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KIN 350 > EXAM 1 > Flashcards

EXAM 1 Flashcards

1
Q

USES FOR BIOMECHANICS

WHAT WE THINK IT SHOULD BE

A
  • ERGONOMICS - CAR DESIGN
  • DESIGN OF TOOLS
  • MATERIAL HANDLING
  • DESIGNS OF FACTORIES
  • SPORTS EQUIPMENT
  • CELL PHONES/ COMPUTERS
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2
Q

UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS

6

A
  • DISTANCE: MILES,FT, INCHES/M, MM,
  • VELOCITY: M PER SEC, CM/SEC, KM/SEC, FT/SEC, IN/SEC, MI/HR
  • ACCELERATION: FT/SEC^2, IN/SEC^2
  • GRAVITY: 32.2 FT/S^2
  • FORCE: LBS
  • MASS: SLUGS
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3
Q

SCALAR

A

-MAGNITUDE
–MASS, SPEED, TIME.
EX: 100 METER RUN, IN 10 SECONDS

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4
Q

VECTOR

A

MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION
–WEIGHT FORCE, VELO, ACCEL
EX: 100 M RUN SOUTH

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5
Q

PLANES OF MOTION

A
  • SAGGITTAL PLANE
  • FRONTAL PLANE
  • TRANSVERSE PLANE
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6
Q

SAGGITTAL PLANE

A

-SPLITS LEFT FROM RIGHT
–INC, FLEXION, EXTENSION
–MOVEMENTS TO FRONT AND BACK OF BODY
EX: RUNNING

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7
Q

FRONTAL PLANE

A

CUTS FRONT TO BACK

  • -JUMPING JACK
  • -ABDUCTION, ADDUCTION, ELEVATION DEPRESSION.
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8
Q

TRANSVERSE PLANE

A
  • -CUTS TOP FROM BOTTOM
  • -TURNING IN A CIRCLE
  • -ROTATIONAL MOVEMENTS, LATERAL AND MEDIAL ROTATION, SUPINATION AND PRONATION.
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9
Q

AXES OF ROTATION

A
  • MEDIALLATERAL AXES
  • ANTEROPOSTERIOR
  • LONGITUDINAL
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10
Q

MEDIALATERAL AXES

A

(FRONTAL - HORIZONTAL)

SAGITAL PLANE

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11
Q

ANTEROPOSTERIOR AXES

A

(SAGITAL - HORIZONTAL)

-FRONTAL PLANE

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12
Q

LONGITUDINAL AXES

A

(VERTICLE)

- TRANSVERSE PLANE

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13
Q

PLANES OF MOTION MUSCULAR CONTRACTION

A

CONCENTRIC

  • ISOMETRIC
  • ECCENTRIC
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14
Q

CONCENTRIC

A

MUSCLE FORCE OVERCOMES RESISTANCE FORCE

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15
Q

ISOMETRIC

A

MUSCLE FORCE=RESISTANCE FORCE

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16
Q

ECCENTRIC

A

MUSCLE FORCE LESS THAN RESISTANCE FORCE. MOST AMOUNT OF FORCE.
-MOST AMOUNT OF FORCE, SPRING ENERYGY ALSO.

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17
Q

TYPES OF MOVEMENT (JOINT)

7 COMBOS

A
  • FLEXION, EXTENSION
  • ABDUCTION, ADDUCTION
  • SUPINATION, PRONATION
  • ELEVATION, DEPRESSION
  • HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION/ ABDUCTION
  • PROTRACTION, RETRACTION
  • PLANTAR FLEXION, DORSI FLEXION
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18
Q

AGONIST

A

-CAUSES MUSCLE ACTION. BICEP CURL

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19
Q

ANTAGONIST

A

OPPOSES ACTION STABILIZES. ACTING BUT NOT CAUSING ACTION. TRICEP IN CURL.

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20
Q

INCREASE RANGE OF MOTION

A
  1. SLOW STATIC STRETCH: MECHANICALLY STRETCHING THE MUSCLE.

2. PIVF: CONTRACTING AGONIST RESISTANCE.

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21
Q

COEFFICIENT OF RESTITUTION

A

-MEASURES ENERGY RETURNED TO AN OBJECT(BALL) AFTER IT HITS SOMETHING. IT IS A FUNCTION OF THE BALL AND TOE SURFACE.

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22
Q

BIOFEEDBACK

A

ANALYZE ELECTRICAL SIGNALS OF THE BODY IN ORDER TO MODIFY THEM.

  • EMG
  • EEG
  • HR
  • BREATHING RATE
  • SKIN TEMP
23
Q

ELECTROMNYOGRAPHY (EMG)

A

MUSCLE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY

24
Q

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (EEG)

A

BRAIN WAVES (FRONTAL LOBE, EMOTION, REAR VISION, LEFT VERBAL, RIGHT BRAIN (SPACIOMOTOR).

25
Q

ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY

A

HEART ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY

26
Q

HR

A

HEART RATE

27
Q

BR

A

BREATHING RATE

28
Q

VISUALIZATION

A

EXTERNAL: SEE YOURSELF
INTERNAL: SEE WHAT YOU WOULD SEE
-TRAINING YOUR MIND BUT ALSO TRAINING MUSCLE PATTERNS

29
Q

OPEN SKILL

A

REACTING TO ENVIRONMENT THAT IS UNSTABLE.

30
Q

CLOSED SKILL

A
  • SELF IMITATED. EX SHOOTING AND GOLF
  • SOME SPORTS ARE ONE OR THE OTHER
  • SOME ARE BOTH
31
Q

BIOFEEDBACK

A

CAN BE USED TO SWITCH BACK AND FORTH BETWEEN AROUSED STATES

32
Q

SYMPATHETIC

A

FIGHT OR FLIGHT

33
Q

PARASYMPATHETIC

A

MORE CALM AND RELAXED

34
Q

BONES AND OSTEOPORSIS

A

DISORDER INVOLVING DECREASED BONE MASS AND STRENGTH WITH ONE OR MORE

35
Q

OSTEOPOROSIS BEINGS AS…

A

OSTEOPENIA WHICH MEANS REDUCED BONE MASS W/O PRESENCE OF A TENDON

36
Q

WHAT STIMULATED BONE GROWTH

A

EXERCISE AND WEIGHT LIFTING

37
Q

OSTEOPOROSIS RISK FACTORS

A
  • SMOKING
  • CALCIUM DEFICIENCY
  • CERTAIN DRUGS
  • WEIGHT
  • PHYSICAL INACTIVITY
  • TOBACCO
38
Q

TYPES OF ENERG

A
  • KINETIC
  • POTENTIAL
  • SPRING
  • ROTATIONAL
39
Q

KINETIC ENERGY

A

ENERGY OF MOTION

-KE=1/2MV^2

40
Q

POTENTIAL ENERGY

A

ENERGY BY VIRTUE OF A BODIES POSITION OR CONFIGURATION, CALCULATED AS PRODUCT OF WEIGHT AND HEIGHT
– PE=MgH

41
Q

SPRING ENERGY

A

CAPACITY TO DO WORK BY VIRTUE OF A DEFORMED BODYS RETURN TO ITS ORIGINAL SHAPE OF THE SPRING,
–SE= 1/2Kx^2. X=SPRING K=CONSTANT

42
Q

ROTATIONAL ENERGY

A

ENERGY DUE TO ROTATION.

-RE=IW^2. I=MOMENT OF INERTIA W=ANGULAR VELOCITY.

43
Q

IMPULSE/ MOMENTUM

A

PRODUCT OF A FORCE AND THE TIME INTERVAL OVER WHICH THE TRUE FORCE ACTS

44
Q

HOW TO DECREASE FORCE

A

INCREASE TIME.

  • F=MV2-MV1/T
  • —EX: FOAM PIT TAKES AWAY FORCE BECAUSE IT TAKES LONGER TIME FOR COMPLETE STOP.
45
Q

SPORTS ANALYSIS

A
  • ANALYS SKILL
  • INDIV TECHNIQUE
  • DETERMINE MOST EFFECTIVE TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE
  • EX BASEBALL-PITCHING TECHNIQUE
46
Q

2 WAYS TO ANALYSE A MOVEMENT

A

QUALITATIVE

-QUANTITATIVE

47
Q

QUALITATIVE

A

VISUAL ANAYLSIS

-DETERMINE GOAL(LOOK AT MUSCLES INVOLVED)

48
Q

QUANTITATVIE

A

BREAKING DOWN MOVEMENT, DOWN INTO #S, VELO, ACCEL,

-SEE IT IN SLOW AND FAST MOTION (KINEMATICS, ACCELEROMETER)

49
Q

DRAG FORCES

A
  • SURFACE
  • WAVE
  • FORM DRAG
50
Q

SURFACE DRAG

A

ROUGHNESS OF OBJECT

51
Q

FORM DRAG

A

SHAPE OF OBJECT, ARROW DYNAMICS

52
Q

WAVE DRAG

A

ENERGY FROM WAVES INTERFACE BETWEEN 2 FLUIDS (UNDERWATER QUICKER)

53
Q

CYCLING

A

DRAFTING SAVED 40% ENERGY

  • HELMETS-
  • POWER=FORCE X VELO
  • BODY SHAPE
  • REST HR 30 BPM
  • GREG LEMOND FASTED TIME EVER

KIN 350 (3 decks)

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