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U.S. History Unit 1 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Slave Codes

A

Laws keeping African captives from owning property, testifying against whites, receiving education or meeting in groups

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2
Q

French & Indian War

A

Fought for dominant war for power in North America, took 7 yrs

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3
Q

The Glorious Revolution

A

the revolution against James II; there was little armed resistance to William and Mary in England although battles were fought in Scotland and Ireland (1688-1689)

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4
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

America was named after him

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5
Q

Thomas Paine Common Sense

A

To declare independence

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6
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

first constitution of the United States, on November 15, 1777. Congress held most power.

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7
Q

Bill of Rights

A

The first ten amendments, ratified in 1879

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8
Q

Cotton Gin

A

Removed seeds from cotton

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9
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

Discovered North America, his voyage was financed by Spain

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10
Q

Abolitionist

A

Wants to abolish (get rid of) something; especially slavery

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11
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

Idea that the nation was meant to spread to the pacific

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12
Q

1849 California

A

Gold Rush

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13
Q

Second Great Awakening

A

Religious movement

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14
Q

Dred Scott

A

Missouri slave who sued to end slavery

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15
Q

Free Enterprise

A

Private business operates in competition and largely free of state control

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16
Q

President Lincoln’s inaugural speech

A

Said he wants to end slavery

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17
Q

Robert E. Lee

A

Rejects offer to command union troops and joins the Confederacy

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18
Q

Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan

A

Wanted build a strong government in the south and to end bitterness from war

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19
Q

South Secession

A

Idk

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20
Q

Emancipation Proclamation

A

Freed all enslaved persons in states still in rebellion

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21
Q

13th Amendment

A

Bans slavery

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22
Q

South Advantage over North

A

Idk

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23
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Name given to many northerners who moved to the south after the civil war and supported the republicans

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24
Q

Homestead Act

A

Law passed that allowed to claim up to 160 acres of land

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25
Q

Dry Farming

A

Planting seeds deep in the ground , where there is enough moisture for them to grow

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26
Q

Dawes Act

A

Dissolved reservations and allowed each household 160 acres of land for farming and granted citizenship for living 5 years on land

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27
Q

Haciendas

A

Huge ranches that cover thousands of acres

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28
Q

Open Range

A

Vast area of grassland owned by government where ranchers could graze their herds free od charge

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29
Q

Laissez-faire

A

“Let the people do as they choose”, state and federal governments kept taxes and spending low. They did not impose costly regulations on industry or try to control wages and prices.

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30
Q

Transcontinental Railroad

A

Joined railroads at Promontory, Utah, 1774 miles of track was laid. Pacific Railway Act expanded the construction of railroads

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31
Q

Vertical Intergration

A

Combining of companies that supply equipment and services needed for a particular industry

32
Q

American Railway Association

A

Industry trade group representing rail roads in the US

33
Q

Credit Mobilier Scandal

A

A construction company set up by several stockholders of the Union Pacific Railroad

34
Q

Monopoly

A

When a single company achieves control of an entire market

35
Q

Pools

A

A group sharing in some activity

36
Q

Strikebreakers

A

If union called strike, employers would hire replacements called strikebreakers

37
Q

Unions

A

Organization of workers formed for the purpose of advancing its members interests

38
Q

William M. Tweed

A

Leader of Tammy Hall

39
Q

Nativists

A

Hostility toward immigrants

40
Q

Political Machines

A

Informal Political group designed to gain and keep power

41
Q

Naturalism

A

New style of writing; believed some people failed in life simply because they were caught up in circumstances they could not control

42
Q

Angel Island

A

where Asian immigrants arrived.

43
Q

1860’s US Navy

44
Q

1860’s Chinese Immigration

A

Chinese came to the U.S. to escape unemployment, poverty, and famine. They worked on the transcontinental RR

45
Q

Tammy Hall

A

A New York City Democratic Political machine, under the leadership of William “Boss” Tweed

46
Q

Theodore Roosevelt

A

Becomes president after President McKinely is assinated, recognized as a war hero

47
Q

Hawaiian Monarchy

A

Planters attempted to overthrow the monarchy, to make it part of the United States

48
Q

Open Door Policy

A

A policy that allowed each foreign nation in China to trade freely in the other nations spheres of influence

49
Q

Matthew Perry

A

Led naval expedition to Japan

50
Q

Imperialism

A

Increase its power through domination of smaller weaker countries. Reasons for imperialism: desire for new markets, feeling of superiority, military threat

51
Q

Progressives

A

Sought to improve life in the United States with social, economic, and political reforms. Believed that society could be improved through science and technology

52
Q

Socialists

A

Believed in government owned business

53
Q

Interstate Commerce Comission

54
Q

William Howard Taft

55
Q

Direct Primary

A

All voters could vote for a party candidate in a general election

56
Q

Triangle Shirtwaist Company

A

Factory fire in New York City. Very deadly

57
Q

Muckrakers

A

Journalist who investigated social conditions and political corruption

58
Q

Recall

A

Allowed voters an option to remove elected officials from office

59
Q

Fourteen points

A

Establish the conditions for lasting peace in Europe

60
Q

Triple Entente

A

France, Great Britain, Russia

61
Q

Trench Warfare

A

Troops fight from trenches facing each other

62
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A
  1. Armed forced reduced in size and NO troops allowed west of Rhine River
  2. Blamed Germany solely for the war
  3. Forced payment of reparations
63
Q

Triple Alliance

A

Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary

64
Q

Zimmerman Telegram

A

Germany formed an alliance with Mexico and promised to get territory back in the U.S.

65
Q

Selective Service Act

A

Men drafted in their local draft boards and picked like a lottery

66
Q

WWI Airplanes

A

Used to scope out the opposing sides territory

67
Q

Henry Ford

A

Inventor of the first Model T

68
Q

Harlem Renaissance

A

African American artist become well known with jazz and blues

69
Q

International Harvester

70
Q

1929 Stock market

A

Stock Market crashes

71
Q

Banks & Great Depression

A

Banks begin to close because people aren’t paying back their loans, so all savings are lost. Many out of work

72
Q

President Hoover & Federal Relief

A

Believed that American people should be able to take care of themselves

73
Q

Bonus Army

A

Veterans were promised a thousand dollar bonus, but got denied so they camped out in D.C.

74
Q

Great Depression & Overproduction

A

People could not afford to buy materialistic items, companies have a an overproduction and tried selling to foreign countries

75
Q

Emergency Relief and Construction Act

76
Q

Buying on Margin

U.S. History Unit 1 (6 decks)

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