FINAL (Diagnostics) Flashcards
Orthopnea:
-Type of dyspnea–> aggravated on recumbent position (laying down)
-Relived by sitting or standing
-Occurs in advanced left ventricular failure
What is collateral cancer?
Collateral cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer and colon cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine).
Symptoms of collateral cancer?
Blood in stool, change sin bowel movements. weight loss, feeling tired all the time
Collateral cancer causes?
Old age, lifestyle, genetic disorders
When is heart rate pathological?
-Right ventricular hypertrophy
-Dilation of left ventricle
-Tactile in the epigastric area
When is the diastolic organic murmur heard?
-Mitral stenosis
-Aortic regurgitation
What is specific to lung disease in cyanosis?
-Central cyanosis
-Warm extremities
-Blue discolouration of extremities and mucosa
Concept of stupor?
Stupor is the lack of critical mental function and a level of consciousness wherein an affected person is almost entirely unresponsive and only responds to intense stimuli such as pain
What is characteristics of bouchard’s nodes and heberden nodes?
Heberden’s nodes: bony bumps on the finger joint closest to the fingernail
Bouchard’s nodes: bony bumps on the middle joint of the finger
Both are due to osteoarthritis
What includes in examination of musculoskeletal system (GALL)?
-Assess the muscle power (ask to make a fist with both hands around your twi fingers and to squeeze tightly)
-Search crepitation during the knee joint flexion
where do you auscultate sounds and murmurs associated with pulmonary artery?
The second intercostal space to the left
Methods of antisepsis are:
Chemical, physical, biological, mechanical, prophylactic
In which position is it recommended to palpate the thyroid gland?
Vertical (sitting or standing), supine
Respiratory system, what can we examine by palpation?
Chest expansion
pleural friction rub
Tractile fremitus
Which of the following factors may be associated with impaired wound healing*?
Long term use of steroids
Peripheral vascular disease
Diabetes mellitus
Chemotherapy
Which of the following statement is true concerning the clinical management of an open wound?
A moist occlusive dressing promotes epithelization and reduces pain
Heart auscultation. What is recommended to auscultate in a sitting position with a bell or a diaphragm?
A DIAAPHRAGM
What is included in examination of musculoskeletal system (GALL)?
A PATELLAR TAP
Internal rotation of hip with the hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees
A patient suffers from nervousness, sleeplessness, palpitation, arrhythmia, diarrhoea
What objective finding in this case do you search?
Choose only one best answer
Premature beats, tachycardia, increased systolic blood pressure, positive Graefe’s symptom
A patient presents pain in the left hip and the right knee. what do you suspect?
Rhematoid arthritis
Why do we perform comparative percussion?
To diagnose assymetrisity of the chest according to the percussion note
A patient with asthenia, nausea and hypotension was hospitalised. on inspection: generalised brown discolouration of points of pressure, genitalia and palmar creases. what is the cause pf generalised hyperpigmentation?
Excerbation of chronic adrenocortical failure (adison’s disease)
When is capillary pulsation (refill) seen?
AOTIC REGURGITATION
A 62 year old man was admitted to a hospital because of vomiting ( of
ground coffee appearance) and weakness. On examination his speech was slow , his answers were inappropriate. The abdomen was enlarged with dilated periumbilical veins . What is a cause of vomiting and abnormal consciousness in this case ?
Portal hypertension
