Final Flashcards
what is autonomy
a country’s freedom to act
two types of autonomy
internal and external
internal autonomy
no uprising, no wide scale rebellions / protests; is your government free to pass laws and act as it wants
external autonomy/soverignthy
are you under attack, take borders, outside companies or countries that are trying to force your country into something that it does not want to do
what is capacity
do you have the resources to act on your autonomy; the money, educated people, roads, etc. (armed uprisings)
what is liberalism
freedom; not concerned with equality; oney care about freedom of opportuni
what is communism
no freedom; all about quality
social democracy freedom
in between; wide range of balances in between but care about both
how would liberal view taxation
don’t like it
social democracy taxation
higher taxes; range but higher than liberal
communism taxes
between 0 and 100 but only one of the two; don’t now anything so it doesn’t get taxed but everything you make goes to the government
modernization theory
no middle class; no democracy; argues that if there is no middle class there won’t be a democracy; 2.) even when modernization occurs it can be bad; only benefits some people then not everyone wins and the party that loses out can be convinced by those above them that the problems can be fixed
role of elites
changing the interest calculation of elite; convince the elite that its better to give up power and give up money then they’ll take it; South Africa (kept wealth but gave up political power so you dont have to kill them; if you do kill them then you aren’t democracy
civil society
that it can be bad; if groups are tying to gain power away from other groups then you are democracy
international relations
are you occupied; what the power wants from you; are you a pawn in someone else battle
what is coercion
use of threats to keep people in line
what is cooption
reward people or buy them off; two types
what are two types of cooption
clientelism and corporism
clientalism
buying off of individuals; party membership, better food, housing job
corporatims
group based buying people off; student unions, those who oversee a group; can get you your needs, will also spy on you
personality cult
when a leader builds themselves up as sessence of country’; god like, images everywhere
theocracy
idea that holy texts are your governing documents; religion over the state
resource trap
when a country has a resource that is valuable band are able to groww wealthy off that resource where they dont need to listen to the people; can buy them off or ignore them; should be rich but they are not; dont want a middle class to emerge
hybrid regime
there is some freedom and liberty but not a lot (Russiaa or Mexico); form of authoritarian regime that works and functions like democracy
totalitarian states
stalin’s USSR/
Nazi Germany/
North Korea; one that is highly centralized, no limit on state authority and wants to transform everything in society and economy
base
underlying economic model that your country runs on; are you capitalist, communist; system of economic production of your society
super structure
everything else; all of human society; used in communist theory to help keep you in line
Bushwazee
property owning middle class
prolitarian
workers
noman platora
elite; communist members ; party leader members in congress
vanguard and prolitariate
Lennon communist revolution can achieved in non industrial society even without the workers; substitute the working class
Marks
thought you needed the working class
final stage fo communist
communiste utopia
glasnot and perotrenko
program that was put into place that led to the collapse of Soviet Union; opening a reform, could express concerns;
shock therapy
idea that as you transition from communism into capitalist country all at once over night; Russia tried and did not work, hyper inflation 2000 a night
russia to know
oligarch, powerful office
russia oligarchs
rose after fall of communism and rose to power because they had the money in 1990’s
power office in russia
presidency; doesn’t matter cause Putin in most powerful
tienemen square
pro democracy uprising in china; good example of their lack of tolerance for any sort of uprising; also signaled the start of real economic reform and opening of economy
bejing consensus
argument that countries should develop; mercantilist state lead capital
operation ajax
US and UK operation that toppled the democratic government in Iran
guardian council in iran
legal body of Iran that makes sure all those running fo roffice and all laws fit within goal of the regime
basij in iran
they are the morality police in Iran and break of protests
imperialism
where a state extends its power indirectly and use it to control resources in another country
colonialism
has the same goal but the physical occupation of the land; can be done by military force or businesses
key part of both imperial and colonial
can’t be it if you are native to the area; have to not be from the area
middle income trap
countries are growing but are not growing fast enough to become high income
impact on economies, society, and government
established extracted economies; one in which the colony is set up to benefit the imperial power
how is the South African president elected
essentially prime minister; indirect election from the legislature; legislature elect
south africa
demographic shifts, unrest, slowing economic growth and reform; fall of communism; west did not have any reason to back the apartheid
license in india
license requirements to own and operate a business; they are bad and have students growth
presidential rule
when the central government steps in to remove state government to stablize before turning it back over
best way for a country to best boost level of freedom and economy
ensure that women have full and equal rights both under law and in society
