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Professional competence > FINAL (Diagnostics) > Flashcards

FINAL (Diagnostics) Flashcards

1
Q

Orthopnea:

A

-Type of dyspnea–> aggravated on recumbent position (laying down)
-Relived by sitting or standing
-Occurs in advanced left ventricular failure

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2
Q

What is collateral cancer?

A

Collateral cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer and colon cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine).

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3
Q

Symptoms of collateral cancer?

A

Blood in stool, change sin bowel movements. weight loss, feeling tired all the time

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4
Q

Collateral cancer causes?

A

Old age, lifestyle, genetic disorders

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5
Q

When is heart rate pathological?

A

-Right ventricular hypertrophy
-Dilation of left ventricle
-Tactile in the epigastric area

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6
Q

When is the diastolic organic murmur heard?

A

-Mitral stenosis
-Aortic regurgitation

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7
Q

What is specific to lung disease in cyanosis?

A

-Central cyanosis
-Warm extremities
-Blue discolouration of extremities and mucosa

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8
Q

Concept of stupor?

A

Stupor is the lack of critical mental function and a level of consciousness wherein an affected person is almost entirely unresponsive and only responds to intense stimuli such as pain

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9
Q

What is characteristics of bouchard’s nodes and heberden nodes?

A

Heberden’s nodes: bony bumps on the finger joint closest to the fingernail

Bouchard’s nodes: bony bumps on the middle joint of the finger

Both are due to osteoarthritis

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10
Q

What includes in examination of musculoskeletal system (GALL)?

A

-Assess the muscle power (ask to make a fist with both hands around your twi fingers and to squeeze tightly)

-Search crepitation during the knee joint flexion

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11
Q

where do you auscultate sounds and murmurs associated with pulmonary artery?

A

The second intercostal space to the left

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12
Q

Methods of antisepsis are:

A

Chemical, physical, biological, mechanical, prophylactic

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13
Q

In which position is it recommended to palpate the thyroid gland?

A

Vertical (sitting or standing), supine

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14
Q

Respiratory system, what can we examine by palpation?

A

Chest expansion
pleural friction rub
Tractile fremitus

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15
Q

Which of the following factors may be associated with impaired wound healing*?

A

Long term use of steroids
Peripheral vascular disease
Diabetes mellitus
Chemotherapy

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16
Q

Which of the following statement is true concerning the clinical management of an open wound?

A

A moist occlusive dressing promotes epithelization and reduces pain

17
Q

Heart auscultation. What is recommended to auscultate in a sitting position with a bell or a diaphragm?

A

A DIAAPHRAGM

18
Q

What is included in examination of musculoskeletal system (GALL)?

A

A PATELLAR TAP
Internal rotation of hip with the hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees

19
Q

A patient suffers from nervousness, sleeplessness, palpitation, arrhythmia, diarrhoea
What objective finding in this case do you search?
Choose only one best answer

A

Premature beats, tachycardia, increased systolic blood pressure, positive Graefe’s symptom

20
Q

A patient presents pain in the left hip and the right knee. what do you suspect?

A

Rhematoid arthritis

21
Q

Why do we perform comparative percussion?

A

To diagnose assymetrisity of the chest according to the percussion note

22
Q

A patient with asthenia, nausea and hypotension was hospitalised. on inspection: generalised brown discolouration of points of pressure, genitalia and palmar creases. what is the cause pf generalised hyperpigmentation?

A

Excerbation of chronic adrenocortical failure (adison’s disease)

23
Q

When is capillary pulsation (refill) seen?

A

AOTIC REGURGITATION

24
Q

A 62 year old man was admitted to a hospital because of vomiting ( of
ground coffee appearance) and weakness. On examination his speech was slow , his answers were inappropriate. The abdomen was enlarged with dilated periumbilical veins . What is a cause of vomiting and abnormal consciousness in this case ?

A

Portal hypertension

25
Q

Arterial blood pressure 165/50mmHg. What do you suspect ?

A

Aortic regurgitation

26
Q

A man attended the outpatient clinic for right hypochondrium pain and mild jaundice. His symptoms occurred five days ago after abuse of alcohol during the last two weeks. What laboratory abnormalities do you expect ?

A

Unconjugated bilirubin ↑ , Conjugated bilirubin ↑ , Alanine ( ALT/GTP) transaminase ↑ , Aspartate (AST) transaminase ↑ , Bilirubinuria , Urobilinogen in urine ↑

27
Q

What is true for peripheral cyanosis ?

A

It is common In Right ventricular failure

Professional competence (4 decks)

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