Final Exam Flashcards
Karl Marx: What is a key giveaway a quote is about Marx?
- If the quote mentions class conflict, labor exploitation, or alienation
- Phrases like “the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle”
Karl Marx: What are some of Marx’s main ideas?
- Historical materialism: History is driven by material (economic) conditions.
- Class struggle is the engine of history.
- Alienation: Under capitalism, workers are separated from what they create and from their humanity.
- Class for revolution and a classless society (communism).
- Bourgeoise vs. Proletariat: Capitalism is inherently exploitative.
Karl Marx: What are some keywords that give away a quote is about Marx?
- Proletariat, Bourgeoisie, Class struggles, Alienation, Revolution, Means of production.
Jean-Jacques Rosseau: What is a key giveaway a quote is about Rosseau?
- If the quote talks about freedom being found in obedience, corruption by civilization, or general will over individual desires.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau: What are some of Rousseau’s main ideas?
- Humans are naturally good but corrupted by society.
- True freedom is obedience to a law one prescribes to oneself.
- General Will: Collective will aiming for the common good.
- The social contract should reflect the General Will.
- Believes in direct democracy.
Jean-Jacques Rosseau: What are some keywords that give away a quote is about Rosseau?
- General will, social contract, liberty, common good, natural state, sovereignty
Benjamin Constant: What is a key giveaway a quote is about Constant?
- If the quote is about ancients vs. moderns, private freedom vs. political freedom, or constitutional monarchy.
Benjamin Constant: What are some of Constant’s main ideas?
- Famous for comparing “liberty of the ancients” and “liberty of the moderns”. (political participation vs. individual rights)
- Advocated for a constitutional government that protects private life.
- Claimed that moderns don’t want full-time political lives; they want privacy, rights, and commerce.
Benjamin Constant: What are some words that give away a quote is about Constant?
- Liberty of the ancients, liberty of the moderns, representative government, private life, commerce, constitutional monarchy
W.E.B. Du Bois: What is a giveaway a quote is about Du Bois?
- If the quote talks about two-ness, double identity, or the veil, especially in the context of racism or black identity.
W.E.B. Du Bois: What are some of Du Bois’ main ideas?
- Developed the concept of double consciousness: Black Americans see themselves through their own perspective and the racist white gaze.
- Advocated racial uplist through education and leadership.
- Challenged racism in liberalism and American Democracy.
- Emphasized the internal conflict of Black identity in a white-dominated society.
W.E.B. Du Bois: What are some keywords a quote is about Du Bois?
- Double consciousness, the veil (metaphor), the two-ness, racial uplift, talented tenth (education), color line.
Frantz Fanon: What is a giveaway a quote is about Fanon?
- If the quote is about violence as liberating, colonial trauma, or the psychological struggle of the colonialized.
Frantz Fanon: What are some of Fanon’s main ideas?
- Wrote about the psychological effects of colocalization.
- Believed violence was necessary for the colonized to reclaim humanity.
- Focus on decolonization as a violent cleansing force.
- Colonization creates an inferiority complex in the colonized.
Frantz Fanon: What are some keywords that give away a quote is about Fanon?
- Colonization, decolonization, violence, inferiority complex, national consciousness, fanonism
Mary Wollstonecraft: What is a key giveaway a quote is about Wollstonecraft?
- If the quote is about women’s education, rationality, or critiques of domestic roles or “womanly virtues”.
Mary Wollstonecraft: What are some of Wollstonecraft’s main ideas?
- Early feminist philosopher
- Wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.”
- Argued that women are not naturally inferior, just denied education.
- Believed in reason and virtue for women — not just beauty or emotion.
- Called for equal education as the foundation of equality.
Mary Wollstonecraft: What are some key words that give away a quote is about Wollsonecraft?
- Education, reason, vindication, rights of women, equality, virtue
