Final Exam Flashcards
Who isolated DNA and named it nuclein?
Friedrich Miescher
Who described the nucleus as a feature of all cells?
Robert Brown
Who named the mitotic threads “chromosomes”?
Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried Waldryer
Who argued that the nucleus is the bearer of the genetic material?
Ernest Hackel
What experiment did Theodor Boveri do?
He fertilized the cytoplasm of a sea urchin egg with the sperm of a different sea urchin, and the offspring resembled the sperm donor. Therefore, the nucleus determines the hereditary potential
What did Walter Sutton do?
Measured the 22 chromosomes of the lubber grasshopper and found 11 specific sizes. Therefore predicting that chromosomes exist as identical pairs
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Began studying the fruit fly in 1907 in an attempt to disprove Mendelian Genetics
Skeptical that genes occur on chromosomes
What is a mutation?
An abrupt change in phenotype that can be inherited
What did Thomas Morgan’s wife do?
Found the lab’s first mutant fly, which proved the chromosomal theory
What is a mutagen?
An agent that can cause genotypic and phenotypic change
What did F. Griffith do (1928) ?
Did experiments with 2 strains of streptococcus pneumoniae
What are bacteriophages?
Viruses that attack bacteria
What are the constituents of DNA?
deoxyribose, phosphate, and nitrogenous base. Linked 5’ to 3’
Who solved the X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA?
R. Franklin and M. Wilkins
How did Watson and Crick describe the structure of DNA?
A anti-parallel double helix, point of out base complimentary, and suggest a method which replication could occur
