Final Exam Flashcards
ADC prevent collisions between whom?
- Between aircraft flying within the designated area of responsibility of the tower including the circuit
- Aircraft landing and taking off
- Aircraft operating on the manoeuvring area
- Aircraft, vehicles and personnel operating on the manoeuvring area
- Aircraft on the manoeuvring area and obstructions on that area
When is the transfer of control effected from approach to aerodrome?
RAC3-9 1.5.6
- is within 10 NM of the aerodrome, and
• it is considered that approach and landing will be completed in visual reference to the ground, or
• has reached uninterrupted visual meteorological conditions, or - is at a prescribed point or level, or
- has landed,
As specified in LOA or LUO.
When shall the information on an ATIS be revised and updated?
· The instrument approach has changed
· The take-off or landing runway is changed
· Changes occur in the operational status of the aerodrome and its facilities;
· The meteorological conditions change through or by criteria detailed in the MET section “Take-off and Landing Report Revision Criteria”
What are the three basic things that you are required to include in a briefing for all personnel before they proceed onto the manoeuvring area?
· Stop and wait for permission, either by radio or light signal, before moving onto the manoeuvring area and before crossing or moving on to any runway, grass landing area or taxiway; and
· Watch for and give way at all times to aircraft; and
· Look for signals from the tower, including activation of runway lighting, etc.
When are the two times the pilot should pass POB
· Departing aircraft should advise POB prior to taxiing onto the manoeuvring area
· Arriving aircraft should advise POB when establishing RTF communication with aerodrome control or AFIS.
List in the correct order the 7 elements (with no ATIS) of a taxi clearance of a departing aircraft?
· Aircraft callsign
· Local traffic information or taxi sequence instructions
· Taxi clearance
· Runway to be used
· Aerodrome conditions information
· Meteorological information/ATIS
· For IFR flights “Time (minutes only to the nearest half minute)” unless a time check has been given with start up advice or arrangements have been made for it to be obtained from other sources.
List the items that shall be included in the aerodrome conditions information
· Construction or maintenance work, on or immediately adjacent to the movement area;
· Rough or broken surfaces on a runway, taxiway or apron whether marked or not;
· Snow, slush or ice, on a runway, taxiway or apron, including effect on braking action;
· Water on a runway, taxiway, or apron including effect on braking action;
· Snow banks or drifts adjacent to a runway, taxiway or apron;
· Other temporary hazards, including parked aircraft and birds on the ground or in the air;
· Failure or irregular operation of part or all of the aerodrome lighting system;
· Any other pertinent information
How do we indicate on the FPB an aircraft or vehicle is occupying a runway in use
Display a blocking strip, an aircraft flight progress strip or a marker on the part of the flight progress board that is used to represent the runway.
What shall a taxi clearance contain when the limit is beyond a runway
An explicit clearance to cross or an instruction to hold short of that runway.
What’s the phraseologies used to a pilot to abandon the take-off because of a perilous situation?
“(callsign) STOP IMMEDIATELY, (repeat callsign) STOP IMMEDIATELY” followed immediately by the nature of the emergency.
Know the two different conditional line up clearances for scenarios
For example:
“KVW, BEHIND THE TOMAHAWK ON SHORT FINAL, LINE UP BEHIND”
“NEW ZEALAND 4011 LIMA, AFTER THE DEPARTING ATR, LINE UP BEHIND’
When may you issue a qualified take-off clearance?
· It is during daylight hours; AND
· Visibility is 5km or greater; AND
· There is a reasonable assurance that the appropriate runway separation will exist at the time the departing aircraft commences take-off; AND
· The pilot is advised of the preceding departing or landing aircraft (or personnel/vehicle crossing/vacating the runway), and will be able to keep it in sight until runway separation is in place
List in the correct order the elements of a landing clearance
- Callsign
- Any significant change in MET information already given to aircraft
- Runway surface conditions
- Other temporary hazards (birds)
- Any special information or instructions relating to turning off the runway after landing
- Cautionary advice or wake turbulence
- Any qualification applicable
- Runway seal/grass number
- “CLEARED TO LAND”
What methods do you use to achieve sequencing of aircraft in the circuit?
- Enter the circuit at a specified position and/or level
- Follow a specified circuit or part circuit
- Hold over a specified position
- Orbit (right or left) from a particular position
- Extend or shorten legs of the circuit
- Follow any other specified manoeuvre, or combination of the above, compatible with safety.
What are the phraseologies that shall be issued as necessary to sequence adjust or delay an approach or traffic in the circuit?
· “Climb straight ahead”
· “Orbit (left/right)
· “Make short approach”
· “Extend downwind”
· “Continue approach”
What are the limitations that a controller should bear in mind when issuing instructions for an aircraft to follow or position behind another in a landing sequence?
· The field of vision from the cockpit
· The contrast formed by an aircraft and its background
· Glare from the sun;
· Restricted visibility caused by haze or other conditions;
· The possibility of misidentification of the subject aircraft. If there is any doubt, or if the pilot reports difficulty in sighting the aircraft, action shall be taken to ensure that adequate separation is maintained.
What are the 4 basic elements of a conditional clearance?
· Callsign
· The condition
· The clearance
· A brief reiteration of the condition
What are the criteria that must be applied when using reduced runway separations?
· Daylight operations only
· Visibility is 5 km or greater and conditions do not prevent the pilot from making an early assessment of conditions on the runway
· Braking action is unlikely to be adversely affected by runway contaminants
· Specified longitudinal distances are able to be readily determined by the aerodrome controller by reference to prominent markers or features
· Pertinent traffic information that will enable the following aircraft to sight the preceding aircraft is issued
· It is considered by the aerodrome controller there is no risk of collision
Disregarding Wake turbulence when may an aircraft be cleared to take-off from a crossing runway?
· A preceding aircraft taking off on a crossing runway has crossed and is clear of the intersection,
· A preceding aircraft landing on a crossing runway has crossed and is clear of the intersection,
· A preceding aircraft that has landed on a crossing runway has stopped short of and is clear of the intersection
If you want to change the runway-in-use what must you do?
Must co-ordinate the timing and selection with the approach controller
What are the wake turbulence categories?
Super - A388
Heavy - MCTOW 136,000 KG or more
Medium - MCTOW of Less than 136,000 KG and more than 7,000 KG
Light - MCTOW of 7,000 KG or less
The direction of the circuit at controlled aerodromes shall be left-hand except where otherwise prescribed, however an aircraft may be permitted to carry out non-standard circuits provided what?
- such non-standard manoeuvres are not specifically precluded; and
- adequate control can be maintained.
Clearances to VFR, including SVFR shall provide what?
· Provide separation in accordance with RAC 5, and
· Provide traffic information in accordance with RAC 10
What are the elements in order used when passing traffic information?
· The word “Traffic”
· Direction of flight or nature of operation
· Aircraft type
· Level (if known)
· Positional information, including as appropriate:
o Present position and/or track; or
o Relative bearing and distance; or
o ETO at an appropriate reporting point; or
o ETP
What is the standard runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be cleared for take-off when the preceding departing aircraft A has started a turn, or has crossed the end of the runway-in-use.
What is the reduced take-off vs take-off runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be cleared for take-off when the following conditions exist:
• By day or night, if the runway is longer than 1800m, a preceding departing aircraft A is airborne and has reached a point at least 1800 m ahead of aircraft B.
What is the reduced take-off vs take-off runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be cleared for take-off when:
Both aircraft have a MCTOW of 7000 kg or less, and a preceding departing aircraft A is airborne and has reached a point at least 1000m ahead of aircraft B.
What is the reduced take-off vs take-off runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be cleared for take-off provided that both aircraft have an MCTOW of 2300 kg or less, and a preceding aircraft A is airborne and has reached a point at least 600 m ahead of aircraft B.
What is the take-off vs landing runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be cleared for take-off when the preceding landing aircraft A is clear of the runway
What is the landing vs landing runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be permitted to cross the runway threshold to land when aircraft A is clear of the runway
What is the reduced landing vs landing separation here?
Aircraft B may be permitted to cross the runway threshold to land when Aircraft A has landed and is still occupying the runway, and Both aircraft have a MCTOW of 7000 kg or less, and aircraft A has commenced a turn to vacate the runway without stopping or backtracking.
What is the reduced landing vs landing separation here?
Aircraft B may be permitted to cross the runway threshold to land while aircraft A is still occupying the runway, and both aircraft are 2300 kg or less, and aircraft A will vacate the runway without backtracking.
What is the landing vs take-off runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be permitted to cross the runway threshold to land when a departing aircraft A has started a turn or crossed the other end of the runway-in-use.
What is the reduced landing vs take-off runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be permitted to cross the threshold to land prior to aircraft A crossing the other end of the runway-in-use or starting a turn provided that aircraft A is airborne, and past the point on the runway at which aircraft B could be expected to have completed a landing roll.
What is the reduced landing vs take-off runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be permitted to cross the threshold to land when both aircraft are 2300 kg MCTOW or less, and aircraft A is accelerating and past the point on the runway which aircraft B could be expected to have completed a normal landing roll, and that point being a minimum of 600 metres from the landing threshold.
What is the reduced landing vs take-off runway separation here?
Aircraft B may be permitted to cross the threshold to land when both aircraft are 2300 kg MCTOW or less, and aircraft A is accelerating and past the point on the runway which aircraft B could be expected to have completed a normal landing roll, and that point being a minimum of 600 metres from the landing threshold.
What is the wake turbulence separation between arriving and departing flights on an opposite direction runway operation?
(Between H and M/L or M and L)
2 minutes, if the projected flight paths are expected to cross or there is a possibility of wake turbulence affecting the second aircraft and the aircraft are operating from an opposite direction on the same runway or opposite direction parallel runways separated by less than 760m
Name these parts of a Runway
