Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CVM 723- Virology > 3- Pathogenesis > Flashcards

3- Pathogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

Define pathogenesis

A

the manner of development of a disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Infection is or is not synonymous with disease?

A

is NOT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_________ is the ability of the virus to cause disease.

A

Pathogenicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

________ is a relative measure of the pathogenicity of the infecting virus.

A

Virulence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a ‘strain’?

A

well characterized virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

An _____ refers to the virus recovered from a specific host or location.

A

isolate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A ______ -sub-group of viruses that share antigens recognized by antibodies of the immune system; however, antibodies do not confer immunity a different type of sterotype.

A

serotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The outcome of viral exposure/infection is influences by what things?

A
  • method of transmission
  • number of infecting particles (dose)
  • virulence of infecting particles (genetics)
  • speed of viral replication and spread
  • degree of cellular damage
  • effectiveness of host defenses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In a virus-infected host, it is the result of the cumulative effects of the virus infection at the cellular level. What is this the definition of?

A

disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some effects of viruses on the host animal?

A
  • direct damage to cells due to cell death/apoptosis ( paralysis and immune deficiency)
  • disruption of normal cell functions
  • immune responses to virus infected cells
  • immune cell release of cytokines
  • virus hijacking/expressing host genes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

All viruses are ________ _________ pathogens.

A

obligate intracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is adsorption?

A

virus binds to receptors on cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bound viron is taken into the cell through ______ or fusion to the plasma membrane

A

endocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Capsid is dismantled so that its nucleic acid is releasing into the cytoplasm by a process called ________.

A

uncoating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Once the viral genome is uncoated, _______ begins.

A

replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List the 7 host factors that influence pathogenesis.

A

1) Genetic- species, breed, organ/tissue, susceptibility, intracellular hospitality
2) Age- neonate vs. geriatric
3) Hormonal influence- pregnancy
4) Healthy living conditions- temp, crowding, nutrition, air flow, etc.
5) Concurrent or mixed infections
6) Exposure to vectors
7) Immunity (innate, passive, acquired)

17
Q

List the steps of the viral infection process.

A

1) Entry into host and primary virus replication
2) Local or generated spread in the host, cell and tissue tropism, and secondary virus infection
3) Evasion of host inflammatory and immune defenses
4) Shedding from host
5) Cause damage to host

18
Q

What is tropism?

A

Some viruses have evolved to preferentially target certain cell types, tissues, or hosts

19
Q

What are some characteristics of neurotropic viruses?

A
  • direct inoculation
  • replication at the primary site
  • Tromism- spread to secondary site where its choice cell is
  • systemic disease usually occur
  • shed in secretions
20
Q

What are some characteristics of epithelial tropic viruses?

A
  • direct inoculation
  • replicate at primary site
  • tropism
  • systemic disease usually occurs
  • shed in secretions
21
Q

What are the two principal types of infection?

A
  • localized virus: limited to the site of entry of the virus
  • systemic: spread to various organ systems depending on viral tropism
22
Q

What are some variations on the theme of localized and systemic infections?

A
  • inapparent infections
  • immunopathologic disease
  • congenital infections
  • persistent and latent infection
  • slow virus infections occur where the incubation period is prolonged
  • oncogenicity (cancer)
23
Q

What are some examples of types of congenital infections?

A
  • infections in utero
  • infection during birth
  • congenital defects
  • fetal death
24
Q

What are some characteristics of persistent infections?

A
  • long incubation periods
  • a protracted clinical course
  • usually result in serious disease and death
25
Q

A persistent infection in which the latent virus is activated intermittently, resulting in a rapid viral replication and recurrent manifestation of disease.

What type of infection does this define?

A

Latent infection

CVM 723- Virology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions