Final Arthrology of the vertebral column

Question 1

What are the characteristics of a (amphiarthrosis) symphysis?

Answer 1

limited motion, median plane location, support ligaments both anterior and posterior to the joint, more permanent in longevity than synchondrosis and they occur between bones developing by endochondral ossification

Question 2

What are the four consistent features of synovial (diarthrorsis) joints?

Answer 2

articular or fibrous capsule, synovial membrane, articular cartilage and synovial fluid

Question 3

Thickening of the fibrous capsule connective tissue will form the _______?

Answer 3

capsular ligament

Question 4

What generic accessory ligaments may accompany and support the capsular ligament?

Answer 4

intracapsular and extracapsular ligaments

Question 5

What are the common characteristics of type I articular receptors?

Answer 5

located in the superficial layer of the fibrous capsule, resemble Ruffini endings, most numerous in cervical zygapophyses and they monitor the joint “at rest”

Question 6

What are the characteristics of type II articular receptors?

Answer 6

located in deeper strata of the fibrous capsule, resemble Pacinian corpuscles, most numerous in the cervical spine and monitor the joint during normal range of motion

Question 7

What are the characteristics of type III articular receptors?

Answer 7

preseddnt in collateral and intrinsic ligaments, resemble Golgi tendon organs, not initially observed along the vertebral column and monitor extreme joint motion