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BIO 311C > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

condensation synthesis

A
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2
Q

hydrolysis

A
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3
Q

monomers of each group based on structure and functional groups

A
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4
Q

how are carbohydrates classified

A

examples and function

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5
Q

4 types of lipids

A

example and function

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6
Q

amino acids based on sidechain properties

A

image

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7
Q

4 levels of protein structure, what bonds stabilize them

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8
Q

nucleoside

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9
Q

nucleotide

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10
Q

NTP

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11
Q

dNTP

A
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12
Q

how are ester bonds formed

A
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13
Q

how are glycosidic bonds formed

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14
Q

how are peptide bonds formed

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15
Q

how are phosphodiester bonds formed

A
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16
Q

DNA and RNA similarities

A
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17
Q

DNA and RNA differences

A
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18
Q

elemental composition of carbohydrates

A
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19
Q

elemental composition of lipid

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20
Q

elemental composition of proteins

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21
Q

elemental composition of nucleic acids

A
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22
Q

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell similarities

A
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23
Q

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell differences

A

p: small genome size
e: RNA processing happens in nucleus, protein synthesis happens in cytoplasm, long proteins

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24
Q

plant and animal cell similarities

A
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25
Q

plant and animal cell differences

A
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26
Q

classify components of eukaryotic cell

A

pic/concept map

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27
Q

functions of eukaryotic cell parts

A
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28
Q

structure of cell parts

A

pic

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29
Q

pathway of secretory protein/molecules coming from outside to inside cell

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30
Q

chloroplast vs mitochondria

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31
Q

microtubule vs microfilament

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32
Q

cell wall vs cell junction

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33
Q

metabolism

A

def and ex

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34
Q

anabolism

A

def and ex

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35
Q

catabolism

A

def and ex

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36
Q

entropy

A
37
Q

enthalpy

A
38
Q

free energy

A
39
Q

free energy equation

A
40
Q

3 types of cellular work when ATP is used

A
41
Q

energy released in vitro in ATP hydrolysis

A
42
Q

active site

A
43
Q

substrate

A
44
Q

competitive inhibitor

A
45
Q

non-competitive inhibitor

A
46
Q

factors that impact enzyme activity

A
47
Q

allosteric enzymes

A
48
Q

feedback modification

A
49
Q

chemical modification

A
50
Q

How does a bacterium divide by binary fission? Which cell structures divide by binary fission?

A
51
Q

cell cycle stages (including 3 stages of interphase and mitotic phase)

A
52
Q

how is each phase defined

A
53
Q

what happens at each phase

A
54
Q

cytokinesis in animal cells

A
55
Q

cytokinesis in plant cells

A
56
Q

What are the significances of checkpoints and internal & external conditions that are monitored by cell
to determine whether to divide and whether to progress from one stage to another?

A
57
Q

How do cyclin and CDK serve as major components controlling check points in cell cycle and the
MPF activity occurs as sharp peak during M phase and S phones?

A
58
Q

Learn the changes in ploidy level and DNA amount in meiosis (reduction division)

A
59
Q

stages of meiosis I and II

A
60
Q

3 causes of genetic variation in sexual reproduction and what stages these occur in

A
61
Q

genes

A
62
Q

alleles

A
63
Q

genotype

A
64
Q

phenotype

A
65
Q

dominance

A
66
Q

recessive

A
67
Q

homozygous

A
68
Q

heterozygous

A
69
Q

law of segregation

A
70
Q

law of independent assortment

A
71
Q

monohybrid and dihybrid crosses

A
72
Q

non-mendelian inheritance

A

def and ex

73
Q

incomplete dominance

A
74
Q

co-dominance

A
75
Q

epistasis

A
76
Q

pleiotropy

A
77
Q

multiple alleles

A
78
Q

polygenic inheritance

A
79
Q

epigenetics

A
80
Q

Be able to predict the pattern of inheritance in a given example based on the laws of inheritance in both
mono- and dihybrid

A
81
Q

helicase

A

unwinds the double helix

82
Q

helicase

A

unwinds the double helix

83
Q

primase

A

synthesizes RNA primers

84
Q

single stranded binding protein

A

stabilizes single stranded regions

85
Q

DNA gryase

A

relieves torque

86
Q

DNA polymerase 3

A

synthesizes DNA, proofreads, and repairs

87
Q

DNA polymerase 1

A

erases primers and fills gap with DNA

88
Q

DNA ligase

A

joins ends of DNA segments

BIO 311C (2 decks)

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