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Spinal Anatomy 1 > FInal Exam > Flashcards

FInal Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Number of fused vertebral segments in the Sacrum

A

5 +/- 1

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2
Q

Shape of vertebral body of S1.

What two things of importantce.

A

Reniform in superior view

Disticnt superior epiphyseal rim and spongy bone center.

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3
Q

Pedicle of S1

A

short, posterior and little lateral deviation

superior vertebral notch from superior edge

laterally continues with transverse process

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4
Q

Vertebral foramen shape of sacrum

A

Triangle and forms beginning of sacral canal

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5
Q

Name for highly modified transverse process

where are its costal and true parts?

A

Sacral ala

Costal forms anterior two thirds of ala

True transverse forms posterior one-third of ala

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6
Q

Superior articular process of S1 describe the facet.

Are mamillary process variably present?

A

Back, Up, Medial. BUM and concave

Yes

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7
Q

Where is the base spinous tubercle found?

A

at the union of the right and left lamina

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8
Q

What separates the bodies of S1-S5 on the anterior sacrum?

A

Transverse ridges

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9
Q

Name for the exits for the ventral primary rami of S1-S4 spinal nerves.

A

Anterior (ventral or pelvic) Sacral Foramina

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10
Q

Where is the costal element visible from for the lateral sacral mass of the sacrum? True transverse?

A

costal element S1-S3 visible

true transverse visible at S4 and S5

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11
Q

What is the name for the anterior protrusion of the superior epiphysieal rim and upper vertebral body of S1?

A

Sacral promontory

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12
Q

Name for the exit for the dorsal primary rami of S1-S4 spinal nerves

A

Dorsal (posterior) sacral foramina

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13
Q

Longitudinal crests name them

A

Median, intermediate, and lateral sacral crests

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14
Q

Which longitudinal crest is located midsagittally and is formed by fused sacral spinous processes/tubercles of S1-S4?

A

Median Sacral Crest

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15
Q

Which longitudinal crest is located just lateral to the median sacral crest, formed by fused articular processes of S1-5?

A

Intermediate sacral crest

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16
Q

What is the name for the termination of the intermediate sacral crest? It is formed from the modified inferior articular process of S5.

A

Sacral cornu of S5

17
Q

What is the name of the opening found between the right and left sacral cornuae?

A

Sacral Hiatus.

18
Q

Which longitudinal crest is located lateral to the dorsal sacral foramina? It is formed from the fused transverse tubercles of S1-S5

A

Lateral sacral crest

19
Q

WHere does the lateral sacral crest begin and end?

A

Sacral tubercle (transverse tubercle S1) and tuberosity (transverse tubercle S2)

ends at inferior lateral sacral angle

20
Q

Describe the auricular surface of lateral surface of sacrum

How much does it cover?

Enterily within costal or true protion of bone?

A

articular surface for synovial joint with auricular surface of ilium

Covers most of lateral surface of S1-S3

Contained entirely within the costal element

21
Q

Where is the costal element visible on the lateral surface of sacrum?>

A

Triangluar area covering anterior-lateral surface of S1-S3

Tapers to an end inferior to auricular surface

22
Q

Where is the true transverse process visible for lateral sacrum

A

posterior to the costal element, extending S1-S5

23
Q

Name for the inferior portion of the vertebral body and inferior epiphyseal rim of S5

A

Apex

24
Q

Name for extension from vertebral foramen of S1 to sacral hiatus at S5

A

Sacral canal

25
Q

How many fused rudimentary vertebral segments are there in the coccyx?

A

3-5

26
Q

Describe Co1

A

superior and inferior surfaces may resemble epiohyseal rims

transverse processes small and rudimentary

Coccygeal cornu project superiorly, formed from rudimentary superior articular process

27
Q

Describe Co2-5

A

made up of only rudimentary vertebral bodies.

28
Q

How many rib pairs do we have?

A

12 +/- 1

29
Q

What makes up the thoracic cage and what are its functions?

A

Ribs, costal cartilages, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae

functions in protection and support, assists with respiration

30
Q

Describe True, False, and Floating ribs

A

True: pairs 1-7 direct attachment to sternum

False: 8-12 no direct attachment to sternum

Floating: 11 and 12 no attachment to sternum

31
Q

Which are the typical ribs and what are the four regions they can be divided into?

A

Pairs 3-9. Head, neck, tubercle, body

Spinal Anatomy 1 (2 decks)

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