Final Exam Flashcards
What is special about the carbon of a carbonyl group?
It is electrophilic due to resonance and induction.
why do alcohols have higher boiling points compared to ethers of similar size?
Alcohols have higher boiling points because they are polar an they can hydrogen bond which is strong that the bon in an ether
What problematic product forms when ethers are exposed to O2 for long periods of time?
hydroperoxide
What thermodynamic property is responsible for retro Diels-Alder reactions dominating at high temperatures?
When temp is above 200 degrees celcius, it dominates because it causes the entropy (-TdeltaS value) to be greater than the value of enthalpy. This causes delta G to be positive making the forward reaction unfavorable.
What kind of electromagnetic radiation is used for IR spectroscopy?
IR/infrared
What kind of electromagnetic radiation is used for NMR spectroscopy?
radio waves
Why is 1,3-cyclopentadiene such a good diene for Diels-Alder cycloaddition?
is it a good diene because it is always in cis conformation
Using the molecular orbital theory, explain why benzene is particularly stable.
it is stable because all of its bonding orbitals are filled which causes it to behave like a noble gas
Name one useful application for NMR.
NMR is useful for determining the structure of a molecule
Radiowaves correspond to the energy difference between what two states of a nuclei?
alpha spin and beta spin
What is on the x-axis of an NMR spectrum?
chemical shift (ppm)
What is on the y-axis of an NMR spectrum?
nothing
Does 12C have a net nuclei spin?
no because it has an even number of protons
How will an IR spectra of an unknown compound help you identify what it is?
An IR spectra can help me identify what it is because specific functional groups have predictable peaks in an IR spectrum. This would allow me to determine which functional groups the compound contains.
