Final Exam Flashcards
What was World War I?
- “The Great War”; The Allies (Russia, France, Great Britain, Serbia, Italy, U.S., and Japan) vs. The Central Powers (Germany, Austria, Hungary, Turkey [Ottomans], and Bulgaria).
- Europeans wanted to take advantage of the weakness of the Ottoman empire.
- Trenches, Gas, Submarines, and Tanks.
Ended with the Treaty of Versailles.
What was World War II?
- Hitler and Nazi’s taking power in Europe
- Japan bombs Pearl Harbor bringing more U.S. forces into WWII
- Ends with D-Day, the largest military invasion in the history of the world. Troops storm the shores of Normandy.
- Hitler commits suicide and burns his body.
What was imperialism?
Period in the (mostly) 1800’s, which was the most modern at the time, when White people reached places they could not before and took them over.
- Colonization of Africa, Asia, India, Australia, New Zealand, North America, Chile, etc.
What was Blitzkrieg?
Lighting fast attacks that basically annihilate the opposition.
Used technology such as motorcycles, airplanes, and submarines.
What are trenches?
An invention of WWI, which are ditches where soldiers could hide from enemy fire so no one got their heads blown off by very advanced weaponry.
Who were the allies of WWI?
Russia, France, Great Britain, Serbia, Italy, U.S., and Japan
Who were the allies of WWII?
U.S., Great Britain, France, and Russia
Who were the Nazi’s/Fascism?
Also known as the National Socialist German Worker’s Party. An authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization.
Who was Hitler?
Born in Austria, he was first an untalented artist who fought in WWI and hated his home country of Austria, so he joined the Germans.
Joined the Nazi party, which he later became the head of and further more ruled the whole of Germany and surrounding Austria where he executed millions of innocent people.
What were the Unequal treaties?
Papers the Chinese were forced to sign, which gave the British everything.
What was the Meiji Restoration?
When Japanese emperor Meiji or Mutsuhito decided to embrace western culture and weapons, leading to the demise of the samurai and shogun.
He established schools where English and German were to be taught.
He converted the japanese samurai to a western-style army.
What was the Sepoy Mutiny?
Sepoys are Indian soldiers recruited for the British Army. The Sepoys get angered by their British counterparts and go on a killing spree of the British red coats. British were easily spotted in red, so they eventually invented khaki.
What was the French Resistance?
WWII; A secret underground French who fought the Nazi’s, mainly by sabotage (cutting phone wires, rescuing Jews, etc.)
What is Kamikaze?
Japanese pilots who really trusted that Japan were correct and they trained mentally and physically for a suicide attack.
What were the significance of submarines (u-boats)?
Allowed warfare beneath the surface.
Who led the piracy movement in Modern Imperialism?
The British East India Company.
What was the White Man’s Burden?
That White people were responsible for bringing “savage” nations to become civilized peoples and introduce them to ideas such as democracy, industrialism, and western culture altogether.
What was the scramble for Africa?
The European’s rush to grab some part of Africa as the continent became more and more discovered.
Who were the SS?
Hitler’s secret service/assassins.
Who was King Leopold?
The King of Belgium; Belgium received The Congo/Rwanda. King Leopold used his part of Africa to become extremely rich by selling rubber and ivory. He led two opposing tribes in Africa (Hutu and Tutsis) to a fierce war, which is still going on today.
What was the Anglo-Boer war?
The fight between Afrikaners and British to dominate Africa’s diamond industry; the British win.
When/Why was book burning done?
WWII; Books are burned, the educated are killed, because people who become intelligent can question authority and rebel against the Nazi party.
