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PLANT 105: Food, Society and the Environment > EXAM 1 > Flashcards

EXAM 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?

A

Biotic- living organism
Abiotic- non-living organism

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2
Q

What is sustainability?

A

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, use our natural resources wisely

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3
Q

T/F Population Size – total number of individuals in a population

A

True

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4
Q

T/F When there are more deaths than births, the human populations increase

A

False

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5
Q

What are the factors that affect human population dynamics?

A

Birth rates, Death rates, immigration, emigration

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6
Q

Population Change Equation

A

Population change = (Immigration + births) – (Emigrations + deaths)

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7
Q

What is the population density?

A

How many individuals are in a certain area

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8
Q

T/F Age Structures – Help predict a populations future

A

True

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9
Q

T/F The discovery of Penicillin in (1929) is an example of discovery science

A

True

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10
Q

T/F Charles Darwin’s careful description of the diverse plants and animals he observed in South America is an example of hypothesis-driven science

A

False

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11
Q

What is the crude birth rate?

A

The number of live births per 1000 people in a population in a given year

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12
Q

What is the crude death rate?

A

The number of deaths per 1000 people in a population in a given year

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13
Q

Global Population Growth Rate Equation

A

Global Population growth rate : (CBR-CDR)/10

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14
Q

How many years for a population to double if the growth rate is 1.4?

A

70 years (Rule of 70) (70/1.4)=50 years

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15
Q

What are the 2 population growth models?

A

Exponential population growth model
Logistic population growth model

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16
Q

What is carrying capacity?

A

Maximum population size that a particular environment can support

17
Q

T/F Logistic growth model is J shaped at first and becomes S shape as soon as it reaches the carrying capacity

A

True

18
Q

Why is it that the world population grew so fast?

A
  1. Increase in food supply – domestication of plants & animals
  2. Disease control – development of vaccines, antibiotics and medicines
  3. Good sanitation
  4. Expansion of habitat – energy, housing, clothing
  5. Improving the quality of water supply and expanding access to it
19
Q

What is ecological footprint?

A

Is an estimate of the amount of land required to provide the raw materials an individual or nation consumes

20
Q

List four of the biodiversity components.

A
  1. Ecosystem diversity
  2. Species Diversity
  3. Genetic Diversity
  4. Functional Diversity
21
Q

T/F Genetic diversity is the variety of genetic material within a species or a population

A

True

22
Q

What is the importance of biodiversity?

A

-Diversity in pollinators & plants enable us to produce more food
-Medical discoveries to cure diseases will be limited if some plants, animals, fungi, bacteria are extinct
-Genetic diversity prevents diseases and helps species adapt to the changes in their environment

23
Q

What are the examples of non-renewable resources?

A
  1. Water
  2. Land and air
  3. Biodiversity
  4. Fossil fuel/energy
24
Q

T/F About 70% of the commercial energy used in the world and in the United States comes from nonrenewable energy resources

A

False (90%)

25
Q

T/F Energy conservation means reducing or eliminating the unnecessary wasting of energy

A

True

26
Q

What is science?

A

A way of knowing the natural world

27
Q

What are the 2 main scientific approaches?

A

Discovery and Hypothesis science

28
Q

T/F discovery science is mostly about explaining nature

A

False (Describing not Explaining)

29
Q

The scientific method approach is best described by which of the following in the correct order

A
  1. Observation, Question, Library Research, Hypothesis, Experimentation, Analysis
30
Q

How does the US rank in terms of the world’s most populous country?

A

3rd (US) 1st (India) 2nd (China)

31
Q

What are the steps of the scientific method?

A

Observation, Question, Library Research, Hypothesis, Experimentation, Analysis, Interpret

32
Q

List 3 sources of the Literature Resarch?

A
  1. Primary
  2. Secondary
  3. Tertiary
33
Q

Assume your results reject your initial hypothesis as indicated. What will you do next?

A

Change the hypothesis

34
Q

List four causes of world hunger.

A
  1. Poverty – no financial resources
  2. Conflict – war/political instability
  3. Climate Change – extreme weather affecting crop yields
  4. Economic inequality
  5. Poor infrastructure
  6. Population growth
35
Q

Discovery science vs Hypothesis Science

A

Discovery describes nature, Hypothesis explains nature

36
Q

What is the ground water?

A

Water that sinks into the soil and is stored in slowly flowing and slowly renewed underground reservoirs called aquifers

37
Q

T/F At present, about 40-50% of accessible fresh water in the US is used to grow crops and raise livestock

A

False (70-80%)

38
Q

What is agricultural sustainability?

A

Produce abundant food without depleting the earth’s resources or polluting the environment

39
Q
A

PLANT 105: Food, Society and the Environment (2 decks)

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