Final Exam Flashcards
1
Q
large elevated portions on occlusal surface of molars, premolars, and incisal surfaces of canines
A
cusps
2
Q
pryamidal elevation with a peak called a cusp tip
A
cusps
3
Q
How many cusps do canines have?
A
1
4
Q
How many cusps do premolars have?
A
2 or 3
5
Q
How many cusps do most molars have?
A
3-5
6
Q
linear prominences of enamel
A
ridges
7
Q
form mesial and distal borders of enamel on lingual surfaces of anterior and/or occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth
A
marginal ridges
8
Q
located on major cusps of posterior teeth and extend from a cusp toward the depression near the middle of the occlusal surface faciolingually
A
triangular ridges
9
Q
when a triangular ridge from a buccal cusp joins with a triangular ridge from a lingual cusp, these two ridges together from a longer ridge
A
transverse ridge
10
Q
found only on maxillary molars, ridge crosses the occlusal surface obliquely and is made up of one ridge on the mesiolingual cusp joining with the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp
A
oblique ridge
11
Q
run cervio-occlusally on the buccal surfaces of premolars or molars
A
buccal ridge
12
Q
run from canine cusps toward CEJ on the facial surface
A
labial ridge
13
Q
extends lingually toward the cingulum
A
lingual ridge
14
Q
prominence or bulge in the cervical third of the lingual surface of the crown of incisors
A
cingulum
15
Q
the broad v shaped depression or valley on the occlusal surface of each posterior tooth running mesiodistally between the buccal and lingual cusps
A
sulcus
16
Q
a linear channel often found between cusps in the depth of the sulcus and between ridges
A
grooves
17
Q
separate cusps and other major portions of a tooth formed from developmental lobes
A
developmental grooves
18
Q
developmental groove that separates the buccal from the lingual cusps and is located near the buccolingual center of the tooth sulcus
A
central groove
19
Q
irregular grooves branching from developmental grooves
A
supplemental grooves
20
Q
shallow depressions located at the mesial and distal ends of the central groove on each posterior tooth within the occlusal table and next to the mesial and distal marginal ridges
A
fossae
21
Q
small depression at the depth of the fossae where developmental grooves form
A
pit
22
Q
found at the depth of fossae and grooves, caused by incomplete fusion of enamel during tooth formation
A
fissures
23
Q
When do permanent maxillary canines erupt?
A
11-12 years
24
Q
What is the root length of permanent maxillary canines?
A
16.5 mm
25
When do permanent maxillary first premolars erupt?
10-11 years
26
What is the root length of permanent maxillary first premolars?
13.4 mm
27
When do permanent maxillary second premolars erupt?
10-12 years
28
What is the root length of permanent maxillary second premolars?
14.0 mm
29
When do permanent maxillary first molars erupt?
6-7 years
30
What is the root length of the mesiobuccal root of permanent maxillary first molars?
12.9 mm
31
What is the root length of the distobuccal root of permanent maxillary first molars?
12.2 mm
32
What is the root length of the lingual root of permanent maxillary first molars?
13.7 mm
33
When do permanent maxillary second molars erupt?
12-13 years
34
What is the root length of the mesiobuccal root of permanent maxillary second molars?
12.9 mm
35
What is the root length of the distobuccal root of permanent maxillary second molars?
12.1 mm
36
What is the root length of the lingual root of permanent maxillary second molars?
13.5 mm
37
When do permanent mandibular canines erupt?
9-10 years
38
What is the root length of permanent mandibular canines?
15.9 mm
39
When do permanent mandibular first premolars erupt?
10-12 years
40
What is the root length of permanent mandibular first premolars?
14.4 mm
41
When do permanent mandibular second premolars erupt?
11-12 years
42
What is the root length of permanent mandibular second premolars?
14.7 mm
43
When do permanent mandibular first molars erupt?
6-7 years
44
What is the root length of the mesial root of permanent mandibular first molars?
14.0 mm
45
What is the root length of the distal root of permanent mandibular first molars?
13.0 mm
46
When do permanent mandibular second molars erupt?
11-13 years
47
What is the root length of the mesial root of permanent mandibular second molars?
13.9 mm
48
What is the root length of the distal root of permanent mandibular second molars?
13.0 mm
49
What tooth is the longest in the permanent dentition?
maxillary canines
50
How many roots do maxillary central, lateral, and canines have?
one root and one canal
51
What is the shape of maxillary canines?
conical with pointed apex bending distally
52
What root depressions do maxillary canines have?
mesial and distal
53
How many roots do maxillary first premolars have and what are they?
one or two, buccal and lingual
54
How many canals do the roots of maxillary first premolars have?
two
55
What root depressions do maxillary first premolars have?
mesial and distal
56
How many roots do maxillary second premolars have?
one or two
57
How many root canals do maxillary second premolars have?
one
58
Is the mesial concavity more prominent on first or second maxillary premolars?
first
59
How many roots do maxillary first molars have and what are they?
three, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and lingual
60
Which root is the longest on maxillary first molars?
lingual
61
Where is there an evident root concavity on maxillary first molars?
mesiobuccal root
62
How many root canals do maxillary first molars tend to have?
four with two in the mesiobuccal
63
How many roots do maxillary second molars have and what are they?
three, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and lingual
64
How many root canals do maxillary second molars have?
four with two in the mesiobuccal root
65
How many roots do manibular canines have?
one
66
What can sometimes happen to the root of mandibular canines?
bifurcate into facial and lingual root in the apical third
67
Is the root shorter on maxillary or mandibular canines?
mandibular
68
Is the apex of the root of mandibular canines pointed or blunt?
blunt
69
What root depressions do mandibular canines have?
mesial and distal
70
How many roots do mandibular first premolars have?
one
71
How many roots and root canals do mandibular second premolars have?
one root and one canal
72
How many roots do mandibular first molars have and what are they?
two, mesial and smaller distal
73
How many root canals do mandibular first molars have?
three with two in the mesial root
74
How many roots do mandibular second molars have and what are they?
two, mesial and distal
75
How many root canals do mandibular second molars have?
three with two in the mesial root
76
Do maxillary or mandibular canines erupt first?
mandibular
77
Do maxillary or mandibular canines have a larger and more developed cusp?
maxillary
78
Which canine has a narrower crown mesiodistally?
mandibular
79
Is the mesial or distal cusp slope on maxillary canines shorter?
mesial
80
Which canine has a less sharp cusp tip?
mandibular
81
Which surface on maxillary canines bulges beyond the root outline?
mesial
82
Which canine has a less pronounced labial ridge?
mandibular
83
How many fossae do maxillary canines have?
two
84
Where is the cingulum located on maxillary canines?
centered mesiodistally
85
Do maxillary canines normally have pits?
no
86
Which canine typically has a longer crown?
mandibular
87
How much of the crown do the cusp ridges and tip occupy of maxillary canines?
1/3
88
How much of the crown do the cusp ridges and tip occupy of mandibular canines?
1/4
89
What is the angle of the mesial cusp ridge on mandibular canines?
almost horizontal
90
Is the mesial side of the crown of mandibular canines more straight or does it bulge out?
straight
91
Do maxillary or mandibular canines have a more prominent cingulum?
maxillary
92
Where is the cingulum located on mandibular canines?
centered or distal
93
Which canine has a less prominent lingual surface?
mandibular
94
How many cusps do maxillary first premolars have and what are they?
two, buccal and lingual
95
How many roots do maxillary first premolars have and what are they?
two, buccal and lingual
96
Which maxillary premolar is larger?
first
97
What is the shape of maxillary first premolars?
hexagonal
98
Is the buccal or lingual cusp longer and sharper on maxillary first premolars?
buccal
99
Which premolar has a mesial cusp ridge of buccal cusp that is longer?
maxillary first premolar
100
What type of groove runs mesiodistally across the center of both maxillary first and second premolars?
central developmental groove
101
Is the central developmental groove longer on first or second maxillary premolars?
first
102
Are the mesial and distal pits farther apart on maxillary first or second premolars?
second
103
Do maxillary first or second premolars have more supplemental grooves?
second
104
Which direction does the root of both maxillary premolars curve?
distally
105
How many cusps do maxillary second premolars have and what are they?
two, buccal and lingual
106
How many roots do maxillary second premolars have?
one
107
Is the crown from the occlusal view of maxillary second premolars symmetrical or asymmetrical?
symmetrical
108
Is the buccal ridge on maxillary second premolars more or less prominent?
less
109
Which maxillary premolar's cusps are more equal in length?
second
110
Which maxillary premolar has cusps that are more sharp?
first
111
Which cusp ridge is shorter on maxillary second premolars?
mesial
112
Which maxillary premolar has more supplemental grooves?
second
113
How many roots do maxillary second premolars have?
one
114
How many cusps do mandibular first premolars have and what are they?
two, buccal and lingual
115
Which cusp on mandibular first premolars is small, short, and non-functional?
lingual
116
Which mandibular premolar has a smaller and shorter crown?
second
117
Which cusp ridge is smaller on mandibular first premolars?
mesial
118
Where do the two triangular ridges unite on mandibular first premolars?
near the center of the occlusal surface
119
How many fossae do mandibular first premolars have?
two
120
What does each fossa on mandibular first premolars have?
a pit
121
How many roots do both mandibular premolars have?
one
122
Which mandibular premolar has a sharper apex?
first
123
Which direction does the apex of the root on mandibular molars curve?
distally
124
How much longer are the roots of mandibular second premolars when comparing them to the crown?
twice as long
125
What tooth replaces primary mandibular second molars?
mandibular second premolars
126
Are mandibular first or second premolars larger?
second
127
How many cusps do mandibular second premolars have?
2 or 3
128
What are the cusps of two cusp type mandibular second premolars?
buccal and lingual
129
On two cusp type mandibular second premolars, which cusp is less pointed?
buccal
130
Which cusp on two cusp type mandibular second premolars is shorter and narrower?
lingual
131
Which cusp ridge is shorter on mandibular second premolars?
mesial
132
What is the shape of the grooves on two cusp type mandibular second premolars?
H or U
133
What are the cusps on three cusp type mandibular second premolars?
buccal and two smaller lingual cusps
134
How many fossae do three cusp type mandibular second premolars have and what are they?
three, mesial, distal, and central
135
Do three cusp type mandibular second premolars have a central groove?
yes
136
Is the mesial or distal groove longer on three cusp type mandibular second premolars?
mesial
137
Which premolar is the only premolar to have a lingual groove?
three cusp type mandibular second premolar
138
What is the shape of grooves formed on three cusp type mandibular second premolars?
Y
139
Do three cusp type mandibular second premolars have a transverse ridge?
no
140
Which teeth are the first permanent teeth to erupt into the maxillary arch?
maxillary first molars?
141
How many roots do maxillary first molars have?
3
142
Do maxillary first molars replace any primary teeth?
no
143
Which tooth in the maxillary arch is the largest?
first molar
144
What is the size order of the cusps on maxillary first molars from largest to smallest?
mesiolingual, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, distolingual
145
What groove divides the occlusal outline on maxillary first molars?
buccal groove
146
Which marginal ridge is longer on maxillary first molars?
mesial marginal ridge
147
Which cusps have a triangular ridge on four cusp type maxillary first molars?
mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and mesiolingual
148
What do the cusp ridges of the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual cusps join to form on maxillary first molars?
one transverse ridge
149
What are the fossae on maxillary first molars?
central, mesial triangular, distal triangular, and distal
150
Which fossa on maxillary first molars is the largest?
central
151
How many roots do maxillary first molars have and what are they?
three, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and lingual
152
Which root on maxillary first molars is the longest?
lingual
153
Which root on maxillary first molars is the shorterst?
distobuccal
154
How many root canals do maxillary molars have?
four with two canals in the mesiobuccal root and one in the distobuccal and lingual roots
155
Which maxillary molar has a more pronounced separation between roots?
first
156
Which molars have a longer root root trunk, maxillary or mandibular?
maxillary
157
Do maxillary first or second molars have a shorter crown?
second
158
How many cusps do maxillary second molars have and what are they?
four, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual, and distolingual
159
How many roots do maxillary second molars have?
three
160
Do maxillary first or second molars have shorter roots?
second
161
How many roots do maxillary second molars have and what are they?
three, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and lingual
162
Which root is the longest on maxillary second molars?
lingual
163
Which root on maxillary second molars is the shortest?
distobuccal
164
Which mandibular tooth is the largest in the entire mandibular dentition?
first molar
165
What is the shape of mandibular first molars?
pentagonal
166
Are mandibular molars wider mesiodistally or higher cervio-occlusally?
wider mesiodistally
167
How many cusps do mandibular first molars have and what are they?
five, mesiolingual, distolingual, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and distal
168
Which cusp on mandibular molars is the longest?
mesiolingual
169
Which cusp is the shortest on mandibular first molars?
distal
170
Are buccal or lingual cusps longer on mandibular molars?
lingual
171
Are mandibular molars wider mesiodistally or bucolingually?
mesiodistally
172
How many fossae are on both mandibular molars?
three
173
What pits are evident on mandibular first molars?
central, mesial, and distal
174
Which mandibular molar has larger, longer, and more divergent roots?
first
175
How many roots do mandibular molars have and what are they?
two, mesial and distal
176
Which root on mandibular molars is broader and longer?
mesial
177
How many root canals do mandibular molars have and what are they?
three, two in mesial and one in distal
178
Which mandibular molar has a shorter root trunk?
first
179
How many cusps do mandibular second molars have and what are they?
four, mesibuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual, and distolingual
180
Which cusp on mandibular second molars is the smallest?
distobuccal
181
What is the shape of the groove pattern of mandibular second molars?
+
182
How many roots do mandibular second molars have and what are they?
two, mesial and distal
183
the congenital absence of teeth
anodontia
184
teeth that form more than the 32 normal permanent teeth
supernumerary teeth
185
a small supernumerary tooth that forms between central incisors
mesiodens
186
abnormally large teeth
macrodontia
187
abnormally small teeth
microdontia
188
teeth characterized by having prominent marginal ridges with a deep lingual fossa on maxillary incisors
shovel shaped incisors
189
a tooth within a tooth
dens in dente
190
joining together of the dentin and enamel of two or more separate developing teeth
fusionan
191
attempt by the tooth bud to divide
gemination or twinning
192
a condition of teeth where the cementum overlying the roots of at least two teeth join
concrescence
193
small round nodules of enamel with a tiny core of dentin found most frequently on the distal of third molars and near the buccal furcation of molars
enamel pearls
194
pulp chamber is very long, without a constriction near the CEJ
taurodontia
195
severe bend or angular distortion of a tooth root
dilaceraiton
196
formation of excess cementum around the root of the tooth after tooth has erupted
hypercementosis
197
maxillary teeth often exhibit normal sized crowns with abnormally dwarfed roots
dwarfed roots
198
abnormal incisor shape resulting from exposure to congenital syphilis during incisor formation
hutinson incisor
199
molars with occlusal surfaces shaped like a mulberry due to congenital syphilis during molar formation
mulberry molars
200
loss of periodontal ligament resulting in fusion of cementum to bone due to trauma or infection
ankylosis
201
hereditary condition that affects enamel formation which can occur in both dentitions
amelogenesis imperfecta
202
hereditary disorder that affects the dentin formation of both dentitions resulting in grey or brown discoloration
dentinogenesis imperfecta
203
condition caused by exposure of forming enamel to excessive amount of fluoride
fluorisis
204
discoloration of teeth caused by exposure to tetracycline antibiotics during time of tooth formation
tetracycline stain
205
wearing away of tooth structure due to heavy occlusal contacts between maxillary and mandibular teeth
attrition
206
loss of tooth structure by chemical means
erosion
207
wearing away of tooth structure due to mechanical means
abrasion
208
