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KIN 350 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Summation of forces KINETIC LINK PRINCIPLE

A
  • summation of forces from most proximal link to most distal link to generate force and velocity at distal link
    ex. Crack the whip
    - person at end flies off from
    - greater velocity
    - centrifugal forces
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2
Q

ANGULAR KINEMATICS

A

.vt=wr

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3
Q

TORQUE

A

FORCE x MOMENT ARM.

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4
Q

NEWTONS ROTARY LAWS (Rotary Inertia)

A
  • an object will remain rotating or still unless acted upon by an external torques
    ex. Earth spinning, bike tire, Frisbee
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5
Q

MOMENT OF INERTIA

A

ARMS OUT YOU WILL INCREASE YOUR INERTIA AND VICE VERSA.

DISTRIBUTION OF MASS AROUND AN AXIS THAT YOU ARE ROTATING AROUND, I=MR^2

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6
Q

METHODS OF GENERATING TWIST 3 OF THEM

A
  1. Zero Gravity Twist
  2. Action/Reaction Twist
  3. Rotation into Twist
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7
Q

CENTRIPETAL FORCES

A

PULLS IN (is a force that makes a body follow a curved path)

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8
Q

CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

A

PILLS OUT (is the apparent force that draws a rotating body away from the center of rotation. It is caused by the inertia of the body as the body’s path is continually redirected.)

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9
Q

CENTER OF GRAVITY AND STABILITY

A
  1. -segmental alignment -less stable because curvature of spine
  2. kyphosis
  3. scoliosis
  4. lordosis
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10
Q

STABILITY AND GAIT

A

.

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11
Q

STANDING POSTURE (curvature of spine)

A

SCOLIOSIS

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12
Q

MUSCLE IMBALANCES

A

CHEST TOO DEVELOPED- BACK PROBLEMS. “KYPHOSIS”
“LORDOSIS” - TIGHT HIP FLEXORS
“ROTATOR CUFF” - ANTERIOR GREATER THEN POST…

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13
Q

BACK PAIN

A

DIAGNOSTIC TOOL TO HELP YOU IDENTIFY THE ORIGIN OF PAIN. (muscle imbalances)

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14
Q

ERGONOMICS

A
  • study of work
    -designing the work place to fit the person
    -started in WW2 with airplane cockpit design
    -wanted consistent design
    Purpose of ergonomics in workplace
    -decrease risk of injury
    -enhance productivity and efficiency
    -improve quality of work life
    Benefits of desk
    -sit or stand
    -can adjust to different height people
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15
Q

INSTRUMENTATION

A

KA VIDEO,
SMOOTHING,
FILM 30 FRAMES,-SOFTWARE IS 60 FRAMES

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16
Q

GAIT ANALYSIS

A

WALKING(MORE STABLE): DOUBLE SUPPORT, SINGLE SUPPORT

RUNNING: SINGLE SUPPORT(AIRBORNE)

17
Q

ICE SKATING VIDEOS

A

SKATER 1: TRIPLE IN AIR, ARMS OUT THEN BRING EM IN,NOT GET BODY PARTS IN CLOSE ENOUGH, JUMP HIGHER.
SKATER 2: TRIPLE AXEL, (ACTION/RXN TWIST)PUSH ONE DIRECTION, NEED ANGULAR MOMENTUM, ANTICIPATE COMING OUT TOO SOON

18
Q

UPPER EXTREMITY INJURIES

A

SCOLIOSIS: HOLD SOMETHING HEAVY IN ONE ARM.

19
Q

ROTATOR CUFF MECHANICS

A

Mechanism-supraspinato and biceps tendon go through subacromial space, can get impared and lead to pain and inflammation

- do exercises to strengthen posterior muscles
	- rhomboids, posterior deltoids
	- rhomboids pull down scapula
		- make more room in subacromial space
20
Q

LOWER EXTREMITY MECHANICS

A

GAIN ANALYSIS AND
-PRONATION
-SUPINATION
Two ways to measure leg length difference
-ASIS to medial malleolus-laying down
-greater trochanter to lateral malleolus- sitting

21
Q

ROTARY AND STABILIZING FORCES OF MUSCLE

A

.

22
Q

NEWTONS ROTARY LAWS (Torque=I x delta)

A

Torque=moment of inertia x angular speed
I=mr2 + m2r2 + m3 r2…each segment of a body has a moment of inertia
-each body segments center of mass times distance from axis squared has an effect on rotary
-if segments closer to axis easier to rotate than if farther away
-ex. Easier to swing bat that you choke up on because its closer to axis so you need less torque

23
Q

NEWTONS ROTARY LAWS (ANGULAR MOMENTUM)

A

Due to conservation of angular momentum, if one segment rotates one direction another segment rotates in the opposite direction

- pull arms in once spinning and you will go faster 
- spinning on a board, legs go one way and arms go the other for force
- I1W2=I2W2
- I= moment of inertia
- W=angular velocity
24
Q

NEWTONS ROTARY LAWS ( NAMES)

A
  • ROTARY ROTATION
  • Torque=I x delta)
  • ANGULAR MOMENTUM
25
Q

Zero Gravity Twist

A
  • one segment rotates opposite the other
    - cat twist-landing on feet
    - hula hoop action in the pool
26
Q

Action/Reaction Twist

A
  • push one way twist the other way
    - ice skating jump
    - twisting around longitudinal axis-upright
27
Q

Rotation into Twist

A
  • shift axis and convert some rotation into twist
    - aerial ski jumping
    - shawn white snowboarding
    - diving twist
28
Q

lordosis

A

excessive lumbar curvature

-tight hip flexors, weak abs, rectus femoris- crosses hip

29
Q

scoliosis- lateral curvature

A

-lifting techniques, try to trade off shoulders with backpack

30
Q

kyphosis-

A

excessive curvature of the thoracic vertebrae

-swimmers, 75%- strokes anterior, pitching, throwing

31
Q

Bone density increase due to

A
  • gravity
  • weight baring exercise
  • parathyroid hormone
  • estrogen
  • testosterone
  • growth hormone
  • anabolic steroids
32
Q

ANGULAR MOMENTUM

A

is a measure of the amount of rotation an object has, taking into account its mass, shape and speed
L=Iw

KIN 350 (3 decks)

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