Final Flashcards
Two ways of classifying SCI injuries
Complete vs incomplete and traumatic vs non-traumatic
What group us most likely to experience an SCI?
Young men between the ages of 16-30 (40% occur at this age and 80% occur in men)
The three most common causes of SCI? (US)
Car accidents, falls, and gunshot wounds.
What area is innervated by the cervical region?
Upper limb and hands
What area is innervated by the thoracic region?
Abdominals, chest, and back
What area is innervated by the lumbar region?
Legs and feet
What area is innervated by the sacral region?
bladder/bowel control and sexual function
Tetraplegia
Type of SCI with cervical lesion where all four limbs are affected. Potential respiratory dysfucntion.
Paraplegia
Type of SCI with thoracic or lumbar lesion where the arms are unaffected.
Hemiplegia
A type of SCI where one side of the body is affected
Fitness guidelines for people with SCI
20 minutes of MVPA twice per week, and 3 sets of strength exercise for functional muscle groups twice per week. Separate cardiometabolic guidelines exist.
What is Cerebral Palsy (CP)?
A chronic neurological disorder of movement and posture caused by a lesion in the developing brain (pregnancy to 3 years) that is not progressive.
CP incidence rate?
1.5-4 / 1000 births or children under 3.
3 main brain areas relevant to CP
Basal ganglia, motor cortex, and the cerebellum
CP spasticity
The most common difference. Caused by damage to the motor cortex. Involves hypertonic muscles and co-contractions.
CP Athetosis
Caused by damage to the basal ganglia. Uncoordinated and involuntary movements. Variable muscle tone (hyper and hypo).
Ataxia
Caused by damage to the cereballar-veastibular region. Poor balance and coordination, hypotonia/poor postural tone.
What is the clinical way of classifying CP?
Pair type of movements with limbs involved (monoplegia, diplegia, quadriplegia, hemiplegia, triplegia).
Gross motor function classification system for CP
Classifies individuals based on functional ability outside the clinic.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Brain damage caused by impact. May be either open or closed.