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Kinesiology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Explain Anatomical Position

A

Standing upright, facing forwards, feet parallel and flat on the floor, arms at the sides w palms facing forward

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2
Q

The sagittal plane passed through where?

A

Divides the body into left and right portions.

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3
Q

What are the brains two mains sources of fuel?

A

Glucose and oxygen

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4
Q

This joint provides the most mobility

A

Ball and socket

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5
Q

T/F? Carrying angle is greater in males than in females

A

False; greater in females

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6
Q

Scapular winging is usually an indicator of an inactive what?

A

Serratus anterior muscle

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7
Q

What are two major pronators of the arm?

A
  1. Pronator teres
    2 Pronator quadratus
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8
Q

Which bone structure is where growth of bone occurs?

A

Epiphyseal plate

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9
Q

List 3 exercises to strengthen VMO function

A

Step-ups, wall sits, knee extensions

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10
Q

Primary functions of the cerebellum

A

Coordination, balance, posture, fine motor control

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11
Q

What’s the most common type of ankle injury?

A

Lateral ankle sprain

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12
Q

What’s the most common type of joint in the body

A

Synovial

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13
Q

Ambidextrous people can do what?

A

Use both hands with equal skill

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14
Q

The sharp distal end of the elbow is called what?

A

Olecranon process

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15
Q

T/F? Medial epicondylitis is also called tennis elbow

A

False; golfers elbow

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16
Q

Which type of joint provides the most mobility?

A

Ball and socket

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17
Q

“Bones and soft tissue remodel along lines of stress” is indicative of what?

A

Wolff’s Law

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18
Q

What is the largest joint in the body?

A

The knee joint

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19
Q

Tommy John surgery is common for those who have an injury to this area

A

Shoulder (UCL)

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20
Q

When it comes to the radioulnar joint, there is the _______ radioular joint, and the _______ radioulnar joint.

A

Proximal, distal

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21
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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22
Q

The cervical plexus is made up of which spinal nerves?

A

C1-C4

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23
Q

The cervical plexus is made up of which spinal nerves?

A

C1-C4

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24
Q

What is tendinitis?

A

Inflammation/irritation of a tendon

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25
Q

Difference between a strain and a sprain?

A

Strain: injury to a muscle or tendon
Sprain: injury to a ligament

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26
Q

What are the arches of the foot?

A

Medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal, and transverse arches

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27
Q

What is the opposite of shoulder elevation?

A

Shoulder depression

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28
Q

During which type of contraction does a muscle lengthen?

A

Eccentric contraction

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29
Q

During a concentric contraction, what does the insertion typically do?

A

Moves closer to the origin

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30
Q

Explain key features of ligaments

A

Connects bone to bone, provides joint stability, less elastic than tendons

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31
Q

In this gait pattern, you see reduced shoulder flexion during the forward part of the movement

A

Hemiplegic gait

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32
Q

What’s another name for the medial collateral ligament

A

Tibial collateral ligament

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33
Q

Appendicular vs Axial skeleton

A

Appendicular: limbs, pelvic girdle, shoulder girdle (clavicle) (outside)
Axial: skull, vertebral column, and rib cage (inside)

34
Q

What’s the largest sesamoid bone in the body?

A

Patella

35
Q

This membrane keeps the radius and ulna from separating

A

Interosseous membrane

36
Q

What type of joint is the Atlantoaxial joint

A

Pivot joint

37
Q

Describe circumduction

A

A circular movement that combines flexion, extension, adduction, abduction

38
Q

Who are 3 types of specialists which a kinesiologist should have in his or her referral network

A

PT, orthopedic doctors, nutritionists

39
Q

What are radial deviation, ulnar deviation, flexion, and extension of the wrist?

A

Radial: movement toward thumb side
Ulnar: movement toward pinky side
Flexion: bending wrist forward (towards body)
Extension: straightening wrist (away from body)

40
Q

List the main lobes of the brain

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

41
Q

What % of the population is left handed?

A

10%

42
Q

The amount of force a muscle can produce is related to what factors?

A

Muscle size, fiber type, and neural activation

43
Q

What is the purpose of a bursa?

A

Reduces friction between tissues, such as bones, muscles, and tendons

44
Q

Characteristics of cartilaginous joints?

A

Slightly movable, connected by cartilage (e,g., intervertebral discs)

45
Q

Explain shin splints

A

Pain along the tibia caused by overuse or stress on the shinbone and surrounding muscles

46
Q

Efferent vs Afferent nerves

A

Efferent: Carry motor signals from the brain to the body
Afferent: Carry sensory signals from the body to the brain

47
Q

Muscle or muscle group that performs the opposite motion of the agonist is called what?

A

Antagonist

48
Q

Explain plantar fasciitis:

A

Inflammation of the plantar fascia, causing heel pain, often due to overuse

49
Q

The slight tension that is present in a muscle at all times, even when the muscle is resting, is called what?

A

Muscle tone

50
Q

The distance from the maximum lengthening to maximum shortening in a muscle is called what?

A

Excursion

51
Q

When the antagonist contracts at the same time as the agonist, it is called what?

A

Co-contraction

52
Q

What is a fibrous joint?

A

A joint where bones are connected by dense connective tissue, allowing little or no movement (sutures in the skull)

53
Q

What are the 12 cranial nerves?

A

Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

54
Q

A muscles origin is typically considered to be where relative to the body?

A

Closer to midline

55
Q

What do you do to avoid visual parallax?

A

View the object straight on and align your perspective perpendicular to the measurement plane

56
Q

The first digit is called what?

A

Pollex (thumb)

57
Q

The 3 main nerves that run down the arm

A

Median nerve, ulnar nerve, radial nerve

58
Q

What can knee valgus cause?

A

Stress on knee joint, potential ACL injury, increased risk of patellar dislocation

59
Q

Nearly 1/4 of your bones are found where?

A

Hands and feet

60
Q

T/F? The lumbosacral plexus is superior to the cervical plexus

A

False, cervical plexus is superior

61
Q

Please describe scaption

A

Movement of the arm in the scapular plane, appox 30-45 degrees anterior to the frontal plane

62
Q

_____ fibers are called grey matter

A

Unmyelinated fibers

63
Q

Knee valgus vs knee vagus

A

Valgus: inward angulation (knock-kneed)
Vagus: outward bowing of the knee (bow-legged)

64
Q

Knee valgus vs knee vagus

A

Valgus: inward angulation (knock-kneed)
Vagus: outward bowing of the knee (bow-legged)

65
Q

What does the temporal lobe known to have?

A

Functions for auditory processing, memory, and language comprehension

66
Q

When it comes to the elbow, the ____ does not move, the radius does.

A

The ulna

67
Q

The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with, or to which it is relevant is known as what?

A

Scope

68
Q

The nervous system is continually doing what?

A

Sending, receiving, and processing signals throughout the body

69
Q

What main extensors of the elbow are called what?

A

Triceps brachii

70
Q

What’s the opposite of shoulder protraction

A

Shoulder retraction

71
Q

The ____ lobe is responsible for executive function, innovation, and strategic thinking

A

Frontal lobe

72
Q

The #1 diagnosis that hand therapists treat is what?

A

Carpal tunnel

73
Q

A condition that suggests that a particular technique or drug should not be used is called what?

A

Contraindications

74
Q

Muscles of the rotator cuff

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

75
Q

What is one feature that sets man apart from animals

A

Thumb opposition

76
Q

The radiocarpal and carpometacarpal joints are the in wrist; what’s the 3rd one called?

A

Mid carpal joint

77
Q

Usually, what color is myelin

A

White

78
Q

Subluxation vs dislocation

A

Subluxation: partial or incomplete dislocation
Dislocation: complete separation of the joint

79
Q

Is the brachialis a flexor, extensor, or stabilizer?

A

Flexor

80
Q

Describe PMRF gait

A

Gait pattern influenced by postural distortions due to dysfunction in the postural-motor reflex system

81
Q

In these types of exercises, the segment furthest away from the body (known as the distal aspect) usually the hand or foot — is free and not fixed on an object

A

Open-chain exercise

82
Q

What is turf toe?

A

A sprain of the ligaments around the big toe joint, often due to hyper extension

Kinesiology (4 decks)

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