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Living Anatomy II > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of the Rectus Abdominus?

A

Pubic tubercles, pubic symphysis

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2
Q

What is the origin of the External Obliques?

A

External aspect of 8 lower ribs (ribs 5-12)

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3
Q

What is the origin of the Interal Obliques?

A

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest & TCA

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4
Q

What is the origin of the Transversus Abdominus?

A

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, TCA, & internal surface of lower 6 ribs

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5
Q

What is the origin of the Gluteus Maximus?

A

Posterior iliac crest, PSIS, lateral border of sacrum & coccyx, sacrotuberous & sacroiliac ligaments

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6
Q

What is the origin of the Gluetus Medius?

A

Lateral (gluteal) surface of the ilium (b/w posterior & anterior gluteal lines)

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7
Q

What is the origin of the Gluteus Minimus?

A

Lateral (gluteal) surface of the ilium (b/w anterior & inferior gluteal lines)

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8
Q

What is the origin of the Piriformis?

A

Anterior border of the sacrum

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9
Q

What is the origin of the Sartorius?

A

ASIS

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10
Q

What is the origin of the Tensor Fascia Lata?

A

Iliac crest (lateral/posterior to ASIS)

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11
Q

What is the origin of the Quadratus Femoris?

A

Ischial tuberosity (lateral border)

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12
Q

What is the origin of the Pectineus?

A

Superior ramus of pubis

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13
Q

What is the origin of the Adductor Brevis?

A

Inferior ramus of pubis

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14
Q

What is the origin of the Adductor Longus?

A

Pubic tubercle

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15
Q

What is the origin of the Adductor Magnus?

A

Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity

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16
Q

What is the origin of the Gracilis?

A

Inferior ramus of pubis & ramus of ischium

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17
Q

What is the origin of the Biceps Femoris?

A

Long head: Ischial tuberosity

Short head: Lateral lip of linea aspera

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18
Q

What is the origin of the Semitendinosis?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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19
Q

What is the origin of the Semimebranosis?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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20
Q

What is the origin of the Rectus Femoris?

A

AIIS

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21
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Medalis?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

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22
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tub, & greater trochanter

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23
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

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24
Q

What is the origin of the Tibialis Anterior?

A

Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseus membrane

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25
Q

What is the origin of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?

A

Proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseus membrane

Lateral condyle of tibia

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26
Q

What is the origin of the Extensor Hallicis Longus?

A

Middle, anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

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27
Q

What is the origin of the Peroneus Longus?

A

Head of fibula and proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

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28
Q

What is the origin of the Peroneus Brevis?

A

Distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

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29
Q

What is the origin of the Gastrocnemius?

A

Lateral & medial condyles of the femur (posterior surfaces)

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30
Q

What is the origin of the Soleus?

A

Soleal line of tibia, proximal 1/3 posterior fibula (incl. head)

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31
Q

What is the origin of the Plantaris?

A

Lateral supracondylar line of femur

above & behind med. epicondyle

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32
Q

What is the origin of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

A

Middle, posterior surface of tibia

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33
Q

What is the origin of the Tibialis Posterior?

A

Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseus membrane

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34
Q

What is the origin of the Flexor Hallicis Longus?

A

Middle half of posterior fibula

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35
Q

What is the origin of the Popliteus?

A

Lateral condyle of the femur

lateral surface

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36
Q

What is the insertion of the Rectus Abdominus?

A

Cartilage of 5th-7th ribs & xiphoid process

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37
Q

What is the insertion of the External Oblique?

A

Anterior ½ of external iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

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38
Q

What is the insertion of the Internal Oblique?

A

Internal surface of ribs 12 -10, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba.

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39
Q

What is the insertion of the Transversus Abdominus?

A

Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

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40
Q

What is the insertion of the Gluteus Maximus?

A

IT band (superficial fibers) & gluteal tuberosity (deep fibers)

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41
Q

What is the insertion of the Gluteus Medius?

A

Greater trochanter (lateral superior aspect)

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42
Q

What is the insertion of the Gluteus Minimus?

A

Greater trochanter (anterior border)

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43
Q

What is the insertion of the Piriformis?

A

Greater trochanter (superior aspect)

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44
Q

What is the insertion of the Sartorius?

A

Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

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45
Q

What is the insertion of the Tensor Fascia Lata?

A

IT Band

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46
Q

What is the insertion of the Quadratus Femoris?

A

Intertrochanteric crest

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47
Q

What is the insertion of the Pectineus?

A

Pectineal line of femur

from lesser trochanter to linea aspera

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48
Q

What is the insertion of the Adductor Brevis?

A

Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

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49
Q

What is the insertion of the Adductor Longus?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

50
Q

What is the insertion of the Adductor Magnus?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

51
Q

What is the insertion of the Gracilis?

A

Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon

52
Q

What is the insertion of the Biceps Femoris?

A

Head of the fibula

53
Q

What is the insertion of the Semitendinosis?

A

Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

54
Q

What is the insertion of the Semimembranosis?

A

Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

55
Q

What is the insertion of the Rectus Femoris?

A

Tibial tuberosity

via patella&patellar ligament

56
Q

What is the insertion of the Vastus Medialis?

A

Tibial tuberosity

via patella&patellar ligament

57
Q

What is the insertion of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Tibial tuberosity

via patella&patellar ligament

58
Q

What is the insertion of the Vastus Intermedius?

A

Tibial tuberosity

via patella&patellar ligament

59
Q

What is the insertion of the Tibialis Anterior?

A

Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

medial and plantar surface

60
Q

What is the insertion of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?

A

Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes

dorsal aspect

61
Q

What is the insertion of the Extensor Hallicis Longus?

A

Base of distal phalanx of 1st toe

dorsal aspect

62
Q

What is the insertion of the Peroneus Longus?

A

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

plantar surface

63
Q

What is the insertion of the Peroneus Brevis?

A

Base of 5th metatarsal

lateral side

64
Q

What is the insertion of the Gastrocnemius?

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

65
Q

What is the insertion of the Soleus?

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

66
Q

What is the insertion of the Plantaris?

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

67
Q

What is the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

A

Distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes

plantar surface

68
Q

What is the insertion of the Tibialis Posterior?

A

All five tarsal bones and bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals

plantar surface

69
Q

What is the insertion of the Flexor Hallicis Longus?

A

Distal phalanx of 1st toe

plantar surface

70
Q

What is the insertion of the Popliteus?

A

Proximal, posterior tibia

71
Q

What are the actions of the Rectus Abdominus?

A
  1. Flexion of trunk (bilaterally)

2. Compression of abdomen

72
Q

What are the actions of the External Oblique?

A
  1. Trunk flexion (bilaterally)
  2. Trunk lateral flexion to same side (unilaterally)
  3. Trunk rotation to opposite side (unilaterally)
  4. Compression of abdomen
73
Q

What are the actions of the Internal Oblique?

A
  1. Trunk flexion (bilateral)
  2. Trunk lateral flexion to same side (unilaterally)
  3. Trunk rotation to same side (unilaterally)
  4. Compression of abdomen
74
Q

What are the actions of the Transversus Abdominus?

A
  1. Compression of abdomen

2. Assists in forced expiration

75
Q

What are the actions of the Gluteus Maximus?

A

Hip:

  1. Extension
  2. lateral rotation
  3. Abduction
  4. some ADduction (lower fibers)

Pelvis:
1. Extension (distal attach. fixed)

76
Q

What are the actions of the Gluteus Medius?

A

All fibers:
1. ABduct the hip

Anterior fibers:

  1. flex the hip
  2. medially rotate the hip

Posterior fibers:

  1. extend the hip
  2. laterally rotate the hip
77
Q

What are the actions of the Gluteus Minimus?

A
  1. Abduction of hip
  2. medial rotation of hip
  3. hip flexion
78
Q

What are the actions of the Piriformis?

A
  1. Lateral rotation of hip

2. Abduction when hip is flexed to 90 degrees

79
Q

What are the actions of the Sartorius?

A

Hip:

  1. Flex the hip
  2. Laterally rotate the hip
  3. Abduct the hip

Knee:

  1. Flex the knee
  2. Medially rotate the flexed knee
80
Q

What are the actions of the Tensor Fascia Lata?

A
  1. Abduction of hip
  2. medial rotation of hip
  3. hip flexion
81
Q

What are the actions of the Quadratus Femoris?

A
  1. Hip lateral rotation
82
Q

What are the actions of the Pectineus?

A
  1. Adduct the hip
  2. Medially rotate the hip
  3. Assist to flex the hip
83
Q

What are the actions of the Adductor Brevis?

A
  1. Adduct the hip
  2. Medially rotate the hip
  3. Assist to flex the hip
84
Q

What are the actions of the Adductor Longus?

A
  1. Adduct the hip
  2. Medially rotate the hip
  3. Assist to flex the hip
85
Q

What are the actions of the Adductor Magnus?

A

Upper fibers:

  1. Adduct the hip
  2. Medially rotate the hip
  3. Assist to flex the hip

Posterior/lower fibers:
1. Extend the hip

86
Q

What are the actions of the Gracilis?

A
  1. Adduct the hip
  2. Medially rotate the hip
  3. Flex the knee
  4. Medially rotate the flexed knee
87
Q

What are the actions of the Biceps Femoris?

A
  1. Flex the knee
  2. Laterally rotate the flexed knee

Long Head:

  1. Extend the hip
  2. Assist to laterally rotate hip

Also: Tilt the pelvis posteriorly

88
Q

What are the actions of the Semitendinosis?

A
  1. Flex the knee
  2. Medially rotate the flexed knee
  3. Extend the hip
  4. Assist to medially rotate the hip

Also: Tilt the pelvis posteriorly

89
Q

What are the actions of the Semimembranosis?

A
  1. Flex the knee
  2. Medially rotate the flexed knee
  3. Extend the hip
  4. Assist to medially rotate the hip

Also: Tilt the pelvis posteriorly

90
Q

What are the actions of the Rectus Femoris?

A
  1. Extend the knee

2. Flex the hip

91
Q

What are the actions of the Vastus Medialis?

A
  1. Extend the knee
92
Q

What are the actions of the Vastus Lateralis?

A
  1. Extend the knee
93
Q

What are the actions of the Vastus Intermedius?

A
  1. Extend the knee
94
Q

What are the actions of the Tibilais Anterior?

A
  1. Invert the foot

2. Dorsiflex the ankle

95
Q

What are the actions of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?

A
  1. Extend the 2nd-5th toes (MP + IP joints)
  2. Dorsiflex the ankle
  3. Evert the foot
96
Q

What are the actions of the Extensor Hallicis Longus?

A
  1. Extend the 1st toe (MP and IP joint)
  2. Dorsiflex the ankle
  3. Invert the foot
97
Q

What are the actions of the Peroneus Longus?

A
  1. Evert the foot

2. Plantar flex the ankle

98
Q

What are the actions of the Peroneus Brevis?

A
  1. Evert the foot

2. Assist to plantar flex the ankle

99
Q

What are the actions of the Gastrocnemius?

A
  1. Flex the knee

2. Plantar flex the ankle

100
Q

What are the actions of the Soleus?

A
  1. Plantar flex the ankle
101
Q

What are the actions of the Plantaris?

A
  1. Weak plantar flexion of the ankle

2. Weak flexion of the knee

102
Q

What are the actions of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

A
  1. Flex the 2nd-5th toes
  2. Invert the foot
  3. Weak plantar flexion of ankle
103
Q

What are the actions of the Tibialis Posterior?

A
  1. Invert the foot

2. Plantar flex the ankle

104
Q

What are the actions of the Flexor Hallicis Longus?

A
  1. Flex the 1st toe
  2. Invert the foot
  3. Weak plantar flexion of ankle
105
Q

What are the actions of the Popliteus?

A
  1. Medially rotate the flexed knee

2. Flex the knee

106
Q

Which muscles flex the hip?

A 
Psoas major
Iliacus
TFL
Sartorius
Rectus Femoris
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Adductor longus (assists)
Pectineus (assists)
Adductor Brevis (assists)
Adductor Magnus (assists)
107
Q

Which muscles extend the hip?

A 
Gluteus Maximus
Biceps Femoris (long head)
Semitendinosis
Semimembranosis
Adductor Magnus (posterior fibers)
Gluteus Medius (posterior fibers)
108
Q

Which muscles medially rotate the hip?

A 
Gluteus Medius (anterior fibers)
Gluteus Minimus
TFL
ADductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Pectineus
Gracilis
Semitendinosis (assists)
Semimembranosis (assists)
109
Q

Which muscles laterally rotate the hip?

A 
Gluteus Maximus (all fibers)
Piriformis
Quadratus Femoris
Obturator internus
Obturator externus
Gemellus superior and inferior
Gluteus medius (posterior fibers)
Psoas major
Iliacus
Sartorius
Biceps Femoris (assists, long head)
110
Q

Which muscles aBduct the hip?

A 
Gluteus Maximus (all fibers)
Gluteus Medius (all fibers)
Gluteus minimus
TFL
Sartorius
Piriformis (when hip is flexed)
111
Q

Which muscles aDduct the hip?

A 
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Pectineus
Gracilis
Gluteus maximus (lower fibers)
112
Q

Which muscles flex the knee?

A 
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosis
Semimembranosis
Gracilis
Sartorius
Gastrocnemius
Popliteus
Plantaris (weak)
113
Q

Which muscles extend the knee?

A

Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius

114
Q

Which muscles plantar flex?

A 
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tibialis posterior
Peroneus Longus (assists)
Peroneus Brevis (assists)
Flexor digitorum longus (weak)
Flexor hallucis longus (weak)
Plantaris (weak)
115
Q

Which muscles dorsiflex?

A

Tibialis Anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus

116
Q

Which muscles invert the foot?

A 
Tibialis Anterior
Tibialis Posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Extensor hallucis longus
117
Q

Which muscles evert the foot?

A

Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis
Extensor digitorum longus

118
Q

Which muscles flex the spine?

A 
Rectus abdominus
External oblique (bilaterally)
Internal oblique (bilaterally)
Psoas major (with origin fixed)
Iliacus (with origin fixed)
119
Q

Which muscles rotate the spine?

A

External oblique (to opposite side)
Internal oblique (to same side)
Multifidi (to opposite side)
Rotatores (to opposite side)

120
Q

Which muscles do lateral flexion?

A 
Iliocostalis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Longissimus
Quadratus lumborum
Psoas major (assists)
Intertransversarii
Spinalis
Latissimus dorsi (assists)

Living Anatomy II (2 decks)

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