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CVM 723- Virology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

Dogs (6), Cats (6), Ruminants (6), Horses (6), Wildlife (3), Marine mammals (3)

1
Q

Describe the epidemiology of canine herpes

A

Present worldwide. Kennels have high rates of infection, and many dogs will be found to have life-long latent states of infection

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2
Q

Canines of what age are at highest risk for disease with canine herpes?

A

1-3 weeks old
(transmission of body fluids through droplets/aerosol)

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3
Q

What are the clinical signs of canine herpes

A

Vary widely- depression, hypothermia, painful crying, anorexia, respiratory distress, soft stool, nasal discharge

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4
Q

Pseudorabies (Mad Itch/Aujezsky’s Disease) in dogs is associated with what activity?

A

Hunting feral pigs or feeding infected meat to dogs

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5
Q

What are the clinical signs of Pseudorabies (Mad Itch/Aujezsky’s Disease) in dogs?

A

Pruritis (itchiness), jaw and pharynx paralysis followed by drooling, signs simulate rabies however they don’t become aggressive to other animals of humans

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6
Q

Pseudorabies is caused by which type of virus?

A

herpesvirus

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7
Q

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV 1) is caused by which type of virus?

A

Adenovirus

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8
Q

What is the common name for Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (CAV2)

A

Kennel cough
**Caused by adenovirus)

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9
Q

What are some defining characteristics of kennel cough?

A
  • Dry hacking cough
  • typically seen in crowded conditions such as shelters or daycares
  • develops 5-10 days after exposure to infected dogs
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10
Q

Which canine virus causes the following:
- Warts seen in the mouth or paws
- bad breath
- can lead to difficulty eating and drinking if clusters become too large
- warts may induce cancer and require surgery

A

Canine Papilomavirus

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11
Q

Which canine virus causes the following:
- highly contagious disease that affects dogs of all ages
- puppies less than 6 months are most susceptible
- CS: fever, depression, lethargy, anorexia, bloody vomit/diarrhea
- can cause myocarditis in puppies (used to be more common, now more rare because of passive immunity from mom)

A

Canine parvovirus 2 infection

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12
Q

Which canine virus causes the following:
- causes mild enteritis and respiratory disease
- can be a co-infection with parvo and exacerbate the infection
- transmitted through contact with oral secretions or infected feces

A

Canine coronavirus (CCV)

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13
Q

Which canine virus causes the following:
- disease is highly contagious and often fatal
- virus is shed in all bodily secretions
- immunosuppression is the dominant effect of infection
- recovery from infection leads to life long immunity
- CS: fever, gunky eyes, nasal discharge, bronchitis, coughing, gastroenteritis, can cause CNS signs like gum smacking, incoordnation, muscle tremors (chorea)

A

Canine distemper (CDV)

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14
Q

What type of virus causes canine distemper?

A

Paramyxovirus

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15
Q

Which canine virus causes the following:
- unstable in environment and exhibits antigenic shift and drift with many serotypes
- respiratory signs
- greyhounds more susceptible? they die quickly or something

A

Canine influenza

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16
Q

Which canine virus causes the following:
- virus is unstable in environment
- CS: inappetence, CNS symptoms, restlessness, hydrophobic, hypersensitive, unable to swallow saliva

A

Rabies (rhabdovirus)

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17
Q

Which feline virus is classified by the following:
- Part of the feline upper respiratory-conjunctival disease complex
- CS: rhinitis and pharyngitis, sneezing, nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, and dendridic corneal ulcers
- fading kitten syndrome

A
  • Feline viral rhinotracheitis (herpesvirus)
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18
Q

Which feline virus is classified by the following:
- Part of the feline upper respiratory-conjunctival disease complex
- respiratory type: dyspnea, tongue, gingivia, and hard palate ulcers, affects mucosal cells
- lymphoreticular type: affects younger kittens 4-10 weeks old, limping, stiffness, soreness, affects synovial tissue
- virulent systemic: spreads via fomites, resp disease progresses causing vascular injury, edema, fever, ulcerative dermaitits

A

Feline calicivirus infection (FCV)
caused by herpesvirus

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19
Q

Which feline virus is classified by the following:
- lethargy, anorexia, fever, V/D, abortion, dehydration, ataxia with cerebellar hypoplasia

A

Feline Panlekopenia Virus
-if you get smacked with a pan you will not be right in the head (thanks kelsie)

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20
Q

Which type of virus causes feline panleukopenia virus?

A

Parvovirus

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21
Q

Which feline virus is classified by the following:
- chronic disease is possible by immune compromise
- transmitted through direct contact, vertical or horizontal
- most common cause of lymphoma cancer in cats
- won’t show signs in the beginning, will deteriorate over time

A

Feline leukemia virus

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22
Q

What type of virus causes feline leukemia and feline immunodeficiency virus?

A

retrovirus

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23
Q

Which feline virus is classified by the following:
- seen mostly in male cats (cause they fight)
- CS: enlargement of lymph nodes, reduction in LN, anemia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, uveitis, glomerulonephiritis
- can lead to secondary clinical syndromes associated with immunosuppression

A

Feline immunodeficiency virus

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24
Q

Which feline virus is classified by the following:
- more cats get diagnosed with this virus than dogs
- CS: inappetence, anxitey, CNS signs, restlessness, hypersensitive, wandering, biting/aggression

A

Rabies virus

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25
Q

Which feline virus is classified by the following:
- wet form: effusion into the thorax and abdomen, pyogranuloma and fibrinous plaques on serosal surfaces of abdominal organs, dyspnea, muffled heart sounds, uveitis, changes in iris coloration
- dry form: occular lesions and CNS signs more common, granulomas in abdominal cavity leading to granulomas, fatality is high

A

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)

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26
Q

What type of virus causes FIP?

A

coronavirus

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27
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- mild often recurrent disease in dairy cattle
- associated with poor hygiene on udders and inguinal area
- be careful of secondary bacteria infections
- zoonotic and reportable
- proliferative lesions

A

Pseudocowpox

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28
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- common infection in beef cattle
- lesions in hard palate or around lips

A

Bovine papular stomatitis virus

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29
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- Part of bovine respiratory disease complex
- seen in beef feedlots
- ocular and nasal discharge, ear droop or head tilt, cough, rapid breathing and fever
- excessive salivation in live cows leading to death
- corneal keratitis and ulceration

A

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (BHV-1)

30
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- cornified/raised lesions
- teat warts
- can lead to chronic infections, self-healing most of the time

A

Bovine papillomatosis (papillomavirus)

31
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- major cause of viral gastroenteritis in young animals, common in crowded facilities
- diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, loss of fluids and electrolytes, severe dehydration, and death

A

Rotavirus A Diarrhea

32
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- Petechial (capillary) hemorrhage is characteristic
- infections are common but rarely clinical
- reportable

A

Bluetongue virus
(Reovirus)

33
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- part of bovine resp disease complex
- range from mild infection to severe bronchitis and intersititial pneumonia- wet lungs on necropsy
- quick onset death

A

Bovine Respiratory Syncytial virus
(paramyxovirus)

34
Q

What is a defining characteristic of rinderpest?

A

Globally eradicated via mass Vx of cattle

35
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- oral ulcers and ulceration around the hooves
- zoonotic and reportable

A

vesicular stomatitis virus (Rhabadovirus)

36
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- part of BRD complex
- oral ulcerations
- head extended and back arched from respiratory disease
- repro- abortions, spastic/dummy calf disease
- lesions noticed upon necropsy on peyers patches
- neuro- cerebellar hypoplasia

A

Bovine viral diarrhea

37
Q

What type of virus causes Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus?

A

pestivirus
(diarrhea is a pest)

38
Q

Which bovine virus is classified by the following:
- cannot be cooked out of meat
- brain degeneration and vacuolation on necropsy

A

Mad cow disease
caused by a prion

39
Q

Which small ruminant virus is classified by the following:
- lambs may spread to the udders of ewes
- spread rapidly in flocks via scabs in the environment
- recovered animals are immune for a few months
- 3-6 month old lambs develop lesions in the oral musculocutaneous/oral commissures, muzzle and nostrils
- zoonotic

A

Contagious Ecthyma Virus (Orf)

40
Q

Which small ruminant virus is classified by the following:
- seen in sheep
- decreased milk production, masititis, decreased weight gain, increased mortality in lambs
- signs typically slow and progressive
- respiratory distress
- need to cull all affected animals

A

Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP)

41
Q

Which small ruminant virus is classified by the following:
- decreased milk production, mastitis, decreased weight gain, higher mortality in kids
- proliferative arthritis
- respiratory distress
- cull all affected animals

A

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus

42
Q

Which type of virus causes OPP in sheep and Caprine arthritis encephalitis in goats

A

retrovirus

43
Q

Which small ruminant virus is classified by the following:
- occurs in late summer to early fall
- CS: loss of fleece, abortion, fever, nasal discharge, salivation, swelling, edema, ulceration of tongue, foot lesions, rapid loss of condition
reportable

A

Bluetongue virus (Catarrhal fever)

44
Q

what type of virus causes bluetongue?

A

Reovirus

45
Q

Which small ruminant virus is classified by the following:
- damage to nerve cells leads to behavioral changes, tremors, pruritis
- incoordination that leads to recumbency and death

A

Scrapie (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies)
Prion disease

46
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- lameness, colic, hyperesthesia, ataxia, paresis and paralysis, encephalopathy, behavior changes, vocalization
- zoonotic

A

Rabies

47
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- painful vesicles in the mouth and on the lips leading to anorexia, salivation, fever
- zoonotic and reportable

A

vesicular stomatitis virus

48
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- predilection for nervous tissue
- ataxia, limb weakness, tremors, ascending paresis to paralysis
- horses are dead end host

A

West Nile Virus

49
Q

What type of virus causes West Nile?

A

Arbovirus

50
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- transmitted by insect
- replicates in macrophages
- fever, depression, ataxia, anorexia, muscle tremors, paralysis
- 100% mortality
- zoonotic

A

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEE)

51
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- rare
- transmitted thru insect bite
- replicates in macrophages
- less severe neuro CS compared to EEE
- higher survival rate

A

Western equine encephlitis virus

52
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- younger horses, cough, fever, severe morbidity, can be fatal
- high fever (103-106)
- be aware of secondary bacterial infections

A

Equine influenza virus

53
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- respiratory: rhinopneumonitis, fever, lethargy, nasal discharge, watery eyes, cough, effects younger horses
- neurologic: equine herpes myeloencephalopathy, respiratory distress, fever, proprioceptive defecits, paresis, ataxia, urine dribbling, decreased anal tone
- abortion: typically late gestation abortion with no warning, aborted fetus membranes are highly infectious

A

Equine herpesvirus 1 and Equine herpesvirus 4

54
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- lifelong infection leading to euthanasia
- transmitted though biting flies
- pyrexia, anemia, weight loss and weakness

A

Equine infectious anemia (swamp fever)

55
Q

What type of virus causes EIA

A

retrovirus

56
Q

Which equine virus is classified by the following:
- primary diarrhea virus for foals
- colic, abdominal distension, anorexia, profuse watery diarrhea
- zoonotic

A

Rotavirus A diarrhea

57
Q

Which wildlife virus is classified by the following:
- most important viral disease of deer in the US
- damage to small blood vessels, fluid loss and hemorrhage, tissue damage
- range from sudden death to chronic
- reddening of periocular skin and nostrils
- ataxia and blindness

A

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus and Bluetongue

58
Q

Which wildlife virus is classified by the following:
- Deer and elk
- brain degeneration and vacuolation
- progressive loss of condition and wasting away

A

Chronic wasting disease

59
Q

What type of virus causes Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease and Bluetongue in wild deer populations?

A

Orbivirus

60
Q

The most common source of human rabies in the US is from which species?

A

Bats

61
Q

Which wildlife species can become infected with canine distemper?

A

Raccoons, ref foxes, wild dogs, big cats (lions and tigers), pandas, seals, ferrets

62
Q

What wildlife species can become infected with EEE?

A

Emu, ostrich, pheasants

63
Q

What wildlife species can become infected with west nile virus?

A

Crows, blue jays, alligators

64
Q

Which aquatic mammal virus is classified by the following:
- sealpox
- seals and walrus
- lesions on skin or mucosal surface of the mouth or nasal passages
- zoonotic

A

Pinniped Parapoxvirus

65
Q

Which aquatic mammal virus is classified by the following:
- dolphins and whales
- transmission associated with stressful conditions like poor water quality or underlying ill health
- hyperpigmented skin lesions described as ring, pinhole, and tattoo lesions
- tattoo skin disease

A

Cetacean poxvirus

66
Q

Which aquatic mammal virus is classified by the following:
- dolphins and whales
- mucosal lesions in digestive, genital, ans respiratory tracts
- hx of abortion and perinatal mortality w genital lesions

A

Cetacean gammaherpesvirus

67
Q

Which aquatic mammal or fish virus is classified by the following:
- economically important in freshwater farming
- young catfish
- distended abdomen
- lethargy, hemorrhage at the base of fins

A

Channel catfish virus disease (CCVD) Ictalurid Herpesvirus 1

68
Q

Which aquatic mammal or fish virus is classified by the following:
- young seals
- depression, anorexia, crusting conjunctivitis, nasal discharge, dyspnea, pneumonia with high mortality

A

Phocine distemper

69
Q

Which aquatic mammal or fish virus is classified by the following:
- dolphins and whales
- skin lesions, pneumonia, brain infections and secondary infections
- virus targets brain and lungs

A

Cetacean morbillivirus (CMV)

70
Q

Which aquatic mammal or fish virus is classified by the following:
- sea lion host
- lesions in skin vesicles most prevalent on the dorsal surface of the fore flippers, erode leaving shallow, fast-healing ulcers

A

San miguel sea lion virus (Calicivirus)

71
Q

Which aquatic mammal or fish virus is classified by the following:
- economically important in freshwater farming
- swelling, inappetence, darkening of skin

A

Infectious pancreatic necrosis

CVM 723- Virology (7 decks)

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