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semester 1 dental anatomy > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

large elevated portions on occlusal surface of molars, premolars, and incisal surfaces of canines

A

cusps

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2
Q

pryamidal elevation with a peak called a cusp tip

A

cusps

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3
Q

How many cusps do canines have?

A

1

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4
Q

How many cusps do premolars have?

A

2 or 3

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5
Q

How many cusps do most molars have?

A

3-5

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6
Q

linear prominences of enamel

A

ridges

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7
Q

form mesial and distal borders of enamel on lingual surfaces of anterior and/or occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth

A

marginal ridges

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8
Q

located on major cusps of posterior teeth and extend from a cusp toward the depression near the middle of the occlusal surface faciolingually

A

triangular ridges

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9
Q

when a triangular ridge from a buccal cusp joins with a triangular ridge from a lingual cusp, these two ridges together from a longer ridge

A

transverse ridge

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10
Q

found only on maxillary molars, ridge crosses the occlusal surface obliquely and is made up of one ridge on the mesiolingual cusp joining with the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp

A

oblique ridge

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11
Q

run cervio-occlusally on the buccal surfaces of premolars or molars

A

buccal ridge

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12
Q

run from canine cusps toward CEJ on the facial surface

A

labial ridge

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13
Q

extends lingually toward the cingulum

A

lingual ridge

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14
Q

prominence or bulge in the cervical third of the lingual surface of the crown of incisors

A

cingulum

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15
Q

the broad v shaped depression or valley on the occlusal surface of each posterior tooth running mesiodistally between the buccal and lingual cusps

A

sulcus

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16
Q

a linear channel often found between cusps in the depth of the sulcus and between ridges

A

grooves

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17
Q

separate cusps and other major portions of a tooth formed from developmental lobes

A

developmental grooves

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18
Q

developmental groove that separates the buccal from the lingual cusps and is located near the buccolingual center of the tooth sulcus

A

central groove

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19
Q

irregular grooves branching from developmental grooves

A

supplemental grooves

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20
Q

shallow depressions located at the mesial and distal ends of the central groove on each posterior tooth within the occlusal table and next to the mesial and distal marginal ridges

A

fossae

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21
Q

small depression at the depth of the fossae where developmental grooves form

A

pit

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22
Q

found at the depth of fossae and grooves, caused by incomplete fusion of enamel during tooth formation

A

fissures

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23
Q

When do permanent maxillary canines erupt?

A

11-12 years

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24
Q

What is the root length of permanent maxillary canines?

A

16.5 mm

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25
Q

When do permanent maxillary first premolars erupt?

A

10-11 years

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26
Q

What is the root length of permanent maxillary first premolars?

A

13.4 mm

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27
Q

When do permanent maxillary second premolars erupt?

A

10-12 years

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28
Q

What is the root length of permanent maxillary second premolars?

A

14.0 mm

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29
Q

When do permanent maxillary first molars erupt?

A

6-7 years

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30
Q

What is the root length of the mesiobuccal root of permanent maxillary first molars?

A

12.9 mm

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31
Q

What is the root length of the distobuccal root of permanent maxillary first molars?

A

12.2 mm

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32
Q

What is the root length of the lingual root of permanent maxillary first molars?

A

13.7 mm

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33
Q

When do permanent maxillary second molars erupt?

A

12-13 years

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34
Q

What is the root length of the mesiobuccal root of permanent maxillary second molars?

A

12.9 mm

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35
Q

What is the root length of the distobuccal root of permanent maxillary second molars?

A

12.1 mm

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36
Q

What is the root length of the lingual root of permanent maxillary second molars?

A

13.5 mm

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37
Q

When do permanent mandibular canines erupt?

A

9-10 years

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38
Q

What is the root length of permanent mandibular canines?

A

15.9 mm

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39
Q

When do permanent mandibular first premolars erupt?

A

10-12 years

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40
Q

What is the root length of permanent mandibular first premolars?

A

14.4 mm

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41
Q

When do permanent mandibular second premolars erupt?

A

11-12 years

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42
Q

What is the root length of permanent mandibular second premolars?

A

14.7 mm

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43
Q

When do permanent mandibular first molars erupt?

A

6-7 years

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44
Q

What is the root length of the mesial root of permanent mandibular first molars?

A

14.0 mm

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45
Q

What is the root length of the distal root of permanent mandibular first molars?

A

13.0 mm

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46
Q

When do permanent mandibular second molars erupt?

A

11-13 years

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47
Q

What is the root length of the mesial root of permanent mandibular second molars?

A

13.9 mm

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48
Q

What is the root length of the distal root of permanent mandibular second molars?

A

13.0 mm

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49
Q

What tooth is the longest in the permanent dentition?

A

maxillary canines

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50
Q

How many roots do maxillary central, lateral, and canines have?

A

one root and one canal

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51
Q

What is the shape of maxillary canines?

A

conical with pointed apex bending distally

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52
Q

What root depressions do maxillary canines have?

A

mesial and distal

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53
Q

How many roots do maxillary first premolars have and what are they?

A

one or two, buccal and lingual

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54
Q

How many canals do the roots of maxillary first premolars have?

A

two

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55
Q

What root depressions do maxillary first premolars have?

A

mesial and distal

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56
Q

How many roots do maxillary second premolars have?

A

one or two

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57
Q

How many root canals do maxillary second premolars have?

A

one

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58
Q

Is the mesial concavity more prominent on first or second maxillary premolars?

A

first

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59
Q

How many roots do maxillary first molars have and what are they?

A

three, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and lingual

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60
Q

Which root is the longest on maxillary first molars?

A

lingual

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61
Q

Where is there an evident root concavity on maxillary first molars?

A

mesiobuccal root

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62
Q

How many root canals do maxillary first molars tend to have?

A

four with two in the mesiobuccal

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63
Q

How many roots do maxillary second molars have and what are they?

A

three, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and lingual

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64
Q

How many root canals do maxillary second molars have?

A

four with two in the mesiobuccal root

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65
Q

How many roots do manibular canines have?

A

one

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66
Q

What can sometimes happen to the root of mandibular canines?

A

bifurcate into facial and lingual root in the apical third

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67
Q

Is the root shorter on maxillary or mandibular canines?

A

mandibular

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68
Q

Is the apex of the root of mandibular canines pointed or blunt?

A

blunt

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69
Q

What root depressions do mandibular canines have?

A

mesial and distal

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70
Q

How many roots do mandibular first premolars have?

A

one

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71
Q

How many roots and root canals do mandibular second premolars have?

A

one root and one canal

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72
Q

How many roots do mandibular first molars have and what are they?

A

two, mesial and smaller distal

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73
Q

How many root canals do mandibular first molars have?

A

three with two in the mesial root

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74
Q

How many roots do mandibular second molars have and what are they?

A

two, mesial and distal

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75
Q

How many root canals do mandibular second molars have?

A

three with two in the mesial root

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76
Q

Do maxillary or mandibular canines erupt first?

A

mandibular

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77
Q

Do maxillary or mandibular canines have a larger and more developed cusp?

A

maxillary

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78
Q

Which canine has a narrower crown mesiodistally?

A

mandibular

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79
Q

Is the mesial or distal cusp slope on maxillary canines shorter?

A

mesial

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80
Q

Which canine has a less sharp cusp tip?

A

mandibular

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81
Q

Which surface on maxillary canines bulges beyond the root outline?

A

mesial

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82
Q

Which canine has a less pronounced labial ridge?

A

mandibular

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83
Q

How many fossae do maxillary canines have?

A

two

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84
Q

Where is the cingulum located on maxillary canines?

A

centered mesiodistally

85
Q

Do maxillary canines normally have pits?

A

no

86
Q

Which canine typically has a longer crown?

A

mandibular

87
Q

How much of the crown do the cusp ridges and tip occupy of maxillary canines?

A

1/3

88
Q

How much of the crown do the cusp ridges and tip occupy of mandibular canines?

A

1/4

89
Q

What is the angle of the mesial cusp ridge on mandibular canines?

A

almost horizontal

90
Q

Is the mesial side of the crown of mandibular canines more straight or does it bulge out?

A

straight

91
Q

Do maxillary or mandibular canines have a more prominent cingulum?

A

maxillary

92
Q

Where is the cingulum located on mandibular canines?

A

centered or distal

93
Q

Which canine has a less prominent lingual surface?

A

mandibular

94
Q

How many cusps do maxillary first premolars have and what are they?

A

two, buccal and lingual

95
Q

How many roots do maxillary first premolars have and what are they?

A

two, buccal and lingual

96
Q

Which maxillary premolar is larger?

A

first

97
Q

What is the shape of maxillary first premolars?

A

hexagonal

98
Q

Is the buccal or lingual cusp longer and sharper on maxillary first premolars?

A

buccal

99
Q

Which premolar has a mesial cusp ridge of buccal cusp that is longer?

A

maxillary first premolar

100
Q

What type of groove runs mesiodistally across the center of both maxillary first and second premolars?

A

central developmental groove

101
Q

Is the central developmental groove longer on first or second maxillary premolars?

A

first

102
Q

Are the mesial and distal pits farther apart on maxillary first or second premolars?

A

second

103
Q

Do maxillary first or second premolars have more supplemental grooves?

A

second

104
Q

Which direction does the root of both maxillary premolars curve?

A

distally

105
Q

How many cusps do maxillary second premolars have and what are they?

A

two, buccal and lingual

106
Q

How many roots do maxillary second premolars have?

A

one

107
Q

Is the crown from the occlusal view of maxillary second premolars symmetrical or asymmetrical?

A

symmetrical

108
Q

Is the buccal ridge on maxillary second premolars more or less prominent?

A

less

109
Q

Which maxillary premolar’s cusps are more equal in length?

A

second

110
Q

Which maxillary premolar has cusps that are more sharp?

A

first

111
Q

Which cusp ridge is shorter on maxillary second premolars?

A

mesial

112
Q

Which maxillary premolar has more supplemental grooves?

A

second

113
Q

How many roots do maxillary second premolars have?

A

one

114
Q

How many cusps do mandibular first premolars have and what are they?

A

two, buccal and lingual

115
Q

Which cusp on mandibular first premolars is small, short, and non-functional?

A

lingual

116
Q

Which mandibular premolar has a smaller and shorter crown?

A

second

117
Q

Which cusp ridge is smaller on mandibular first premolars?

A

mesial

118
Q

Where do the two triangular ridges unite on mandibular first premolars?

A

near the center of the occlusal surface

119
Q

How many fossae do mandibular first premolars have?

A

two

120
Q

What does each fossa on mandibular first premolars have?

A

a pit

121
Q

How many roots do both mandibular premolars have?

A

one

122
Q

Which mandibular premolar has a sharper apex?

A

first

123
Q

Which direction does the apex of the root on mandibular molars curve?

A

distally

124
Q

How much longer are the roots of mandibular second premolars when comparing them to the crown?

A

twice as long

125
Q

What tooth replaces primary mandibular second molars?

A

mandibular second premolars

126
Q

Are mandibular first or second premolars larger?

A

second

127
Q

How many cusps do mandibular second premolars have?

A

2 or 3

128
Q

What are the cusps of two cusp type mandibular second premolars?

A

buccal and lingual

129
Q

On two cusp type mandibular second premolars, which cusp is less pointed?

A

buccal

130
Q

Which cusp on two cusp type mandibular second premolars is shorter and narrower?

A

lingual

131
Q

Which cusp ridge is shorter on mandibular second premolars?

A

mesial

132
Q

What is the shape of the grooves on two cusp type mandibular second premolars?

A

H or U

133
Q

What are the cusps on three cusp type mandibular second premolars?

A

buccal and two smaller lingual cusps

134
Q

How many fossae do three cusp type mandibular second premolars have and what are they?

A

three, mesial, distal, and central

135
Q

Do three cusp type mandibular second premolars have a central groove?

A

yes

136
Q

Is the mesial or distal groove longer on three cusp type mandibular second premolars?

A

mesial

137
Q

Which premolar is the only premolar to have a lingual groove?

A

three cusp type mandibular second premolar

138
Q

What is the shape of grooves formed on three cusp type mandibular second premolars?

A

Y

139
Q

Do three cusp type mandibular second premolars have a transverse ridge?

A

no

140
Q

Which teeth are the first permanent teeth to erupt into the maxillary arch?

A

maxillary first molars?

141
Q

How many roots do maxillary first molars have?

A

3

142
Q

Do maxillary first molars replace any primary teeth?

A

no

143
Q

Which tooth in the maxillary arch is the largest?

A

first molar

144
Q

What is the size order of the cusps on maxillary first molars from largest to smallest?

A

mesiolingual, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, distolingual

145
Q

What groove divides the occlusal outline on maxillary first molars?

A

buccal groove

146
Q

Which marginal ridge is longer on maxillary first molars?

A

mesial marginal ridge

147
Q

Which cusps have a triangular ridge on four cusp type maxillary first molars?

A

mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and mesiolingual

148
Q

What do the cusp ridges of the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual cusps join to form on maxillary first molars?

A

one transverse ridge

149
Q

What are the fossae on maxillary first molars?

A

central, mesial triangular, distal triangular, and distal

150
Q

Which fossa on maxillary first molars is the largest?

A

central

151
Q

How many roots do maxillary first molars have and what are they?

A

three, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and lingual

152
Q

Which root on maxillary first molars is the longest?

A

lingual

153
Q

Which root on maxillary first molars is the shorterst?

A

distobuccal

154
Q

How many root canals do maxillary molars have?

A

four with two canals in the mesiobuccal root and one in the distobuccal and lingual roots

155
Q

Which maxillary molar has a more pronounced separation between roots?

A

first

156
Q

Which molars have a longer root root trunk, maxillary or mandibular?

A

maxillary

157
Q

Do maxillary first or second molars have a shorter crown?

A

second

158
Q

How many cusps do maxillary second molars have and what are they?

A

four, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual, and distolingual

159
Q

How many roots do maxillary second molars have?

A

three

160
Q

Do maxillary first or second molars have shorter roots?

A

second

161
Q

How many roots do maxillary second molars have and what are they?

A

three, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and lingual

162
Q

Which root is the longest on maxillary second molars?

A

lingual

163
Q

Which root on maxillary second molars is the shortest?

A

distobuccal

164
Q

Which mandibular tooth is the largest in the entire mandibular dentition?

A

first molar

165
Q

What is the shape of mandibular first molars?

A

pentagonal

166
Q

Are mandibular molars wider mesiodistally or higher cervio-occlusally?

A

wider mesiodistally

167
Q

How many cusps do mandibular first molars have and what are they?

A

five, mesiolingual, distolingual, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and distal

168
Q

Which cusp on mandibular molars is the longest?

A

mesiolingual

169
Q

Which cusp is the shortest on mandibular first molars?

A

distal

170
Q

Are buccal or lingual cusps longer on mandibular molars?

A

lingual

171
Q

Are mandibular molars wider mesiodistally or bucolingually?

A

mesiodistally

172
Q

How many fossae are on both mandibular molars?

A

three

173
Q

What pits are evident on mandibular first molars?

A

central, mesial, and distal

174
Q

Which mandibular molar has larger, longer, and more divergent roots?

A

first

175
Q

How many roots do mandibular molars have and what are they?

A

two, mesial and distal

176
Q

Which root on mandibular molars is broader and longer?

A

mesial

177
Q

How many root canals do mandibular molars have and what are they?

A

three, two in mesial and one in distal

178
Q

Which mandibular molar has a shorter root trunk?

A

first

179
Q

How many cusps do mandibular second molars have and what are they?

A

four, mesibuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual, and distolingual

180
Q

Which cusp on mandibular second molars is the smallest?

A

distobuccal

181
Q

What is the shape of the groove pattern of mandibular second molars?

A

+

182
Q

How many roots do mandibular second molars have and what are they?

A

two, mesial and distal

183
Q

the congenital absence of teeth

A

anodontia

184
Q

teeth that form more than the 32 normal permanent teeth

A

supernumerary teeth

185
Q

a small supernumerary tooth that forms between central incisors

A

mesiodens

186
Q

abnormally large teeth

A

macrodontia

187
Q

abnormally small teeth

A

microdontia

188
Q

teeth characterized by having prominent marginal ridges with a deep lingual fossa on maxillary incisors

A

shovel shaped incisors

189
Q

a tooth within a tooth

A

dens in dente

190
Q

joining together of the dentin and enamel of two or more separate developing teeth

A

fusionan

191
Q

attempt by the tooth bud to divide

A

gemination or twinning

192
Q

a condition of teeth where the cementum overlying the roots of at least two teeth join

A

concrescence

193
Q

small round nodules of enamel with a tiny core of dentin found most frequently on the distal of third molars and near the buccal furcation of molars

A

enamel pearls

194
Q

pulp chamber is very long, without a constriction near the CEJ

A

taurodontia

195
Q

severe bend or angular distortion of a tooth root

A

dilaceraiton

196
Q

formation of excess cementum around the root of the tooth after tooth has erupted

A

hypercementosis

197
Q

maxillary teeth often exhibit normal sized crowns with abnormally dwarfed roots

A

dwarfed roots

198
Q

abnormal incisor shape resulting from exposure to congenital syphilis during incisor formation

A

hutinson incisor

199
Q

molars with occlusal surfaces shaped like a mulberry due to congenital syphilis during molar formation

A

mulberry molars

200
Q

loss of periodontal ligament resulting in fusion of cementum to bone due to trauma or infection

A

ankylosis

201
Q

hereditary condition that affects enamel formation which can occur in both dentitions

A

amelogenesis imperfecta

202
Q

hereditary disorder that affects the dentin formation of both dentitions resulting in grey or brown discoloration

A

dentinogenesis imperfecta

203
Q

condition caused by exposure of forming enamel to excessive amount of fluoride

A

fluorisis

204
Q

discoloration of teeth caused by exposure to tetracycline antibiotics during time of tooth formation

A

tetracycline stain

205
Q

wearing away of tooth structure due to heavy occlusal contacts between maxillary and mandibular teeth

A

attrition

206
Q

loss of tooth structure by chemical means

A

erosion

207
Q

wearing away of tooth structure due to mechanical means

A

abrasion

208
Q
A

semester 1 dental anatomy (8 decks)

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