Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Spinal Anatomy 1 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How many Cervical vertebrae are there?

A

7 +/- 0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Typical cervical vertebrae

A

C3-C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Typical cervical vertebrae vertebral body

A

rectangle

small

increasing in size

posterior height greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

typical cervical vertebrae superior epiphyseal rims

A

concave side to side - Uncinate processes

convex front to back - A and P grooves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

typical cervical inferior epiphyseal rim

A

convex side to side - lateral groves

concave front to back - A and P lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

typical cervical pedicles

A

45 degrees from sagittal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

typical cervical vertebral notches

A

superior and inferior equal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

typical cervical IVF shape and direction

A

Oval 45 degree angle slightly inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

typical cervical transverse process structures

A

normal costal element and true transverse

normal anterior and posterior tubercles
Carotid Tubercle on C6 though!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is a Cervical rib most common?

A

Costal element of C7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name for connection between anterior and posterior tubercles? What else is there?

A

Costotransverse or intertubercular bar

Sulcus for the ventral primary ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What goes through transverse foramen?

A

vertebral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

typical cervical transverse process orientation

A

60 degrees anterolateral from saggital and 15 degree down from horizontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Typical cervical articular processe facets

A

45 degrees from horizontal

BUM

FoLD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Do typical cervicals form articular pillars

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What structure is found in the middle of the articular pillar in cervicals?

A

dorsal primary ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

typical cervical vertebral foramen shape

A

heart shaped or triangular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

typical cervical spinous processes length

A

increases in length C3-C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Does bifid spinous decrease or increase in frequesncy as go down?

A

decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the atypical cervicals?

A

C1, C2 and C7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Atlas primary and secondary centers of development

A

primary - two lateral masses

secondary - anterior arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

atlas structure on posterior surface of anterior arch

A

fovea dentis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

atlas elevated ridge on superior surface of posterior arch

A

arucate rim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does the sulcus for the vertebral artery carry?

what are its options to change names?

A

vertebral artery and first cervical nerve

arucate foramen if ponticulus is formed above the posterior arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is found on the inferior portion of the posterior arch of atlas?

A

inferior vertebral notches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

atlas articular process facets shape and orientation

A

penut shape superior oval inferior

BUM

BMD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is found on medial surface of C1 lateral masses?

A

Tubercle for the transverse atlantal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

atlas transverse process structures

A

reduced costal element with small/absent tubercle

costotransverse bar small/absent

normal true transverse and posterior tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is special about C1 transverse foramen?

A

Largest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is the epistropheus?

A

axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

C2 centers of ossification

A

primary - centum, R/L neural arches, R/L odontoid

secondary - inferior epiphyseal rim and ondontoid apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is located on the anterior surface of the vertebral body of C2?

A

Longus colli muscle attachment site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is located on the anterior surface of the odontoid process?

A

facet for fovea dentis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is located on the posterior-inferior surface of odontoid process?

A

groove for the transverse atlantal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what is located at the apex of the odontoid process

A

Apical dental ligament attachment site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what is located along the posterior lateral border of the superior odontoid?

A

alar ligament attachment site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

C2 vertebral notches

A

superior notch - small and posterior to superior articular process

inferior notch - large and anterior to inferior articular process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

C2 articular process facets

A

BUL

FoLD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Do C1 or C2 form articular pillars?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

C2 transverse process

A

similar to C1

reduced costal element

poor costotranverse bar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

C2 Lamina

A

massive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Spinous process C2

A

ALWAYS bifid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

C7 vertebral body

A

half cervical like half thoracic likeq

44
Q

C7 superior rim

A

cervical like

uncinate processes and A/P grooves

45
Q

C7 Inferior rim

A

THoracic like

A and P lips and Lateral grooves reduced

46
Q

C7 transverse processes

A

Thick/Large Posterior tubercle on true transverse

reduced costal element and tubercle

reduced costal transverse

47
Q

C7 transverse foramen

A

may be small, duplicated or absent

48
Q

C7 articular process facets

A

BUM

ForMeD

49
Q

Does C7 have articular pillar?

A

NO

50
Q

C7 Spinous process

A

NEVER bifid.

Long and horizontal with large tubercle

51
Q

Number of Thoracic vertebrae

A

12 +/- 1

52
Q

Typical thoracic vertebrae

A

T2 - T8

53
Q

typical thoracic vertebral body shape

A

Heart shaped superior view

posterior height greater

body increases in size as go down

contain costal demi facets

54
Q

What do the superior and inferior costal demi facets articulate with?

A

Superior - SAME numbered rib

Inferior - one rib DOWN

55
Q

Which thoracics have an aortic impression>??

A

T5-T8

56
Q

typical thoracic pedicle orientation

A

posterior and little lateral

57
Q

typical thoracic vertebral notches

A

Superior - shallow

Inferior - Deep

58
Q

typical thoracic IVF

A

faces directly latera within sagital plane

upside down pear shape

59
Q

Which vertebrae does the 1st rib lie between?

A

C7 and T1

60
Q

typical thoracic lamina

A

broad and plate like

shingling occurs between adjacent vertebrae

61
Q

typical thoracic vertebral foramen shape

A

circular and smaller than cervical and lumbar

62
Q

typical thoracic transverse processes

A

large and club shaped

becomes shorter from t1 to t 12

63
Q

How to tell the difference between typical T2-T4 and T5-T8? …four steps

A
  1. Aortic Impression? 5-8
  2. Transverse process lat or post? Post 5-8
  3. Spinous process angle? 5-8 more vertical
  4. Distance between superior processes. 2-4 greater. 5-8 equal.
64
Q

typical thoracic articular process facets

A

BUL

ForMeD

65
Q

What is the name for the region between superior and inferior articular processes in T1-T12?

A

Pars interarticularis

66
Q

What is unique about spinous processes of thoracics?

A

imbrication (overlapping)

67
Q

What are the atypical thoracic vertebrae?

A

T1, T9-T12

68
Q

T1 vertebral body shape

A

Rectangle

Superior costal facet no demi

69
Q

T1 superior rim

A

slightly concave side to side

70
Q

T1 vertebral notches

A

Superior - deeper than typical thoracic

inferior - deep

71
Q

T1 transverse process

A

Laterall and more horizontal and anterior than typical

72
Q

T1 spinous process

A

nearly horizontal and long

Vertebral Prominence

73
Q

T9 vertebral body

A

superior costal demi is almost as large as full facet

inferior costal demi small or absent

74
Q

T9 Spinous Process

A

starts to become more horizontal

75
Q

T10 vertebral body

A

superior costal demi may be full or demi

inferior costal demi is absent

76
Q

T10 transverse process

A

transverse costal facets may be absent

77
Q

T10 spinous process

A

more horixontal and shorter

causing a dimple in skin

78
Q

T10 lamina

A

para-articular processes are more common and well developed than any other vertebrae!

79
Q

T11 other name

A

anticlinal vertebra

80
Q

T11 vertebral body

A

reniform shape

superior full facet

no inferior costal demi

81
Q

T11 transverse

A

short, posterior, no costal facet

82
Q

T11 spinous process

A

becoming more lumbar like, nearly horizontal inferior border

83
Q

T12 vertebral body

A

Large and reniform

superior costal facet lies part on body part on pedicle

no inferior costal demi facet

84
Q

T12 transverse process

A

Modified into THREE TUBERCLES with NO costal facet

85
Q

Describe three transverse tubercles of T12 transverse process

A

Superior - large and homologue of lumbar mamillary process, projects superior and posterior

Lateral - homologue of lumbar transverse process
projects laterally

Inferior - small and homologue to lumbar accessory process

86
Q

T12 articular process facets

A

BUL

FoLD

87
Q

T12 spinous process

A

short broad and horizontal like lumbar…hatchet shaped

88
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

5 +/- 1

89
Q

Lumbar ossification centers

A

Primary: centrum and neural arches

Secondary centers : S and I Rims, R/L transverse, Spinous, R/L mamillary process

90
Q

Typical lumbar vertebrae

A

L1- L4

91
Q

Typical lumbar vertebral body

A

reniform shape

Posterior greater than anterior height L2-L4

Lateral width increases L1-3

92
Q

Typical lumbar pedicles

A

mainly posterior, simalr to thoracics

93
Q

Typical lumbar notches vertebral

A

superior - small (between cervical and thoracic depths)

Inferior notch - Deep (between c and t)

94
Q

Typical lumar IVF

A

faces laterally and upside down pair shape

95
Q

Typical lumbar lamina

A

broad top to bottom

more shingling but diminishes from L1-L5

96
Q

Typical Lumbar vertebral foramen

A

***remember cord NOT go through here. cauda equina does

triangular in shape.

Smaller than cervical but larger than thoracic

97
Q

typical lumbar transverse processes

A

laterally and posteriorly

thin slender, increasing in length till L3 then decreases

Mainly costal element

acessory process on true transverse

98
Q

what strucure is located at the posterio-inferior root of the transverse process of typical lumbars?

A

Accessory process

99
Q

If a costal element of a typical lumbar develops into a lumbar rib, where is it most likely?

A

L1

100
Q

Typical lumbar articular process facets.

what projects posteriolateral from superior articular process?

A

BUM

FoLD

Mamillary process

101
Q

Compare distances between right and left superior and inferior processes in typical lumbars.

A

Distance between left and right articular processes is greater for anterior ones.

102
Q

Describe the pars interarticularis for the typical lumbars

A

more robust than thoracic, entirely compact bone

103
Q

typical lumbar spinous process

A

short A to P, Deep superior to inferior, narrow laterally, hatchet shaped

posterior and large spinous tubercle

104
Q

L5 vertebral body

A

Largest of the lumbar vertebrae

**anterior is greater than posterior height

105
Q

L5 transverse process

A

large a to p, originate from vertebral body, pedicle, and laminal pedicle junction

short laterally

not well developed transverse tubercles

106
Q

L5 spinous process

A

shortest of all vertebrate

Spinal Anatomy 1 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions