FINAL EXAM

Question 1

normovolemia

Answer 1

normal blood volume

Question 2

hypovolemia

Answer 2

lower blood volume

Question 3

hypervolemia

Answer 3

higher blood volume

Question 4

fibrinogen

Answer 4

prime clotting protein

Question 5

renal disease

Answer 5

decrease of albumin in the electrophoresis separation

Question 6

Bacterial Infection

Answer 6

increase of y-globulin in the electrophoresis separation

Question 7

when the liver dies

Answer 7

plasma protein levels decrease

Question 8

If colloidal osmotic pressure increases

Answer 8

more water will flow into the plasma

Question 9

If colloidal osmotic pressure decreases

Answer 9

more water will flow into the ISF

Question 10

capillary bed

Answer 10

site where exchanges take place between plasma and ISF

Question 11

Edema

Answer 11

accumulation of excess fluid in the interstitial spaces

Question 12

Factors that lead to Edema

Answer 12

Increase in Hydrostatic Pressure and Capillary Permeability.
Decrease in C.O.P.
No lymphatic drainage

Question 13

kwashiorkor

Answer 13

sever protein malnutrition

Question 14

elephantiasis

Answer 14

blockage of lymphatic drainage resulting from parasite (Filaria nematode) infestation

Question 15

hematopoiesis

Answer 15

production of blood cells

Question 16

erythropoiesis

Answer 16

production of red blood cells

Question 17

thrombopoiesis

Answer 17

production of platelets

Question 18

leukopoiesus

Answer 18

production of white blood cells

Question 19

cytokines

Answer 19

substance (proteins or peptides) which are released by one cell and effect the growth, development, and activity of another cell

Question 20

glycolytic enzymes

Answer 20

RBC enzyme system that generates energy

Question 21

carbonic anhydrase

Answer 21

RBC enzyme system that facilitates CO2 transport

Question 22

Oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Answer 22

20 ml O2/100 ml blood

Question 23

Life span of RBC’s

Answer 23

120 days, and nothing can prolong its lifespan

Question 24

Ferritin

Answer 24

How iron is stored as in the liver spleen and gut

Question 25

Jaundice

Answer 25

Increase concentration of bilirubin. Bilirubin can accumulate and deposit in the whites of eyes, nail beds, and skin. Caused by liver damage, bile duct obstruction.

Question 26

Polycythemia

Answer 26

Production of RBC’s is greater than the destruction (Ht = 70%)

Question 27

Anemia

Answer 27

Production of RBC’s is lower than the destruction (Ht= 30%).

Question 28

Microcytic

Answer 28

Small RBC size

Question 29

Normocytic

Answer 29

Normal RBC size

Question 30

Macrocytic

Answer 30

Large RBC size

Question 31

Normochromic

Answer 31

Normal amount of Hemoglobin.

Question 32

Hypochromic

Answer 32

Less than normal Hemoglobin

Question 33

Hematoma

Answer 33

accumulation of blood in tissues

Question 34

white thrombus

Answer 34

platelet plug

Question 35

tetrodotoxin

Answer 35

an extremely potent inhibitor of sodium channels that puffer fish make

Question 36

hydrocephalus

Answer 36

increased pressure inside the central nervous system; occurs with increase in the CSF which doesn’t leave, putting pressure on the brain.

Question 37

myopic

Answer 37

eye ball is too long. Farsighted

Question 38

hyperopic

Answer 38

eye ball is too short.

Near sighted

Question 39

Astigmatism

Answer 39

the lens or cornea is not spherical

Question 40

presbyopia

Answer 40

lens gets stiff and doesn’t change shape. Results in farsightedness.