final bio test Flashcards
the science of the inheritance of traits
genetics
the passing of traits from parents to offspring
hereditary
sections of a chromosome, each of which contains one set of instructions
genes
a specific characteristic of an induvidual
trait
2 or more alternate forms of a gene. the alleles are located at the same position on one of the pairs of homogolous chromosomes
allele
the alleles an organism contains
genotype
The observable traits of an organism that arise because of the interaction between genes and their environment.
phenotype
A genotype in which the alleles of a pair are different.
heterozygous
A genotype in which the alleles of a pair are the same.
homozygous
Alleles of this type determine the expression of the genetic trait in the offspring.
dominant
Alleles of this type are overruled by dominant alleles.
recessive
The chromosomes not involved in sex determination.
autosome
A pair of chromosomes that have a role in determining the sex of an organism.
sex chromosome
A situation in which neither allele for a trait is dominant over the other – blending
incomplete dominance
Occurs when one allele is not dominant; both alleles are expressed equally.
codominance
