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Business Analytics Fundamentals > Final Exam 2 > Flashcards

Final Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is SWOT?

A

Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats

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2
Q

What are the 5 C’s of Marketing Strategy?

A

Customers, Company, Collaborators, Competitors, Context

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3
Q

What is a Target Market?

A

Group of customers a company wishes to reach

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4
Q

What is the Marketing mix?

A

Controllable variables the company uses to satisfy the target group

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5
Q

What is a PESTAL analysis?

A

Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environment, and Legal factors analysis

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6
Q

What are the 5 parts of a customer’s profile/persona?

A

Demographic profile - age, gender, education
Geographic variables - state, population, climate
Psychographic profiling - lifestyle, values, personality
Behavioral variables - usage rate, brand loyalty, benefits sought
RFM - Recency, frequency, monetary

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7
Q

What are the 4 P’s of marketing?

A

Product - physical characteristics, warranties, application benefits
Place - right product to the right place at the right time, in the right amount and in the right condition
Price - combination of science and art to set
Promotion - personal selling, mass selling, sales promotion

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8
Q

What are 4 market situations?

A

Monopoly -> one company for an entire customer base
Monopolistic Competition -> number of different firms offer marketing mixes that at least some customers see as different
Oligopoly -> small number of firms control the market
Pure Competition -> large number of firms compete with essentially similar of commodity-like products

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9
Q

What are some external marketing environments?

A

Economic - global economy, rapid change, interest rates are the key economic forces
Political - political stability, trade policy, labor laws
Legal - FDA, Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) (health and safety, advertising standards, product safety, product labeling, consumer rights)
Cultural/Social - Health consciousness, demographic data

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10
Q

What is market segmentation?

A

An aggregating process that clusters people with similar wants and needs into a market segment.

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11
Q

What is the difference between segmenting and combining markets?

A

Segmenting develops a different marketing mix for each segment (single target market approach and multiple target market approach)
Combining aims at two or more submarkets with the same marketing mix (could stem from company resources)

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12
Q

What are some criteria for determining segments?

A
  • People in the segment are roughly alike, along some important customer dimensions
  • People in the segment are different from people in other segments
  • The segment is large enough to be profitable
  • the segmenting dimensions should be useful for identifying customers and designing the marketing mix
  • If chosen to pursue: the company has the resources available to adjust its marketing mix to appeal to each segment
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13
Q

What are some behavioral dimensions of a consumer?

A
  • Needs
  • Benefits sought
  • Thoughts/attitude
  • Rate of use
  • Purchase relationship
  • Brand familiarity
  • Kind of shopping
  • Type of problem-solving
  • Information required
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14
Q

What is Positioning?

A

An approach that refers to how customer think about proposed or present brands in a market; the image your product/service has in the minds of your target customers.

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15
Q

What is dissonance?

A

uncertainty about the rightness of a decision (second guessing)

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16
Q

What are the steps in a consumer adoption process?

A

Awareness, Interest, Evaluation, Trial, Decision, Confirmation

17
Q

Consumer Problem Solving

A 
Drive - unsatisfied need exists
leads to
Cues - stimuli that trigger a drive or response
leads to 
Response - an effort to satisfy a drive

Reinforcement (response back to cues)

18
Q

What is the PSSP Heirarchy?

A

Personal Needs
Social Needs
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs

19
Q

Perception Types

A

Selective Exposure - We notice messages that interest us
Selective Retention - We remember messages that are consistent with beliefs and attitudes but do not remember those that conflict
Selective Perception - We let in messages that are consistent with beliefs and attitudes and filter out those that conflict

20
Q

What is branding?

A

the use of a name, term, symbol, design (or combination) to identify a product and create an emotional repsonse.

21
Q

What are some Product Classes?

A

Convenience products - staples, impulse, emergency buys
Shopping products - homogenous (same), hetero
Specialty products - few or no substitutes”
Unsought Products - new unsought, regularly unsought

22
Q

What are the four parts of a typical product life cycle?

A

Market Introduction - gain awareness
Market Growth - stress differentiation
Market Maturity - maintain brand loyalty
Sales Decline - milk, or phase-out or sell

Note: R&D is prior to introduction

23
Q

What is a direct channel system and why would you choose it?

A

Direct sales to consumer (no in between channels)
Why:
-greater control
-lower cost
-internet makes direct distribution easier
-direct contact with customers
-suitable intermediaries not available

24
Q

When are indirect channels best?

A
  • Consumers may shop at specific places or specific brands
  • convenience
  • established buying behaviors
25
Q

Channel Specialist

A

Adjust Discrepancies in Quantity (difference between the quantity of products that is economical for a producer to make or the quantity that consumers or users really want)

  • Accumulating
  • Bulk-breaking

Assortment with Regrouping Activities

  • Assorting
  • Sorting
26
Q

What are three types of Market Exposure?

A

Intensive - everywhere (convenience products)
Selective - sell it where it sells best (shopping products)
Exclusive - (specialty products)

27
Q

What are some trade offs between cost and customer service levels?

A

Lost sales goes down as customer service increase, but only to a certain degree.
Providing too much customer service can actually detract from the overall marketing effort because it can increase cost and possibly price the product out of the reach of consumers in the target market.

28
Q

What is the Storing function?

A

The marketing function of holding goods so they’re available when they’re needed.

  • necessary when production does not evenly match consumption
  • Storing can smooth out sales, increase profits and enhance customer satisfaction
  • balance supply and demand to keep rpices from sudden rises or falls
  • take advantage of economies of scale in production
  • keep stocks at convenient locations for customer’s needs
29
Q

What is the difference in One-price and Flexible Price poilcies?

A

One-Price

  • The same for everyone
  • Frequently purchased items
  • convenient
  • low cost
  • maintains goodwill

Flexible

  • Different customers, different prices
  • uses databases to make it easier
  • sales people an adjust prices
  • too much cutting can hurt profits
30
Q

What is skimming (pricing policy)?

A

Firm tries to sell at a high price before aiming at more price-sensitive consumers.
-may maximize profits in Market Introduction period if there are no/few substitutes or if customers are not price-sensitive

31
Q

What is penetration pricing policy?

A

Firm tries to sell the whole market at one low price

  • aims at setting a price low enough to discourage competition
  • maximizes volume at a specific price
32
Q

What is markup pricing?

A

dollar amount added to cost of products to reach selling price.
(necessary to cover the cost of distribution and allow intermediaries to make a profit)

33
Q

What is average cost pricing?

A

adding a markup to the average cost of a product

note: easy to lose money if demand forecasting is not highly accurate

average cost tends to go down as output increases due to economies of scale

34
Q

Push and pull promotions

A

push promotion blend to wholesalers and retailers who push it to consumers.
pull promotion blend to final consumers that will “pull” product by requesting it of retailers

35
Q

What are the three types of Product Advertising?

A

Pioneering - creates demand for category of products
Competitive - selective demand for specific brand
Reminder - keep products name on your mind

Business Analytics Fundamentals (2 decks)

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