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MOR 243: Thanatochemistry > Final: Chapters 1 - 24 > Flashcards

Final: Chapters 1 - 24 Flashcards

1
Q

Any substance t breaks apart in aqueous solution to yield hydronium ions is a:

A

Acid

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2
Q

Salts of citric acid are no longer used in embalming fluids because:

A

They tend to increase coagulation in the presence of certain bacteria

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3
Q

Gases take on the shape of

A

Their container

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4
Q

The atomic number is equal to the number of

A

Protons

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5
Q

Which of the following is a physical change?

  • Decomposition of human remains
  • Burning paper
  • Melting ice
  • Reacting sodium with chlorine
A

Melting ice

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6
Q

Any substance that accepts a pair of electrons is a:

A

Acid

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7
Q

The atomic mass is equal to:

A

The number of protons plus neutrons

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8
Q

What is an example of a chelate?

A

Salts of EDTA

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9
Q

Amino acids are the building blocks of:

A

Proteins

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10
Q

Methanol is used in embalming fluids as a:

A

Antipolymerizing agent

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11
Q

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction yet appears unchanged from among the products of the reaction is a:

A

Enzyme

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12
Q

The temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid state to the solid state

A

Freezing point

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13
Q

What radiation is most damaging to human tissue

A

Alpha radiation

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14
Q

Advanced decomposition:

A

Increases formaldehyde demand

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15
Q

What are organic bases?

A

Amines

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16
Q

Formaldehyde reacts with proteins by:

A
  • Cross-linking peptide linkages
  • Cross-linking the imide groups
  • Cross-linking the amino group
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17
Q

Supersaturated solution

A

Contains more solute than can be held under normal conditions

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18
Q

Hemoglobin contains how many subunits

A

4

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19
Q

Li + Cl = LiCl is an example of a:

A

Synthesis

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20
Q

What is a pure substance?

A
  • Carbon
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Oxygen
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21
Q

Putrefaction involves:

A

Decarboxylation

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22
Q

The general formula for an alcohol is:

A

ROH

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23
Q

What is used as supplementary germicides in embalming fluids?

A

Quaternary ammonium salts

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24
Q

What can influence the stability of embalming fluids?

A
  • Temperature
  • Time
  • pH
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25
Q

A symbol is an abbreviation for:

A

Element

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26
Q

A tincture is a solution of alcohol and:

A

Iodine

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27
Q

NH4+ is called:

A

Ammonium

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28
Q

How many carbons would the compound propane contain?

A

3

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29
Q

The study of certain carbon containing compounds

A

Organic chemistry

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30
Q

Paraform is used in:

A

Solid autopsy compounds

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31
Q

When embalming with glutaraldehyde a molecule of water is removed at the site of every peptide linkage. (T/F)

A

False

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32
Q

Formaldehyde can be produced from the partial oxidation of:

A

Methanol

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33
Q

Formaldehyde forms urotropin when it reacts with

A

Bases

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34
Q

Rigor mortis occurs because:

A

The supply of ATP has been used up

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35
Q

In Charles’ Law, if the volume decreases then the _____ must decrease:

A

Temperature

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36
Q

A compound that can act as both an acid and a base is said to be:

A

Amphoteric

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37
Q

Amines:

A

Are intermediate products of decomposition

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38
Q

Nitrogen has a combining capacity of

A

3

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39
Q

Alkynes are:

A

Unsaturated

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40
Q

A compound in which there is a chemical union between water and the molecules of certain substances is a:

A

Hydrate

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41
Q

Isotonic solution:

A

Two solutions of equal concentration

42
Q

What is an example of a polyatomic ion?

A

HCO3-

43
Q

Lipids are:

A

Not cross-linked by formaldehyde

44
Q

When naming alkynes the ending is always:

A

yne

45
Q

Energy of motion is:

A

Kinetic energy

46
Q

The addition of hydrogen to a substance is one definition for:

A

Reduction

47
Q

The letter C is the symbol for which element?

A

Carbon

48
Q

The standard unit of measurement for length is the:

A

Meter

49
Q

Index is defined as:

A

The number of grams of pure formaldehyde gas dissolved in 100 milliliters of solution

50
Q

Inactive precursors of enzymes are called:

A

Proenzymes

51
Q

Mercaptans are:

A

Similar to alcohols but contain S instead of O

52
Q

Water is often used as a _____ in arterial fluids

A

Vehicle

53
Q

Any substance that donates a proton is a:

A

Acid

54
Q

In Boyle’s Law, if the pressure decreases then the volume must:

A

Increase

55
Q

The boiling point of a substance is considered to be a:

A

Physical property

56
Q

The prefix centi means:

A

1/100

57
Q

The standard unit of measurement for heat is the:

A

calorie

58
Q

The anaerobic decomposition of proteins brought about by the action of enzymes

A

Putrefaction

59
Q

The polymer that formaldehyde forms is called:

A

Paraformaldehyde

60
Q

An ion is a:

A

Charged particle

61
Q

An endothermic reaction is one in which heat is:

A

Absorbed

62
Q

Dilute solution:

A

Small amount of solute in relation to solvent

63
Q

Alkanes are characterized by:

A

Single bonds

64
Q

Formaldehyde is a:

A

Gas

65
Q

36 ATP’s are gained from the _____ of one glucose molecule

A

Oxidation

66
Q

The half-life of a substance is:

A

The amount of time that it takes for half of the initial amount of radiation to decay

67
Q

A(n) _____ is an abbreviation for a chemical change

A

Equation

68
Q

A compound that protects a solution against pH changes is a:

A

Buffer

69
Q

A type of inhibition of enzyme activity in which the inhibitor competes with the normal substrate for the active site of the enzyme

A

Competitive inhibition

70
Q

The compound on which an enzyme works is the definition of:

A

Substrate

71
Q

How many types of beta radiation are there?

A

2

72
Q

An example of a humectant used in embalming fluids

A

Glycerin

73
Q

Esters are used as _____ in embalming fluids

A

Reodorants

74
Q

If a compound contains the functional group C=O then it is:

A
  • Ketone
  • Aldehyde
  • Carboxylic acid
75
Q

Proteins that have subunits have what type of structure?

A

Quaternary

76
Q

The process of boiling fats or oils with aqueous alkali is:

A

Saponification

77
Q

The conversion of an atom of one element into an atom of another is:

A

Transmutation

78
Q

A nonprotein substance that is necessary for the function of some enzymes is called:

A

Cofactor

79
Q

An alkane with two carbons would be called:

A

Ethane

80
Q

Complete oxidation of any organic compound produces:

A
  • Carbon dioxide

* Water

81
Q

Hydrolysis of a monosaccharide produces:

A

Monosaccharides cannot be hydrolyzed

82
Q

The process where a solid goes directly to the gaseous state without going through a liquid state is called:

A

Sublimation

83
Q

Eosin is a type of:

A

Dye

84
Q

In a very basic solution formaldehyde will:

A

Decompose

85
Q

Concentrated solution:

A

Greater amount of solute in relation to solvent

86
Q

A pH of 8 indicates a:

A

Basic solution

87
Q

Substances composed of two or more elements chemically united in a definite proportion by mass

A

Compounds

88
Q

The elements in group VIIA (chlorine, bromine, iodine…) are called:

A

Halogens

89
Q

Covalent bonds are due to:

A

An equal sharing of electrons between atoms

90
Q

Unsaturated solution:

A

Not yet saturated

91
Q

What type of radiation travels as a wave?

A

Gamma

92
Q

Adipocere occurs when a body comes in contact with:

A

Basic conditions

93
Q

An aqueous solution containing 40% HCHO gas by volume

A

Formalin

94
Q

An electron has a charge of:

A

-1

95
Q

Substances that give up their water of crystallization to the surrounding air are:

A

Efflorescent

96
Q

The removal of electrons from a substance is one definition for:

A

Oxidation

97
Q

A mixture of two mutually insoluble substances, such as dirt and water, with the dirt being held in suspension by a third substance is a:

A

Emulsion

98
Q

Surfactants are used in embalming fluids to:

A

Reduce surface tension

99
Q

A blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:

A

Burst

100
Q

Density can be defined mathematically as:

A

D = M/V

MOR 243: Thanatochemistry (38 decks)

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