Final Exam

Question 1

Practice of making high-risk investments in hopes of obtaining large profits

Answer 1

Speculation

Question 2

October 29, 1929, when stock prices fell sharply in the Great Crash

Answer 2

Black Tuesday

Question 3

Period Lasting from 1929 to 1941 in which the US economy faltered and unemployment soared

Answer 3

Great depression

Question 4

Protective tax on imports enacted by Congress in 1930 in an effort to counter the nation’s slide into the great depression

Answer 4

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

Question 5

Policy relied on by President Hoover in the early years of the great depression, whereby local and state governments act as primary agents of economic relief

Answer 5

Localism

Question 6

Group of WW1 veterans who marched on Washington DC, in 1932 to demand early payment of a bonus promised to them by Congress

Answer 6

Bonus army

Question 7

1935 wall that set up a pension system for retirees, established unemployment insurance, created insurance for victims of work related accidents, and provided aid for poverty-stricken mothers and children, the blind, and the disabled

Answer 7

Social Security Act

Question 8

New deal law that abolished unfair labor practices, recognized the right of employees to organize labor unions, and gave workers the right to collective bargaining

Answer 8

Wagner Act

Question 9

1938 law that set a minimum wage, a maximum work week of 44 hours, and outlawed child labor

Answer 9

Fair labor standards act

Question 10

Organized labor action in which workers stop working and occupy the workplace until their demands are met

Answer 10

Sit-down strike

Question 11

FDR’s plan to add six new justices to the nine Member Supreme Court after the court had ruled some new deal laws to be unconstitutional

Answer 11

Court packing

Question 12

Division of the Works progress administration that hired unemployed artists to create artworks for public buildings and sponsored art education programs and exhibitions

Answer 12

Federal art project

Question 13

A theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people

Answer 13

Totalitarianism

Question 14

Hatred of and discrimination against Jews

Answer 14

Anti-Semitic

Question 15

Programs and legislation pushed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression to promote economic recovery and social reform

Answer 15

New Deal

Question 16

In early 1935, Roosevelt launched an aggressive campaign to find solutions to the ongoing problems caused by the Great Depression. This campaign created social security

Answer 16

Second New Deal

Question 17

Policy of granting concessions in order to keep peace

Answer 17

Appeasement

Question 18

During World War II, the forced march of American and Filipino prisoners of war under brutal conditions lead by the Japanese military

Answer 18

Bataan Death March

Question 19

World War II battle that took place between Japanese and American aircraft carriers in May 1942, halting the Japanese advance in the Pacific

Answer 19

Battle of coral sea

Question 20

Tactic of dropping massive amounts of bombs in order to inflict maximum damage

Answer 20

Saturation bombing

Question 21

Tactic of dropping bombs on key political and industrial targets

Answer 21

Strategic bombing

Question 22

African-American squadron that escorted bombers in the air war over Europe during World War II

Answer 22

Tuskegee airmen

Question 23

Turning point of World War II in the Pacific, in which the Japanese advance was stopped

Answer 23

Battle of midway

Question 24

The 1956 law that authorize the spending of 32 billion to build 41,000 miles of highway

Answer 24

Interstate Highway Act

Question 25

The Allies invaded Normandy on June 6, 1944

Answer 25

D-Day

Question 26

Code name of the U.S. government research project that developed the atomic bomb

Answer 26

Manhattan Project

Question 27

World War II strategy that involved seizing selected Japanese-held islands in the Pacific while bypassing others

Answer 27

Island-hopping

Question 28

1945 strategy meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin

Answer 28

Yalta Conference

Question 29

International agreement governing the humane treatment of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war

Answer 29

Geneva Convention

Question 30

Trials in which the Nazi leaders were charged with war crimes

Answer 30

Nuremberg trials

Question 31

Term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the border between the Soviet satellite states and Western Europe

Answer 31

Iron Curtain

Question 32

Foreign policy that offered economic aid to Western Europe after World War II

Answer 32

Marshall Plan

Question 33

Military alliance of the Soviet Union and its satellite sates

Answer 33

Warsaw Pact

Question 34

Policy of threatening to use massive force in response to aggression

Answer 34

Massive retaliation

Question 35

Belief that only by going to the brink of war could the United States protect itself against Soviet aggression

Answer 35

Brinkmanship

Question 36

To place a private resource under government control

Answer 36

Nationalize

Question 37

Policy of president Eisenhower that stated that the United States would force to help any nation threatened by communism

Answer 37

Eisenhower Doctrine

Question 38

An ideal or typical household with a father, mother, and children

Answer 38

Nuclear family

Question 39

A plan that called for three tiers of higher education: research universities, state colleges, and community colleges, all of which were to be accessible to all of the state’s citizens

Answer 39

California Master Plan