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Biology paper 2 key points > final biology > Flashcards

final biology Flashcards

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1
Q

How do pupils contract?

A

circular muscles contract

radial muscles relax

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2
Q

How do pupils dilate?

A

circular muscles relax

radial muscles contract

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3
Q

How do eyes change so that they can see objects that are close?

A

ciliary muscles contract

suspensory ligaments slackens

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4
Q

How do eyes change so that they can see objects that are far?

A

ciliary muscles relax

suspensory ligaments pull tight

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5
Q

What is the name for short sightedness?

A

Myopia

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6
Q

How is myopia treated?

A

concave lens

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7
Q

What is the cerebral cortex responsible for?

A

consciousness, intelligence, memory, language

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8
Q

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

A

muscle coordination

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9
Q

What is the medulla responsible for?

A

unconscious activities e.g. heartbeat

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10
Q

What is the role of FSH?

A

causes egg to mature

stimulates production of oestrogen

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11
Q

Where is FSH produced?

A

pituitary gland

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12
Q

What is the role of oestrogen?

A

causes lining to grow
stimulates release of LH
inhibits FSH

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13
Q

Where is oestrogen produced?

A

ovaries

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14
Q

What is the role of LH?

A

stimulates release of egg

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15
Q

Where is LH produced?

A

pituitary gland

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16
Q

What is the role of progesterone?

A

maintains lining

inhibits LH and FSH

17
Q

Where and how is progesterone made?

A

by the remains of the follicle in the ovaries

18
Q

What is the product of anaerobic decay?

A

methane

19
Q

What 3 methods do scientists use to study the brain?

A
  • Studying patients with brain damage
  • electrically stimulating the brain
  • MRI scans
20
Q

What enzyme is used to break open the plasmid?

A

Lysozyme

21
Q

What enzyme is used to remove the insulin gene?

A

Restriction

22
Q

What enzyme is used to insert the gene into the plasmid?

A

Ligase

23
Q

What are the 3 groups organisms can be divided into?

A

Eukaryotes
Bacteria
Archaea

Biology paper 2 key points (2 decks)

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