Final Exam

Question 1

Is polyculture farming based on growing only one type of crop?

Answer 1

FALSE

Question 2

Must pesticide use be reported monthly to the county of agricultural commissioners?

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

What does the term ‘pasteurized’ refer to in dairy production?

Answer 3

The heating process used to kill harmful bacteria in milk.

Question 4

Is monoculture farming based on growing only one type of crop at one time on a specific field?

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

Do feeder pig finishers buy feeder pigs and grow them to slaughter weight?

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

Is Rhizobium an example of free-living nitrogen fixation?

Answer 6

FALSE

IT IS A SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN FIXATION (FREE-LIVING NITROGEN FIXATION: AZOTOBACTER & CLOSTRIDIUM)

Question 7

Is acaricide a type of pesticide that kills rodents?

Answer 7

FALSE

Question 8

What are the types of pesticides?

Answer 8

ACARICIDE–MITES, ALGAECIDE–ALGAE, AVIDICE–BIRDS, BACTERICIDE–BACTERIA, Insecticide–insects.

Question 9

Must pesticides be registered by the FDA to be legally sold or used in the USA?

Answer 9

FALSE

REGISTERED BY EPA

Question 10

Is Bacillus thuringiensis a predator that produces a toxin that destroys the midgut of an insect?

Answer 10

FALSE

IT IS A BACTERIA NOT PREDATOR

Question 11

Can Azotobacter fix nitrogen without a symbiotic relationship with plants?

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

Does the need for manual labor decrease when planting multiple species?

Answer 12

FALSE

Question 13

Does IPM focus on long-term prevention of pests or their damage by managing the ecosystem?

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

Is longitude the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth’s equator?

Answer 14

FALSE

EAST TO WEST

Question 15

What is the primary focus of a farrow-to-finish operation?

Answer 15

To raise hogs from birth to slaughter weight (240-270 pounds).

Question 16

How many pounds of feed does an average pig eat per day?

Answer 16

6 pounds.

Question 17

Approximately what percentage of milk in the US is produced by California?

Answer 17

20%

Question 18

What are top 5 states with the most cattle?

Answer 18

Texas, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, and California

Question 19

Is crop rotation a valuable cultural method for reducing insect and disease issues?

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

Are traps for rodents examples of biological control?

Answer 20

FALSE

MECHANICAL CONTROL

Question 21

Can pruning and other tools carry plant diseases from one plant to another?

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

Is integrated pest management one of the examples of agroecology?

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

Are pesticides organisms that damage or interfere with desirable plants in our fields and orchards?

Answer 23

FALSE

Question 24

Is the US Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program the governing entity for certified organic farming in the US?

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

Who regulates pesticides in the US?

Answer 25

the EPA

Question 26

What is an organism that lives in or on the body of another organism (the host) during some portion of its life cycle?

Answer 26

parasites

Question 27

What is the type of pesticide that kills insects?

Answer 27

insecticide

Question 28

When was the Federal Insecticide Act established?

Answer 28

1910

Question 29

What is an example of biological control to control aphid infestations?

Answer 29

ladybird beetles

Question 30

What type of pesticide kills birds?

Answer 30

Avicide

Question 31

What are examples of parasites?

Answer 31

Fleas and Ticks

Question 32

Who regulates pesticides in California?

Answer 32

CDPR

Question 33

When did the first concepts of Precision Farming start?

Answer 33

1980

Question 34

What is the software that links the data collected to create a useful map?

Answer 34

GIS

Question 35

List 3 disadvantages of monoculture farming.

Answer 35

soil degradation and erosion, increase in pest and diseases pressures, the loss of biodiversity.

Question 36

List 3 advantages of precision farming.

Answer 36

improves yields and profits, more details for decisions, reduce pesticide/fertilizer costs, reduce pollution, reduce crop loss.

Question 37

What is the main difference between monoculture and polyculture?

Answer 37

Monoculture farming is focused on growing only one type of crop at one time on a specific land; Polyculture farming grows multiple crops on multiple land.

Question 38

List 3 synthetic substances allowed for use in organic crop productions.

Answer 38

Alcohols–ethanol, isopropanol; Chlorine Material–calcium hypochlorite, Chlorine dioxide, Hypochlorous acid; Copper Sulfate; Hydrogen Peroxide.

Question 39

List 3 purposes of pesticide use in agriculture.

Answer 39

to control pests and diseases, increase crop yields, increase farming efficiency.

Question 40

Explain 2 advantages of polyculture farming.

Answer 40

Improve soil nutrition; Encourage nutrient cycling by planting crops that have nitrogen fixing abilities (legumes); Improve soil structure.

Question 41

What is sustainable agriculture?

Answer 41

Production of food and fiber, animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment, public health, human consumption, and animal welfare.

Question 42

What is biological control and list 3 biological agents?

Answer 42

Biological control is the intentional release of a natural enemy to attack a pest population and manage invasive species (pathogen, predators, parasites, herbivores).

Question 43

List 3 different types of agriculture.

Answer 43

Conventional farming, sustainable, precision.

Question 44

What are the differences between monoculture farming and organic farming?

Answer 44

Genetics: Monoculture - GMOs; Organic - NO GMO’s. Fertility: Monoculture - Chemically based, high energy input, hazardous, polluting; Organic –manure, compost, green manures, approved products (no synthetic). Pest Management: Monoculture - chemically based; Organic – IPM, Crop rotations. Moisture: Monoculture: rain, irrigation, down-stream impacts; Organic – rain, irrigation, reduced down-stream impacts. Labor: Monoculture–Minimized by inputs; Organic – heavy requirements. Equipment: Monoculture–big, expensive; Organic – specialized, to scale.

Question 45

What is ecology?

Answer 45

The study of the interaction between organisms and their environments.

Question 46

How much of the worlds ag land devoted to raising livestock?

Answer 46

75%, about half of US agriculture is livestock

Question 47

Top 5 beef producers in the world

Answer 47

US, Brazil, European Union, China, and India

Question 48

What is the most dominant beef-producing breed in the US?

Answer 48

Black Angus

Question 49

What are other beef-producing breeds?

Answer 49

Hereford, Piedmontese, Wagyu "Japanese Cattle"

Question 50

Grass-Fed Beef

Answer 50

Cattle were allowed to forage and graze on their own; animal is provided with natural diet as possible

Question 51

Organic Beef

Answer 51

Cattle cannot be raised confined in a feed lot for an extended amount of time, overcrowded or unsanitary conditions, exposed to artificial pesticides, fertilizers etc.

Question 52

What are the issues of beef production?

Answer 52

Methane gases, diseases, food safety, animal health, overgrazing of cattle

Question 53

Average feed consumption of cattle

Answer 53

2500 pounds of grain, 600 pounds of hay, and 20000 gallons of water

Question 54

How much of grain production goes to animal feed?

Answer 54

1/3 or 70-80%

Question 55

How many dairies in the US are family owned?

Answer 55

99%

Question 56

Average dairy cow

Answer 56

eats 100 pounds of feed/day, drinks 50+ gallons of water per day, produces 6-7 gallons of milk per day

Question 57

Problems in dairy production

Answer 57

air pollution, groundwater contamination, high rates of water usage

Question 58

Top 3 pork producing countries

Answer 58

China, European Union, US

Question 59

Top 5 states with the most hogs

Answer 59

Iowa, Minnesota, North Carolina, Illinois, and Indiana

Question 60

Feeder Pig Producers

Answer 60

From birth to 10-60 pounds