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PSY-150 > Final Exam!! > Flashcards

Final Exam!! Flashcards

1
Q

What was the most likely reason that ancient peoples performed trepanning on others?

A

To release evil spirits

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2
Q

Professor Cantrell always checked the door to his office before leaving for class, lunch, or home. He would pull it closed and then rattle the doorknob three times to make sure that it was locked. He does this because he keeps thinking that he hasn’t really locked it well. His thoughts about this are a form of _____.

A

obsessions

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3
Q

Which mood disorder is a consistently deep sad mood?

A

major depression disorder

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4
Q

Michael decided to give up his job teaching at a small community college in Florida and become a monk. He moved to a nearby town with a monastery, took his vows, and is now living quite happily as a member of that religious order. By what definition might Michael’s behavior be considered abnormal?

A

statistically infrequent

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5
Q

Which model of abnormality talks about a genetic predisposition for abnormal behavior being triggered by an environmental event, life event, or series of events?

A

diathesis stress model

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6
Q

A _____ is a misinterpretation of an actual event or sensory perception.

A

delusions

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7
Q

This model of abnormality focuses upon the role of illogical thinking in creating psychological disorders.

A

cognitive

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8
Q

The most commonly diagnosed type of disorder (in the U.S.) is _____.

A

anxiety

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9
Q

Abnormal behavior is behavior that is _____.

A

deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing

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10
Q

Which model believes that abnormal behavior is a symptom of underlying disorders?

A

medical biologic

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11
Q

The cognitive model of abnormal behavior focuses on negative views of _____.

A

self, world, and future

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12
Q

Ronaldo has been experiencing periods of deep sadness alternating with periods of euphoria for the past three years. It is likely that Ronaldo has _____.

A

bipolar disorder

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13
Q

Frederic has rapidly-changing moods. He fluctuates between felling pretty happy and felling pretty sad, but never becomes clinically depressed or manic/euphoric. This has been going on for years. Frederic is likely suffering from _____.

A

cyclothymic

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14
Q

A discrete period in which there is the sudden onset of intense apprehension, fearfulness, or terror often associated with feelings of impending doom and there is no direct stimulus or threat present, it is a _____.

A

panic attack

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15
Q

Ritualistic behaviors that temporarily alleviate persistent uncontrollable thoughts, images, or impulses are _____.

A

compulsions

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16
Q

Carl was in a severe car wreck with his friends. One of his friends was killed in the crash. Cal suffered severe leg injuries. When he awoke in the hospital, he was unable to see even thought there was nothing wrong with his eyes or the part of his brain that processes vision. Carl is likely suffering from _____.

A

conversion disorder

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17
Q

Bulimics are different than anorexics in that they are _____ or _____ ______ in body size.

A

average; above average

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18
Q

Anorexics are different from bulimics in that they are relatively ______ about being sexually attractive.

A

unconcerned

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19
Q

Dissociative Disorders involve a break/split in memory, _____, and identity.

A

consciousness

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20
Q

Derailment in schizophrenia refers to _____.

A

jumping from topic to topic

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21
Q

Negative symptoms in schizophrenia refers to _____.

A

diminished emotional

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22
Q

All anxiety disorders involve excessive fear, anxiety and _____.

A

behavior disturbance

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23
Q

Excessive worry about losing a major attachment figure is a _____.

A

separation anxiety disorder

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24
Q

Clinically significant anxiety provoked by exposure to a specific feared object is _____.

A

specific phobia

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25
Q

Hoarding is part of what disorder category?

A

OCD–Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

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26
Q

Judy lied to mother and didn’t get caught. Since Judy didn’t experience any personal consequences or punishment, she concluded that it had not been wrong to lie. Judy is most likely in Kohlberg’s stage known as _____ morality.

A

preconventional

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27
Q

In which of Piaget’s stages does the child become capable of understanding conservation?

A

concrete operational

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28
Q

Jack believed animal lives were as important as human lives, so he jumped into the semi-frozen pond to save a drowning chipmunk. Jack is most likely in Kohlberg’s stage known as _____ morality.

A

post conventional

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29
Q

The idea that something still exits even when it’s out of sight is called _____.

A

object permanence

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30
Q

Studies in the U.S. show that only _____ of the population reach formal operations.

A

50 percent

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31
Q

Erickson’s first stage which is defined by the relationship of the individual to their primary care giver is _____ vs. _____.

A

trust; mistrust

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32
Q

Success at this Erickson stage leads, for the first time, to a sense of independence _____ vs. _____.

A

autonomy; shame and doubt

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33
Q

This model of religion sees religion as a vehicle for fulfilling individual potential and expressing individual values _____.

A

humanistic

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34
Q

Living your life in order to disciple others in the Christian faith would most likely be an example of operating on the following level of Maslow’s hierarchy: _____.

A

transcendent

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35
Q

In gender schema theory, gender identity is formed by _____ to one’s already perceived rules and roles of gender.

A

adding

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36
Q

Androgynous individuals do not have _____ sexual organs.

A

ambiguous

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37
Q

Two classic _____ questions are, “Why am I here?” and “What is the meaning of life?”

A

existential

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38
Q

A tendency to call God _____ is not part of Stage 0 in Fowler’s Faith Development.

A

dada

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39
Q

The person in this faith stage may behave in a way that threatens measured standards of righteousness–their behavior may be construed as radical.

A

universalizing

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40
Q

Wendell is realizing that God is both bigger than he can imagine and more personal than he can imagine. Wendell is likely in this stage of faith development.

A

conjunctive

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41
Q

The problem with Drive-Reduction theory is that it doesn’t explain why people (pick one of the following): -drink when not thirsty. -eat when not hungry. -sleep when not tired. -seek to maintain a state of homeostasis.

A

eat when not hungry

42
Q

All of the following are above Maslow’s Level of Esteem needs, except _____ (pick one). -Need to Know and Understand -Concrete Emotion -Self-Actualization -Aesthetic Needs

A

concrete emotion

43
Q

The David Reimer story suggests that the strongest factor in gender identity is _____.

A

sex (biologically speaking)

44
Q

All of the following are universal facial expressions, except _____ (pick one). -Surprise -Contempt -Disgust -Peace

A

peace

45
Q

The part of our brain that controls our sexual choices, or preferences in sex, is the _____. (Hint–damage to this area creates fetishes)

A

temporal lobes

46
Q

Babies that looked dazed and depressed were often seen in the _____ attachment category.

A

disorganized-disoriented

47
Q

Which of the following is not one of the nine dimensions of temperament? (pick one) -Nurturing -Quality of Mood -Threshold of Responsiveness -Attentions Span

A

nurturing

48
Q

Emotion was defined as: The feeling aspect of consciousness, characterized by a certain _____, a certain behavior that reveals the feeling to the outside world, and an inner awareness of feelings.

A

physical arousal

49
Q

Sexuality is driven by biological and cultural factors. The cultural factors are referred to as scripts. Which of the following scripts is correctly defined? (pick one) Romantic–Sex is a part of any relationship and is really only a tool for reproduction. Once you have sex, you can learn to like the person. Power–Sex is associated with love. Traditional–Religious script that says sex is reserved for marriage because of the bond it creates emotionally and physically. Movie–Sex and sexuality are just like you see them in the movies or on television.

A

Traditional–Religious script that says sex is reserved for marriage because of the bond it creates emotionally and physically.

50
Q

The part of our brains that controls our sex drive, or desire for sex, is the _____.

A

hypothalamus

51
Q

Unpredictable, large-scale events that create a great deal of stress and feelings of threat are called _____.

A

catastrophes

52
Q

Researchers found that the way we deal with _____ is the best predictor of how we handle stress overall.

A

daily hassles

53
Q

In which of the Selye’s stages is death a possible outcome?

A

exhaustion

54
Q

Cults use the _____ by asking potential members if they can have two minutes of their time.

A

foot-in-the-door technique

55
Q

If behavior is assumed to be caused by internal personality characteristics, this is known as ______?

A

dispositional cause

56
Q

Which form of talking is typical of males?

A

report talking

57
Q

John and Sarah worked in the same office. After awhile, they began dating. This is a relationship formed from _____.

A

proximity

58
Q

Tim had low self-esteem. He spent time with a group, but doubted that they really liked him even though they said they did and acted like it. Tim is the exception to which rule of attraction?

A

reciprocity of liking

59
Q

The three corners of Sternberg’s Triangle of Love are _____?

A

intimacy, passion, commitment

60
Q

Compassionate love lacks _____?

A

passion

61
Q

Jack and Diane were recently wed. Jack is certain that Diane will fulfill all of his relationship needs and finally make him a whole person. He is totally reliant on her for meeting these needs. Jack is likely to have a(n) ____ relationship with Diane.

A

enmeshed

62
Q

When evaluating stressful situations, the primary appraisal is designed to _____?

A

estimate the severity of the stress and classify it as a threat or challenge

63
Q

Marjory had just gotten married. She realized that she was experiencing both good and bad stress from this change. This stress is due to _____?

A

major life changes

64
Q

Frustration is _____?

A

the sense of being blocked or prevented from achieving a desired goal or filling a need

65
Q

Which theory states that we try to explain what causes our behavior and the behavior of others _____?

A

attribution theory

66
Q

The tendency to attribute our own behavior to external factors, but other people’s behavior to internal factors is referred to as _____?

A

actor-observer effect

67
Q

Johnny believed that all blondes were dumb and thus he didn’t like being around them. This is an example of _____.

A

prejudice

68
Q

Assumptions or naïve belief systems people make about which personality traits go together (i.e. We assume that someone who embodies a good trait, embodies nothing but good traits.) is part of what theory?

A

implicit personality

69
Q

I helped my friend Brandon move into his new house. This summer I may expect him to help me paint mine. This is an example of which form of compliance?

A

norm of reciprocity

70
Q

Milgram identified three factors that discouraged obedience to his researchers demands. They were 1) when subjects saw someone else disobey; 2) when the victim was made to seem more human; and 3) _____.

A

when authority was seen as not legitimate or close by

71
Q

Social impairment is defined as _____.

A

the negative influence of others on individual performance

72
Q

Zimbardo found that people are more likely to change their behavior based on their _____ role than by any internal traits or characteristics such as morals or values.

A

social

73
Q

List 5 ways to promote wellness in one’s own life.

A

-Change what you can -Journal -Reframe the problem -Talk to a friend -Laugh -Exercise -Read Scripture -Relax -Pray/Meditate

74
Q

List the 5 Love Languages.

A

-quality time -words of affirmation -gifts -acts of service -physical touch

75
Q

List the three dimensions of making a good impression.

A

-good/bad -strong/weak -active/passive

76
Q

Reciprocal Determinism says that behavior is determined by the following three categories: _____.

A

behavior, environment, and personal factors

77
Q

Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization?

A

humanism

78
Q

Maslow’s pyramid is divided into two types of needs. They are _____ and _____?

A

fundamental deficiency needs; growth needs

79
Q

The only two methods that allow researches to go beyond the psychological goal of description are the experiment and _____ studies.

A

correlation

80
Q

The manipulation of variable in a psychological experiment would be used to _____ results.

A

control

81
Q

According to Maslow, a person who wants to become self-actualized must first satisfy _____ needs.

A

basic

82
Q

Cindy-Lou doesn’t like herself at all, but she thinks highly of her roommate. Recently, I’ve noticed that she’s begun to dress and even talk like her roommate. This is called _____.

A

identification

83
Q

Randolph hates women but cannot admit it to himself. He campaigns vigorously for women’s rights. This is called _____ formation.

A

reaction

84
Q

When Jimmy came home late at night, he tiptoed up to his bedroom. He had learned that being noisy caused his father to awaken and begin yelling at him. The fact that Jimmy has learned to tiptoe in order to keep his father from yelling is an example of _____ reinforcement.

A

negative

85
Q

After awhile, the dog learned to salivate whenever he was presented with the sound of the bell. Salivation in this scenario is an example of a _____ response.

A

conditioned

86
Q

The “what happened” goal of psychology is _____.

A

description

87
Q

The stage where girls are most likely to believe that boys have cooties is the _____ stage.

A

latency

88
Q

Maslow believed that traditional psychology was _____ and tried to break humanity into a collection of habits and conflicts.

A

reductive

89
Q

After awhile, the pigeon was no longer reinforced for pushing the bar. Soon the pigeon quit pushing the bar. This is known as _____.

A

extinction

90
Q

In order for children to successfully navigate the Phallic Stage, they must learn to identify with their _____ ______ parents.

A

same sex

91
Q

A monkey is given two sticks that can be connected together. A banana is placed outside of the monkey’s cage just out of reach of one stick. After a brief time, the monkey figures out that the sticks can be connected and gets the banana. This is an example of _____ learning.

A

insight

92
Q

Psychology involves the scientific study of _____ and _____.

A

behavior; mental processes

93
Q

In psychoanalysis, the part of the “iceberg” that is above the water is called the _____ mind.

A

conscious

94
Q

_____ positive regard is defined as “love, affection, and warmth that is given if you do what others want you to do.”

A

conditional

95
Q

A child has been classically conditioned to fear a white rat. If the child also shows fear when shown a white rabbit, this is called _____ generalization.

A

stimulus

96
Q

William James believed you couldn’t really study consciousness and could only study the observable factors in how people relate to their environment. His theory was called _____.

A

functionalism

97
Q

Educated guesses or “rules of thumb” based upon prior experiences are called _____.

A

heuristics

98
Q

The movie passes Dan gave to his children for picking up their rooms is an example of _____ reinforcement.

A

secondary

99
Q

The part of the personality that would insist that you eat your vegetables before dessert is the _____.

A

superego

100
Q

Derek has been struggling to accept his new baby sister. In fact, he’s been crawling around the house and asking to drink out of a bottle. This is called _____.

A

regression

PSY-150 (3 decks)

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