)
All of the Above
28
Sunglasses can help you see a fish underwater because
Reflected light is polarized
29
Polaroids are used for 3-D movies because
they give a different image to each eye
30
Stress in plastic can be detected by looking at
polarized light (crossed polaroids)
31
In the pinhole camera, more blurring occurs if
the hole is either very large or very small
32
Holograms depend on the fact that light
is a wave
33
A successful fisherman will throw the spear
below the fish image
34
To make a spy satellite that can read a license plate, you would have to
use a large mirror
35
The wavelength of visible light is closest to the diameter of
a red blood cell
36
The Keck telescope is "powerful" because
it has a bigger mirror to collect light
37
When we say a man is color blind, we usually mean that
He can't distinguish red from green
38
The Keck uses what to focus light?
a mirror
39
Light in a vacuum goes 1 foot every nanosecond (billionth of a second). In water, in one nanosecond it will go about
0.66 foot
40
Present day 3-D movies make use of which technology?
Polarizers
41
A computer screen does not have spots that are colored
White
42
For a good telescope (like Hubble) in geosynchronous orbit (HEO), a typical resolution (for objects on the surface) is about
20 feet
43
A major use of fiber optics is for
communication
44
Which of the following has the highest frequency?
gamma rays
45
Which of the following has the lowest frequency?
AM radio
46
If you double the absolute temperature of an object, the wavelength of the emitted light
Gets shorter by a factor of 2
47
Which kind of light have the longest wavelength?
Infrared light
48
"Invisible light" includes
x-rays, UV and IR
49
As an object gets hotter and hotter, the color of its glow will change from
red, to yellow, to white, to blue
50
Radio waves and x-rays have the
Same speed
51
If you double the absolute temperature, the total radiation
Increases by 16
52
Most of the energy of an ordinary tungsten-filament lightbulb is emitted in the color
Infrared
53
Heat radiation is also called
IR
54
A tungsten lightbulb has 100 watts printed on it. About how much power is actually emitted as visible light?
16 Watts
55
What color star would be the hottest?
Blue
56
Sunlight is brightest in which color?
green
57
Which of the following exposes a person to the kind of radiation that can cause cancer? (Choose all that apply.)
computer-aided tomography (CAT) scans
58
Because of their warmth, humans emit primarily
Infrared radiation
59
If you sleep under a tree, you won't get wet from morning dew. That's because the tree
emits infrared radiation
60
Dew forms when the ground cools
by emitting IR
61
A "heat-seeking" missile actually aims itself toward
Infrared light
62
The ozone layer is created by and absorbs
Ultraviolet radiation
63
Ozone depletion is caused by (choose all that are correct)
CFCs
64
A few years ago, a certain kind of spray can was banned. These were the cans that used
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
65
Multispectral refers to
the many colors in visible light
66
The name NMR has been changed to
MRI
67
Which of the following statements about the ozone layer is NOT true?
Ozone is the most important greenhouse gas
68
The clouds in thunderstorms rise until they reach
the ozone layer
69
The original name for the microwave oven was
radar range
70
Microwave ovens use radiation with a wavelength
Same as radar
71
The microwaves in a microwave oven mostly heat
water
72
MRI maps the distribution of which element to produce an image?
hydrogen
73
UV light (choose all that are correct)
- is responsible for sunburns and windburns, - is used to kill bacteria in the water of remote villages in India, - is also called black light
74
Which of the following is best for seeing the calcium in bones?
x-ray
75
A black light is designed to emit
UV
76
A positron is
an antielectron
77
Sunburn is usually cause by
UV radiation
78
Which of the following uses antimatter?
PET scan
79
To image the hydrogen in the body, use
MRI
80
What is the cause for "windburn"?
solar UV
81
Remote control of a TV is usually done using
IR
82
Pit vipers and mosquitoes can sense
IR radiation
83
Infrared radiation can (choose all that apply)
Help snakes locate prey
84
Cancer is most likely to be caused by
ultraviolet radiation
85
The advertising slogan "whiter than white" means that the material
emits visible light
86
To make clothes appear extra clean, manufacturers apply
fluorescent dyes
87
Which of the following is a typical energy for an x-ray?
50,000 eV
88
In total darkness, you can see people if you have a camera that is sensitive to
Infrared radiation
89
Cell phones emit
microwaves
90
Each of these make use of infrared radiation EXCEPT
Measurement of wave velocities in the ocean
91
Bats navigate in caves by using
ultrasound
92
The phosphor of a fluorescent lightbulb turns which of these into visible light?
Ultraviolet light
93
"Cool roofs"
must reflect infrared
94
The best kind of radiation to purify water is
UV
95
Which of the following are electromagnetic waves? Choose all that are appropriate (no partial credit).
all of the above
96
To image hydrogen in the brain, the best technique is
MRI
97
Which of the following is an advanced method that uses x-rays?
CAT
98
Higher carbon dioxide levels than we have now were last seen about
2 million years ago
99
The country that produces the most carbon dioxide each year is
China
100
The country that produces the most carbon dioxide per person every year is
Saudia Arabia
101
The greenhouse effect currently warms the Earth by approximately (careful: this may be a trick question)
15/25 degrees F
102
Which fossil fuel produces the most CO2, per pound, when burned?
coal
103
Converting coal to oil is achieved with
Fisher-Tropsch
104
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased over the past 100 years by
36%
105
Ice in Antartica is
increasing, contradicting global warming predictions
106
A treaty that was signed by the United States but not ratified by the Senate is
Kyoto
107
According to the text, wind power is
rapidly growing, with wind turbines delivering twice the power they did four years ago
108
Clean coal
refers to coal used at a power plant with carbon capture and storage (CCS)
109
In France, nuclear power produces what percentage of the electricity?
80%
110
In the United States, nuclear power produces what percentage of the electricity?
20% or 0.2
111
The organization that studies climate change is
IPCC
112
Which of these years had the warmest worldwide climate?
1998
113
If the United States reduced CO2 emissions to those suggested by the Kyoto treaty, and the developing nations continued to increase theirs at the current (allowed) rate, then global warming would be delayed by about
3 years
114
The greenhouse effect involves atmospheric emission of
IR
115
To be affordable without subsidy or carbon credits, the cost of a billion-watt solar plant must be not much more than
$1 billion
116
The average temperature of the Earth (including the poles and the equator) is now about
57 degrees F
117
Which country produces the most greenhouse gas emission per GDP (gross domestic product)?
China
118
A key feature of the Kyoto treaty is that it
set up to a method to trade carbon credits
119
Cooling in the last big ice age, which ended about 12,000 BC, was approximately
11 degrees F
120
Cooling during the Little Ice Age (AD 1350 to 1850) was approximately
2 degrees F
121
Which of the following is NOT a major greenhouse gas?
CFCs (such as Freon)
122
The least expensive form of carbon abatement (putting less CO2 into the atmosphere) is
conservation
123
Thanks to humans, the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has
increased by about 35%
124
UV light is NOT
also called heat radiation
125
Which of these does NOT make use of infrared radiation
measurement of wave velocities in the ocean

PHY1020 (3 decks)

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