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Professional Nursing (Bruno) > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

what is informatics

A

Defined as the use of information and
technology to communicate, manage
knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision
making

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2
Q

definition of nursing informatics

A

Integration of technology and physical devices with nursing knowledge and nursing clinical- decision making skills.

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3
Q

What does the HIMSS do? (The Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society)

A

Works to improve healthcare quality, safety, and
outcomes through improving the use of information
technology (IT) and systems.

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4
Q

Benefits of Technology and Informatics

A

 Real time information that is up-to-date and readily
available
 Allows providers to see trends in data

 Minimizing errors (Barcoding, Computerized Provider, Order Entry (CPOE), Smart pumps)

 Contributes to health information literacy (Can guide clients to credible information)

 Database technology is necessary for EBP

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5
Q

What do electronic health records help with?

A
  • Providing accurate, up-to-date, and complete information about patients in real time
     Enabling quick access to patient records for more coordinated, efficient care
     Securely sharing electronic information with patients and other clinicians
     Helping providers more effectively diagnose patients, reduce medical errors, and provide safer care
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6
Q

the 5 benefits of patient portals

A
  • Better health outcomes
  • Chronic condition management
  • Timely access to care
  • Patient retention
  • Patient-centered medical home recognition
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7
Q

Healthcare Information Systems: Clinical information system “benefits”

A
  • Allows multiple disciplines to simultaneously
    access patient’s chart, record data that multiple
    healthcare providers can view and analyze in
    real time
     Provides most accurate, current information
    about patient
     When used at point of care, nurse can
    immediately record patient information
     Nurse should have access to diagnostic data,
    other providers’ evaluations of patient,
    pharmacy information
     Chart should include safety information
     Should allow nurse to print discharge
    instructions to review with patient and help with
    patient teaching
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8
Q

Benefits of Computerized provider order entry (CPOE)

A

 Increases accuracy of ordering
 Improves patient safety
 Decreases the amount of time from order to treatment

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9
Q

Benefits of Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS)

A

A CDSS uses a knowledge base and programmed rules, protocols, and evidence- based guidelines to match against patient data in the EHR and deliver alerts or recommendations to the provider.

Benefits
Can reduce medication errors
Can increase adherence to best practice
protocols
Can decrease costs

Can be challenging
If not set up correctly
If too difficult to navigate
If creates too many alerts, leading to alert
fatigue

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10
Q

EHRs and CDSSs are designed to provide nurses with…

A
  • Alerts
  • Reminders
  • Recommendations
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11
Q

The 5 pillars of meaningful use compliance (EHR)

A
  • Improving population and public health
  • Engage patients and family
  • Improve quality, safety, efficiency, and reduce health disparities
  • Improve care coordination
  • Maintain privacy and security of personal health information
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12
Q

Telehealth vs Telecare

A

telehealth: the use of electronic
information and telecommunications
technologies to support and promote long-
distance clinical health care, patient and
professional health-related education,
public health, and health administration

Telecare: refers to technology that allows
consumers to stay safe and independent in
their own homes.

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13
Q

Statutory law

A
  • laws made by legislative branches at federal, state, local levels
  • Ex: informed consent laws; reporting laws
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14
Q

Administrative law

A
  • Laws made by administrative agencies (BON)
  • Administrative agencies are given power to interpret and
    enforce the laws
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15
Q

Criminal law

A
  • Conduct harmful to a person
  • Can be punished by fines/prison
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16
Q

Civil law

A
  • Deal with rights of private individuals (ie: lawsuits)
  • Tort- a civil wrongdoing committed against someone
17
Q

Tort Law

A
  • If an individual carries out an act or fails
    to carry out an act and that results in
    injury or harm to a client—a tort has
    been committed.
    ● Essentially, a tort is a civil wrong that has
    been committed against an individual.
    ● Torts can be further categorized into
    intentional or unintentional.

o Unintentional and intentional actions or omissions that result in harm to another person or property
o Unintentional
o Negligence
o Malpractice
o Intentional
o Assault
o Battery
o False Imprisonment
o Invasion of privacy

18
Q

Negligence

A

■ damages person or property without intent to injure
■ Conduct that deviates from what a reasonable person
would do in a particular circumstance

19
Q

Malpractice

A

Acts and omissions committed by a professional while performing his/her professional duties

20
Q

professional negligence = ?

A

malpractice

21
Q

You have to mandatorily report what?

A

Abuse
Danger to self
Danger to others
Death of client
Death of neonate
Infectious disease that are deemed DPH concerns (ie: TB)
Nurses who violate the Nurse Practice Act
Mandatory Reporting of Impaired Licensees

22
Q

What is Good Faith Immunity

A

■ Healthcare workers are
protected from civil/criminal
liabilities when suspected
abuse is reported in good faith

■ Applies to suspected child
abuse, elder mistreatment,
certain illnesses or injuries,
crimes involving minors

23
Q

What are the 3 principles of Belmont Report

A
  • Respect for persons
  • Beneficence
  • Justice
24
Q

vulnerable patients in research

A
  • Fetuses
  • Neonates
  • Children
  • Prisoners
  • Those who are
    cognitively impaired
  • Those who are
    educationally
    disadvantaged
25
Q

what are the 4 elements of Informed Consent

A
  1. Disclosure of the essential study information to
    the subject
  2. Comprehension of this information by the subject
  3. Competence of the subject to give consent
  4. Voluntary consent of the subject to participate
26
Q

what to remember about pediatric patients in research

A
  • If the subject is a minor or is not
    able to give informed consent
    because of mental or physical
    disability, that subject may
    provide what is called assent to
    participate in the study.
  • Usually completed in a child > 7 year
27
Q

What is the institutional review board

A

a committee that is responsible for reviewing research protocols for potential ethical problems

28
Q

What is the IRB’s role?

A
  • Assessing for “fair” recruitment
  • Evaluate inclusion and exclusion criteria
  • Determine investigator subject relationship
  • Review consent for Autonomy,
  • Protection, Risk and Benefit
  • Review consent forms for clarity and process
  • Assessing Risk and Benefit
29
Q

What is patient advocacy?

A

Disease results in decreased independence, loss of freedom, and interference with the ability to make choices autonomously

Therefore……….Advocacy becomes the foundation and essence of
nursing, and nurses have a responsibility to promote human advocacy.

30
Q

what are the 5 aspects of empowerment?

A
  • Self-efficacy
  • Self-awareness
  • Confidence
  • Coping skills
  • Health literacy
31
Q

does an ethics committee make clinical decisions?

A

No, it does not

32
Q

What can ethics committees do?

A

guide the discussion and act as mediator when there is conflict among the parties.

33
Q

What is HMO insurance plans?

A
  • Coverage limited to providers contracted with HMOs
  • patients have to have a primary care provider (PCP)
34
Q

What is PPO insurance plan?

A
  • doesn’t require the patient to select a PCP
  • more options for providers
  • members pay less if use in-network providers, but freedom to choose out-of-network
35
Q

Medicare

A
  • available to people age 65 or older who have worked in Medicare-covered employment, younger people with disabilities, people with end-stage renal disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
36
Q

Medicaid

A
  • available to low-income individuals and families, older adults, and people with disabilities who meet the eligibility requirements
  • funded by states and federal govt
37
Q

What are the branches of government

A

Legislative: –> Congress –> House of rep./Senate

Executive: President –> Vice president

Judicial: Supreme Court

38
Q

Resource Allocation

A

people the distribution of resources among competing groups of people or programs

39
Q

Ways insurance companies ration resources

A

They deny coverage for:

 1. Services that are1. Services that are experimental
 2. Services not supported by scientific research that prove their efficacy
 3. If the patient has not used the basic/less expensive treatment first

Professional Nursing (Bruno) (2 decks)

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