Final Exam Flashcards
In your own words, state the 5 statements that make up the Particle Theory of Matter.
1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.
2) All particles of one substance is the same. Different particles are made up of different substances.
3) The space between particles are large compared to the particles themselves.
4) Particles are always moving.
5) There are attractive forces among particles.
State the 5 methods of identifying that a chemical change has occurred.
1) A new colour has appeared.
2) A change in odour.
3) Formation of gas or bubbles.
4) Formation of a precipitate.
5) Production of heat or light.
What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change?
1) Physical Change = When the characteristic physical properties of a substance does not change, and no new substances are formed.
2) Chemical Change = When a new substance is formed that has new properties than those in the original substance.
State the Law of Electric Charges
1) Opposite charges attract
2) Like charges repel
3) Charged and neutral charges attract.
Distinguish between an insulator and a conductor and provide two
examples of each.
1) Insulator = Resists electrical flow (rubber and wood)
2) Conductor = Allows electrical flow (iron and copper)
Distinguish between static electricity and current electricity.
1) Static electricity is electric charges that are on the surface of an object.
2) Current electricity are electric charges that are in motion within a conductor.
List the four parts of a simple circuit and give examples of each.
1) Load = Lightbulb
2) Connectors = Wires
3) Source = Battery
4) Control device = Switch
Distinguish between a closed and an open circuit:
When current is flowing through a circuit, the switch is ________
b. In a circuit, electric charges flow from the _______ terminal to the
______ terminal
1) Closed
2) Negative
3) Positive
What is the name, use and function of the following components:
1) Cell
2) Battery
3) Switch
4) Fuse
5) Ammeter
6) Voltmeter
7) Resistor
8) Load
9) Connector
1) Cell - Power source
2) Battery - Power source
3) Switch - Controls the current through a circuit.
4) Fuse - Protects; protects against surges
5) Ammeter - Measures current
6) Voltmeter - Measures the potential difference across a load.
7) Resistor - Resists current
8) Load - Uses the electrical energy to perform a task
9) Connector - Connects electricity through a circuit
Define resistance.
Resistance slows down the flow of electrons.
Which of the following would have the higher resistance in a circuit: the conducting
wire or the light bulb? Explain.
The lightbulb because it slows down the current to convert the electrical energy into heat/light.
What is the advantage of connecting circuits in series? In parallel?
Circuits in series require less materials and the current stays the same throughout, but in parallel circuits if one part fails, the rest will still work.
Define current, potential difference, and resistance.
1) Current = The number of electric charges flowing past a fixed points per second.
2) Potential difference = The difference between the electric potential energy per unit of charge at 2 points in a circuit.
3) Resistance = The ability to resist the flow of electrons in a conductor.
What is the formula for Ohm’s law?
V = I x R
What is a short circuit? What device in your house is used to protect from electrical fires
in the case of a short circuit?
Short circuit is when electric current flows down the wrong pr unintened path with little to no resistance. (Fuse or circuit breaker)
Name the 3 methods for charging an object (with static electricity):
1) Charging by friction
2) Charging by contact
3) Charging by induction
Define the following terms:
1) Ecology
2) Ecosystem
3) Population
4) Community
5) Biodiversity
6) Biosphere
7) Lithosphere
8) Atmosphere
9) Hydroshpere
1) Ecology - A branch of science that studies the relationship between living things and their environment.
2) Ecosystem - Interactions of organisms and their non living environment
3) Population - A group of individuals of the same species.
4) Community - All the organisms that inhabit a particular region.
5) Biodiversity - The variety of organisms in an ecosystem and their influence on one another.
6) Biosphere - The part of the earth where organisms can live on.
7) Lithosphere - The hard part of the earth’s surface.
8) Atmosphere - The layer of gases above the earth’s surface.
9) Hydrosphere - All the water on the earth’s surface.
What is a food chain and a food web?
1) Food chain - Energy flow from one organism to another.
2) Food web - Multiple overlapping food chains within a single ecosystem.
Classify the following organisms as producers, consumers, or decomposers:
1) Pine tree
2) Cougar
3) Soil bacteria
4) Worms
5) Dogs
6) Grass
1) Pine tree = Producer
2) Cougar = Consumer
3) Soil bacteria = Decomposer
4) Worms = Decomposer
5) Dogs = Consumer
6) Grass = Producer
Classify the following organisms as herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores:
1) Snake
2) Bear
3) Rabbit
4) Caterpillar
5) Human
6) Owl
1) Snake = Carnivore
2) Bear = Omnivore
3) Rabbit = Herbivore
4) Caterpillar = Herbivore
5) Human = Omnivore
6) Owl = Carnivore
What is a top carnivore? Give an example.
A top carnivore is an animals that is not hunted down or preyed upon by other animals. Like a lion
Write out the word equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
1) Photosynthesis : Carbon dioxide + Water = Glucose + Oxygen
2) Cellular Respiration: Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon dioxide + Water
Where does photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur?
Photosynthesis occurs in only plants, but cellular respiration occurs in both plants and animals
Define the term pesticide and pest.
1) Pest = An unwanted organism that is harmful to human activity
2) Pesticide = A toxic substance thats use to kill the unwanted organism.
