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CHEM 1201 > [FINAL] Concepts to know > Flashcards

[FINAL] Concepts to know Flashcards

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1
Q

Diatomic molecules

A

Only exist in pairs:

Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I)

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2
Q

Which of the following represents formulas of ionic compounds?
(i) (NH4)3PO4 (ii) HMnO4 (iii) P2O5 (iv) CuSO3 (v) PbCl4

A: (i) only
B: (ii) and (iii)
C: (i) and (iii)
D: (iv) and (v)
E: (i), (iv) and (v)
A

E; (i), (iv) and (v)

sample question test 1

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3
Q

If a metal cation forms M3PO4 with a phosphate anion, what is the formula unit of the compound it forms with a hydroxide ion?

A: M(OH)4
B: M(OH)3
C: M(OH)2
D: MOH
E: M2OH
A

D; MOH

sample question test 1

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4
Q

How many of the following formulas are correctly matched with chemical names?

(i) MgHPO4 - magnesium dihydrogen phosphate
(ii) (NH4)2CO3 - ammonium carbonate
(iii) HBrO2 - Bromous acid
(iv) P2O5 - diphosphorous pentoxide
(v) Sn(CrO4)2 - tin(II) chromate

A: 1
B: 2
C: 3
D: 4
E: 5
A

C; 3

sample question test 1

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5
Q

Which of the ions is not likely to exist?

A: RB^+
B: Ba ^2+
C: P^3-
D: Pb^4+
E: I^2-
A

E; I^2-

sample question test 1

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6
Q

Cations

A

Fewer electrons, positive charge, main group metals.

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7
Q

Anions

A

More electrons, negative charge, no metals.

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8
Q

7 Strong acids

A

HCl, HBr, HI, HClO3, HClO4, HNO3, H2SO4

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9
Q

Strong bases

A

metal hydroxides of group 1A and 2A

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10
Q

In endothermic reactions, heat is _____ and the sign of delta H is ____

A

absorbed, positive

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11
Q

In exothermic reactions, heat is _____ and the sign of delta H is ____

A

released, negative

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12
Q

Is energy emitted or absorbed?

from n=2 to n=5

A

absorbed, from closer to further

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13
Q

Is energy emitted or absorbed?

from an orbit of radius 9.5 A to 4.5 A

A

emitted, from far to close

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14
Q

Is energy emitted or absorbed?

from n=6 to n=1

A

emitted, from far to close

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15
Q

Who does the screening in terms of electrons?

A

Core electrons screen valence electrons

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16
Q

The higher the L, the further from the…

A

Nucleus

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17
Q

Which penetrate better S electrons or P?

A

S

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18
Q

As L goes up, screening goes…, and penetration goes…

A

Screening goes up, penetration goes down

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19
Q

The trend of increasing atomic radius is…

A

From right to left and down

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20
Q

The trend of ionization energy is…

A

Increasing from up and to the right

21
Q

Cations are… Than their parent atoms

A

Smaller

22
Q

Anions are….. Than their parent atoms

A

Larger

23
Q

In isoelectronic ions, what will have the highest attraction and the lowest radius

A

The ion with the most protons will be the smallest

24
Q

The blank the ions… And the… Their ionic charges, the stronger the ionic bonds. What does this reference?

A

Smaller the ions and higher their ionic charges. Lattice energy

25
Q

Electronegativity will… As you go… And to the… Of the periodic table

A

Increase, up, right

26
Q

The least electronegativity atom serves as the… Atom in a Lewis dot structure

A

central

27
Q

What elements can expand their octet?

A

3rd and higher period

28
Q

As the number of bonds increases what happens?

A
  • bond length decreases
  • bond strength increases
  • bond distance decreases
29
Q

2 electron domains

A

180’ degrees

Linear

30
Q

3 electron domains

A

120 degrees

trigonal planar

31
Q

4 electron domains

A

109.5 degrees

tetrahedral

32
Q

5 electron domains

A

180, 120, 90 degrees

trigonal bipyramidal

33
Q

6 electron domains

A

180, 90 degrees

octahedral

34
Q

trigonal planar, 1 lone pair

A

bent

35
Q

tetrahedral, 1 lone pair

A

trigonal pyramidal

36
Q

tetrahedral, 2 lone pairs

A

bent

37
Q

trigonal bipyramidal, 1 lone pair

A

seesaw

38
Q

trigonal bipyramidal, 2 lone pairs

A

T-shaped

39
Q

trigonal bipyramidal, 3 lone pairs

A

linear

40
Q

Octahedral, 1 lone pair

A

square pyramidal

41
Q

Octahedral, 2 lone pairs

A

square planar

42
Q

1 atm= ? Pa

A

101325 Pa

43
Q

1 atm= ? mmHg and torr

A

760

44
Q

1 atm= ? bar

A

1.01325 bar

45
Q

If there are three molecules connected to a central atom, and one is more electronegative than the other two, what would the distance be between each atom

A

the more electronegative atom will have a greater angle and the two atoms of the same molecule will be pushed closer

46
Q

lighter atoms move (faster or slower)?

A

faster

47
Q

The kinetic- molecular theory predicts that pressure rises as the temperature of a gas increases because____

A

The gas molecules collide more frequently with the wall

48
Q

Which of the following describes gases?

(i) they are compressible
(ii) they diffuse into each other
(iii) they effuse through small openings
(iv) they elastically collide with each other

A: (i)
B: (ii) and (iii)
C: (i) and (iv)
D: (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
E: (ii), (iii) and (iv)
A

D; all

49
Q

Which intermolecular forces are present between molecules of formaldehyde, HCHO?

A: London- Dispersion forces only
B: diploe-dipole forces only
C: London- Dispersion forces and diploe-dipole forces only
D: London-dispersion forces and hydrogen bonding only
E: all

A

C; london- dispersion forces and dipole-dipole forces

CHEM 1201 (12 decks)

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