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INTRO TO ORTHO > FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

rotator cuff tendons (activity)

A

(supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis)
-swimming, tennis, golf, throwing sports
-activities that stress shoulder mm with arms in overhead position
-drywall, installation
-assembly line work
-pain experienced when arm in more than 90º ABD

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2
Q

biceps long head tendon (activity)

A

swimming & throwing sports where arm is ADD, compressing tendon

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3
Q

common extensor tendon (activity)

A

-repetitive forceful ext, supination & radial deviation
-wheelchair athletes & meat cutters susceptible

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4
Q

common flexor tendon (activities)

A

-repetitive activity; hammering/ using screw driver
-sports involving wrist flex & pronation; golf & overhead serving in tennis

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5
Q

abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis tendons (activities)

A

activities requiring repetitive thumb use, radial & ulnar deviation & forceful gripping can cause “De Quervain’s tenosynovitis”

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6
Q

patellar tendon (activities)

A

running or jumping such as track & field

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7
Q

popliteus tendon (activities)

A

downhill running or walking combined with foot pronation
-can be confused with ITB syndrome

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8
Q

tibialis posterior tendon (activities)

A

running, using step machines or doing step aerobics combined with excessive pronation

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9
Q

achilles tendon (activities)

A

running combined with pronation, poor footwear or tight gastrocnemius-soleus mm

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10
Q

GH – anterior dislocation

A

-most common
-“subcoracoid dislocation”
-mechanism = excessive ABD & external rotation of humerus (ex. tackled from behind while throwing ball)
-another mechanism = FOOSH

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11
Q

LUNATE - dislocation

A

-dislocates in palmar direction
-mechanism = fall on outstretched hand, forcing wrist into hyperextension
-radius forces lunate in palmar direction, displacing lunate anteriorly into wrist between flexor tendons & capitate bone

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12
Q

TENDINITIS - testing

A

AR isometric testing painful on contraction of mm of affected tendon, especially if mm is contracted in a stretched position

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13
Q

BURSITIS - testing

A

AR isometric testing painful for bursae that are completely surrounded by other structures – pain stays constant while bursa is compressed = bursa differentiation test

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14
Q

impingement syndrome

A

-inflammation, pain & edema in tissues within coracoacromial arch & between acromioclavicular & GH joints
-painful compression of tendons, especially supraspinatus, may occur when humerus is ABD against acromion
-biceps tendon & subacromial bursa may also be affected

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15
Q

calcific tendinitis

A

-late occurring stage of rotator cuff tendinitis, usually in supraspinatus tendon
-supraspinatus holds head of humerus in place & constant pressure seems to “wring out” blood supply to tendon

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16
Q

trigger finger

A

-overuse, flexor tendons of finger may develop thickened, nodular swelling
-swelling unable to move through tendon sheath & gets caught
-finger stuck in flexion until passively extended by external forces

17
Q

de quervain’s tenosynovitis

A

abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis tendons

18
Q

SUPRASPINATUS TENDON (palpation)

A

-clt seated, arm behind back & elbow flexed
-humerus max internally rotated & max extended, bringing humeral attachment of supraspinatus out from under acromion
-palpated immediately inferior to AC joint
-through deltoid in indentation between anterior & middle fibers

19
Q

INFRASPINATUS TENDON (palpation)

A

-clt seated/ prone with humerus flexed 90º, ADD 10º & externally rotated 20º
-brings tendon out from under acromion
-palpated immediately inferior to AC joint & lateral portion of spine of scapula
-palpate tendon through posterior fibers of deltoid mm

20
Q

SUBSCAPULARIS TENDON (palpation)

A

-clt seated with humerus at side & elbow flexed 90º
-tendon palpated inferior to clavicle, lateral to coracoid process (medial to ant. deltoid)
-palpated deep in deltopectoral triangle, between tendons of long & short heads of biceps

21
Q

BICEPS LONG HEAD TENDON (palpation)

A

-clt seated, humerus internally rotated 20º or “hands on lap” position
-palpated inferior to clavicle, lateral to coracoid process in same areas as subscapularis tendon

22
Q

COMMON EXTENSOR TENDON (palpation)

A

-clt seated with elbow in slight flexion
-tendon distal to lateral epicondyle
-may extend over top of radial head, can be located by client pronating & supinating hand while therapist palpates for moving head

23
Q

COMMON FLEXOR TENDON (palpation)

A

-clt seated with elbow in flexion & wrist supinated
-tendon located distal to medial epicondyle

24
Q

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS & EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS TENDONS (palpation)

A

sheaths of two mm palpated at radial side of wrist

25
Q

PATELLAR TENDON (palpation)

A

palpated immediately inferior to patella

26
Q

POPLITEUS TENDON (palpation)

A

-palpated just inferior to lateral femoral condyle, directly posterior to LCL & biceps femoris tendon
-palpated through lateral gastrocnemius mm

27
Q

TIBIALIS POSTERIOR TENDON (palpation)

A

-foot in plantarflexion
-tendon in sheath palpated just posterior & inferior to medial malleolus

28
Q

ACHILLES TENDON (palpation)

A

lies between gastrocnemius-soleus complex & calcaneus

29
Q

SHOULDER BURSA (location)

A

-subacromial (subdeltoid) bursa between acromion & supraspinatus tendon, portion of bursa between deltoid mm & humerus
-subcoracoid portion not always present – palpated through ant. deltoid mm near acromion
-subscapular bursa between scapula & subscapularis mm, not easily palpable

30
Q

OLECRANON BURSA (location)

A

-between olecranon & subcutaneous fascia
-quite swollen & obvious when inflamed

31
Q

TROCHANTERIC BURSA - 2 (location)

A

-one between glute max tendon & trochanter

-other between glute medius tendon & trochanter

-bursae palpated through overlying glute max tendons

32
Q

ILIOPECTINEAL BURSA (location)

A

-between iliopsoas mm & iliofemoral ligament

-to palpate; supine, hip is flexed to 90º
-bursa located 1-2 cm inferior to middle third of inguinal ligament

33
Q

ISCHIAL BURSA (location)

A

-between glute max & ischial tuberosity
-palpated through glute max

34
Q

KNEE BURSA (location)

A

-pes anserine between tendons of sartorius, semitendinosus & gracilis mm & medial tibia

-infrapatellar bursa between patellar ligament & tibia

-other bursae between IT band & LCL & tibia
-all palpated through overlying tendons

35
Q

RETROCALCANEAL BURSA (location)

A

-between achilles tendon & calcaneus
-bursa palpated on either side of tendon

36
Q

tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis)

A

(common EXTENSOR tendon)
= tennis elbow:

repetitive forceful extension, supination, & radial deviation provoke extensor tendinosis

EX: wheelchair athletes & meat cutters

37
Q

golfer’s elbow (medial epicondylitis)

A

(common FLEXOR tendon)
= golfer’s elbow

repetitive activity; hammering or using screwdriver, sports involving wrist flexion & pronation like golfing & overhead serving in tennis

38
Q

bunion

A

-at 1st MTP joint capsule
-excessive bone growth (exostosis), callus & inflamed, thickened bursa over joint
-in response to joint hypermobility; poor biomechanics allow first MT to deviate medially
-phalanges deviate laterally, forming hallux valgus

39
Q

difference between tendons & ligaments

A

TENDONS – connect muscle to bone

LIGAMENTS – connect bone to bone

INTRO TO ORTHO (5 decks)

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